Li Nathan Glazer's Challenging Book
4 Arnerican Judaism,' Says Suburbia

Khrushchev Blamed for
Stamp Honors Memory of Bailin
Increased Anti-Semitism
BONN (JTA) — The West lished the S. Fischer firm in
devel-
German
Post Office placed on Frankfurt and has since
in Soviet Russia.

sale a 20-pfennig postage stamp oped it again into one of the
tutions in
bearing the portrait of Albert most respected insti
Jewish merchant ma - German literary life.
B lli
There probably will be more discussion over "Arnerican attributed to the Stalin regime, a n, ycoon who good
killed him-
n raising its uglyy nine tycoon
is now again
4
friend,
his
Judaism," by Nathan Glazer (published by University of Chicago head in R
f
under
Hol-
,.; Press, 5750 Ellis Ave., Chicago 37). than about any similar
be Khrushchev, chief of the Com_ Kaiser Wilhelm, fled to War '
E., book published in recent months. Man y sermons may
munist Party, according to a land at the end of World
The issuance marked the
5 devoted to it. The reason for this assumption is not the fact that report issued, here by the Con - 1 I. centenary of Ballin's birth.
;
gress for Cultural Freedom.
the book is subtitled "an historical survey of the - Jewish religion
1:4
1 TEL AVIV, (JTA)—The Tel
in America." Many books have appeared i n which such surveys
report says that the anti-
A pioneer in large-scale pas- Aviv District - Court this week
• r.r. ■
have been made. But Mr. Glazer's analysis of the influence at = Jewish
. ewish insinuations made pub- senger traffic across the At- rejected an appeal for release
p
es population movements towards the suburbs contains so many tidy by Khrushchev on various lantic, Bailin developed the on bail of Yaacov Herouti,
= interesting and challenging conclusions, that it is certain to arouse occasions since his coming to Hamburg - American line. member of an underground
ower in Moscow have stimu- Spurning many suggestions group which was charged with
E. more than ordinary interest.
aced the emergence of anti- from leading German sources plotting to bomb the Russian
A former associate editor of'Commentary Magazine, Mr.
I
.- Glazer comes to his present task with a fine Jewish background. Semitism among Communist of- that he become baptized, he re- Embassy in Tel Aviv.
..,
Concerning himself with the problems of the "people-religion,' ficials. It emphasizes that Jews mained a member of the Ham-
The court said Herouti's re-
ai
Judaism, in America. he has written a concise but comprehen- in the USSR, who watched with burg Jewish community until lease might constitute a dan-
his
death.
sive review of the beginnings of American Judaism ( 1654-1825), a feeling of relief the denunci-
and the
•
Another leading German Jew, ger to "the 'public
,,, ! and his book contains valuable outlines of German immigration ation by Khrushchev of the
state."
-•
r. and the shaping of Reform (1825-1894); the objectives and ac- •:Doctors' Plot" which was aimed Dr. Gottfried Fischer, head of
Dr. N. Barzakkai, court
primarily against Jews, are now the S. Fischer Publishing
a- ! tivities of Reformers and Conservatives (1880-1900) and the
on again perturbed following the House, was honored on his 60th president, in rejecting the plea,
i
effects
on
American
Judaism
of
the
East
European
Migration
'i4
birthday with the award of declared he was accepting the
).; ! (1880-1920)). He then proceeds to a most interesting discussion ! anti-Jewish remarks made by
the City of Frankfurt's Goethe statement of Israel's intelli-
of
Judaism
and
Jewishness
and
Jewish
survival,
in
which
he
Khrushchev.
gence service chief, who testi-
4 i
The report reveals that the Plaque. A Berlin physician, Dr. fied for two days against the
resents his views on the-influence of the new suburb::n trends.
74
number of Jews in government Fischer went into publishing
The author draws a distinction between Judaism, the tra-
service in the Soviet Union is after marrying the daughter of appeal.
ditional Jewish religion. and "Jewishness," which is described
The intelligence chief, whose
constantly declining. No Jew noted Berlin publisher Samuel name was withheld, asserted
as "that concern with Jewish culture, politics, and communal
can now be found in the Soviet Fischer, whose family name he that the underground group,
life characteristic of many Jews who had no particular Jewish
diplomatic service, the report lated adopted.
beliefs and allegiances." He points out that in 1937-38 the
■
During the Nazi, regime, he "Sarafand," hoped to provo
asserts.
synagogue represented a minority of American Jews, but in
maintained his pliblishing ac- Russian military intervention
the next 15 years there was a change, Jewishness was in retreat
and American counter-inter-
It matters not how a man tivities, first in Vienna, then in vention by the proposed bomb-
