Brotherhood
Week
THE JEWISH NEWS
February 16-23
Brotherhood
For Peace
and Freedom
A Weekly Review
Sponsored
by
The National
Conference
of Christians
and Jews
of Jewish. Events
Michigan's Only English-Jewish Newspaper—Incorporating The Detroit Jewish Chronicle
VOLUME XXXII — No. 24 loon-Mr sLp
17100 W. 7 Mile Rd.—VE 8-9364—Detroit 35, Februa
Facts About
Shehita and
Humane
Slaughtering
Editorial, Page 4
Fuel Control
and USSR
Influence in
Middle East
Page 2
1958$5.00 Per Year; Single Copy 15c
Arca) Communists
Israel
Fail to Form
ike
Revolt Against G Re Arne
?P e
'(;)
4 :P 6 '4 '°
4 4 1..
Swiss Report Exposes Nazi
Collusion That Doomed to
Death Many German Jews
BERNE, Switzerland (JTA) — The "Ludwig Re-
port," an analysis of Swiss policy toward refugees
between 1933 and 1945 which damns the Swiss
government for following a policy that condemned
thousands of Jews fleeing from Nazism to return to
Germany and their eventual death, was the subject
of a stormy session of the Swiss Federal Council.
The report, ordered by the Federal Council,
charged that through a complicated web of "no
entry" laws and collusion between Nazi and Swiss
police officials between 10,000 and 12,000 Jews were
kept out of Switzerland during the Nazi regime.
Mathas Eggenberger, chairman of the Federal
Council committee responsible for the report, told
his fellow duputies that while Switzerland contri-
buted materially to alleviating conditions of the
refugees during and after the war, the actual refugee
policy from 1933 to 1945 "casts a dismal light on
the Swiss right of asylum. When the refugees were
running for their lives we passed them by," he
charged.
"Certainly Jens of thousands of hunted people
could have been saved without putting our country
into difficulty if we had conducted a general liberal
policy," Eggenberger said. "If we admit that indi-
vidual refugees have no juridical right to claim
asylum, we must stress that the best Swiss traditions
and Christian charity would have made a generous
attitude mandatory.
He took the army high command to task for its
"restrictive" refugee policy, hit the majority of
cantonal authorities because, they "did not play a
heroic role," and noted that even the SWiss popula-
tion played a "safer" role. He said there was no
unequivocal answer to the question: did Swiss
authorities concur in the creation of German "pass-
ports for Jews" as the Ludwig Report suggested.
But Eggenberger refused to accept any excuse
that Switzerland could not physically handle the Jews
she refused to admit. He pointed out that at the end
of the war Denmark accepted 250,000 refugees,
Finland 500,000 and that by the end of the war Switz-
erland had 115,000 in the country. "It seems
strange," he concluded, "that at a critical moment
Switzerland denied her capabilities of accepting
10,000 to 12,000 racial refugees."
Direct JTA Teletype WireS to The Jewish News
TEL AVIV, (JTA)—Arab nationalistic aspirations promoted by the Israel
Communist Patry seem to have gotten out of hand and backfired on the party
leadership, it was indicated here after the publication in the Communist newspaper
Kol Haam of a statement by an Arab leader which amounted to an open call
on the Israeli Arabs to resist the government in the manner of the Algerian rebels.
Authoritative sources foresee an open split among the Jewish and Arab
leadership. In recent weeks the Arab leadership of the party, concentrated chiefly
among the educated Arabs of Nazareth, has grown in strength. The statement in
Kol Haam was signed by Emil Rabbibi, Communist deputy in Farliament and
secretary of the Nazareth section of the movement.
The group headed by Habbibi has distributed pamphlets in Arab villages
calling for "Algerian-like rebellion" to be initiated by a campaign of passive resis-
tance to the Israeli authorities chiefly through the discontinuance of tax payments.
The aroup has also called for Arab boycott of Knesset elections.
6 This
new line developed after a visit by Communist Party leaders Shmuel Mikunis and
Tewfik Toubi to Moscow where they were appare ntly told to increase Communist Party activity
in Israel and include in their demands the return of Palestine to the Arabs. These instructions
have caused friction within the party with Dr. Moshe Sneh, Meir Wilner, Mikunis and the
moderate Toubi being opposed by activist Habbibi.
Reportedly the Jewish leaders have agre ed to demands for shrinking Israel's borders but
not its elimination while Habbibi has called on them to adhere to Moscow's plans for an Arab
state in Palestine. If the majority of the Communist Party opposes Habbibi, he is still in a
position to form a dissident group ultra-nation alistic in character.
In a recent speech in the Arab village of Araaba, Habbibi told the villagers that "no
force will prevent • (the realization of) Palesti ne Arab rights of self-determination." He also
asserted that "in view of the union reached b etween Egypt and Syria it is very natural that
the Arab masses should increase their struggl e for national and civil rights against the
oppressors of the Arab populations, the looters o f their lands and those who oppose their rights
of self-determination."
The ferment provoked among Israel's Arabs by Arab Communists has forced the Israel
government to postpone further plans to ease m ilitary government restrictions on Arab popu-
lated sections, informed sources revealed - Wed nesday.
The agitation was originally touched off b y extreme Arab nationalists and supporters of
the Nazi-minded. former Grand Mufti of Jerusalem and seized upon by the Arab Communist
party members, it was reported. These Israe I Communists are pushing a policy of question-
ing with increasing openness the very existence of Israel government authority in the Arab
populated areas, it was reported.
.
Apparently revitalized by the Egyptian-Syrian union proclamation, the extreme
Arab
nationalists in Israel reportedly started a whis pering campaign aimed at intimidating Israel
Arabs who cooperate with and accept the benefits of Israel development projects for its Arab
minority, it was disclosed.
Split in Communist Party Foreseen; Jewish Members Differ
JERUSALEM, (JTA)—Differences betwe en the Arabs and the Jews in the leadership of
the -Israel Communist Party, made public in t he statement by Arab Communist leader Emil
Habbibi virtually calling for a rebellion against t he Israel government, indicate the party would
soon split into separate Arab and Jewish factions.
Habbibi's statement and a similar speec h in an Arab village followed persistent rumors
that the Arab Communist leaders are at logger heads with Jewish leaders because the former
want to organize a "small Algeria" in Israel. Th e launching of an Algerian-type action
would
force the Israel Government to
to suppress the Arabs, the Arab
Communist leadership is said
to believe, and open the way
to Egyptian and Syrian assist-
ance to their "oppressed bre-
thren" and Moscow support
•
Turkish Peoples Party Urges Bagdad Pact Council
Abandon Anti-Israel Orientation; Ambassador in
Washington Warns of Dangers of - Refugee Problem
ANKARA, (JTA)—The Republican Peoples Party, largest opposition group in the
Turkish Grand National Assembly, has opened a campaign to .force the Bagdad. Pact Council
to abandon its anti Israel. orientation.
In a statement strongly critical of the Mencleres government, the Republicans charged
that the Bagdad Pact Council has degenerated into a forum for anti-Israel statements.
It was reported that plans are being prepared here, with the blessing of Secretary of
State John Foster Dulles, to unite Jordan and Iraq. The reports allege that Dulles promised
to arrange for Israel's consent to the arrangement, provided Israel receives assurances from
the U.S. it will be allowed to co-exist even if a final peace settlement is not possible.
-
• Turkish Ambassador Urges Middle East Cease Being Political Target
Direct JTA Teletype Wire to The Jewish News
WASHINGTON
Turkish Ambassador Hayri Urguplu Monday described the establish-
ment of Israel with the related problem of the Arab refugees the most difficult issue in the
Middle East. Other problems he named were the Suez canal operations, Algeria and Soviet
efforts to penetrate the Arab world.
The Ambassador said there was 'little prospect for settlement: of the Arab Israeli.
dispute. lie indicated that the Soviet Union i s exploiting Arab-Israel differences and warned
that "unless the Middle East ceases to be th e target of world politics, unless it returns to
stability with satisfactory and acceptable solutions to regional problems, and unless it achieves
a reasonable basis for normal development, it will continue to be a threat to world peace."
—
-
Max M. Fisher named Chairman of Brotherhood Week in
Michigan. See story on Page 6. Editorial on Page 4.