and JudaisM showed a remarkable strength.
Stockholm
and
later
in
New
how
he
lives.
but
Mr. Glazer now stops speaking of East European and Ger- dies,
—H. C. Hawk, Jr. York City. In 1950 he re-estab- ing.
man Jews, because of the turn that took place. differen-
tiations being "more by higher incomes than by different social
origins." The movement among American Jews in the new—the
pre sent era—is described as being towards business and profes-
sions, with a reduction in the working class "to the point where
it forms today no significant part of Jewish population." He'
makes the point that:
"The Jewish Labor Committee, the major organization rep-
con-nliunity what might be considered
resenting in the Jewi
the point of view of Jewish workers, today represents the
Jewish officials of unions largely non-Jewish in membership.
It no longer represents a large body of Jewish skilled workers
as it did when it was formed in 1934."
He decribes the flourishing of Judaism in these figures: -Con-
servatism, which claimed 250 synagogues., and 75.000 members
in 1937, claimed over 500 congregations and 200.000 families in
1956. Reform, with 29 temples and 50,000 families in 1937,'now
reported 520 congregations and 255.000 families . . . In the inter-
vening years. hundreds of tiny congregations, Orthodox. in the
slum areas of 'cities had closed; these had been replaced by:hun-
dreds of large and vigorous synagogues---Conservative and Re-
form, as well as Orthodox—on the outskirts. Conservatism and
Reform have thus grown greatly, partly at the expense of
Orthodoxy. for their new adherents have been defecting Orthodox
Jew. and significantly. the children of the Orthodox."
He admits that Orthodox has also "shown a remarkable
vigor." and he points to the strength of Yeshiva College "and
the loyalty of a wide stratum of American Jewry." He tells of
the rise of yeshivot and states that "Orthodoxy has shown amaz-
ing strength in its elementary and secondary schooling." in its
all-day schools.
His analysis of these trends is an exceptionally fine study
of current conditions in American Jewry. Mentioning two ex-
planations for the current changes—Hitler and Zionism—he
states that the idea that Israel could seriously affect Judaism.
is "largely illusory," and he offers a "more persuasive" reason
for American Jewry's religious revival. He states:
"The changes in American Judaism are linked with the
great movement . . . to the suburbs . . . It reflects not only a
rising American prosperity but a change in the social struc-
ture of American life.
The areas of the second settlement of the children of East
Europeans are described by Mr. Glazer as "strongholds of Jewish
irreligion and of Jewishness . . . As these neighborhoods have
broken up under the impact of prosperity and new settlements
of much lower density have been created on the outskirts of
the metropolitan centers, a number of social influences have
begun to be felt which haVe simultaneously strengthened Juda-
ism and weakened Jewishness."
Jewish children in the suburbs go to schools with and play
with Christian children. On a Sunday, the Christians go to
17100 West 7 Mile Rd.
I
Sunday schools. Mr. Glazer writes:
Detroit
35,
Michigan
"Such questions as 'Why am I a Jew?" must now arise ...
The parents know no answers to these questions either because
they have had no Jewish education or because their Jewish
education consisted of a certain degree of traditional observ-
ance and some Hebrew and Bible . .. A new form of Jewish
education thus becomes necessary, and the modern Sunday
1
school and weekday school, designed to adjust children, to
teach them why they are Jews, is gratefully accepted."
In his analysis of the ideological and sociological reason for
I
the new developments, Mr. Glazer states that with the migration
and Family
I Mr. and Mrs.
to the suburbs the Jews "became a captive audience for the
I
most energetic and aggressive among them," and these he de-
I
scribes as "the Judaists, the upholders of Jewish religion, or at
.
I Address
least religious institutions."
He also speaks cf a change in the climate of Jewish opinion,
of the decline of the earlier movement of socialist orientation.
of a reduction in anticlericalism which was possible when there
was a predominant .Jewish working class.
The return to religion, loyalty to the community, the sense
of belonging. the positions of the various Jewish groupings in
America, are analyzed with considerable skill in this interesting
bOok. It is a thought-provoking and argument-inciting document.

Influences New Vigor in Judaism

LONDON, ( J T A ) — Anti-
Semitism in the Soviet Union,

Deny Bail Plea
of Bomb Plotter

p
F l

7:

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