THE JEWISH NEWS Incorporating the Detroit Jewish Chronicle commencing with issue of July 20, 1951 -e! e",-;" 711:21- 44 r.T: 1,1 '' 7 ''. • e : Member American Association of English-Jewish Newspapers. Michigan Press Association. National Editorial Association. Published every Friday by The Jewish News Publishing Co., 17100 West Seven Mile Road, Detroit 35, Mich., VE. 8-9364. Subscription $5 a year. Foreign $6. Entered as second class matter Aug. 6, 1952 at Post Office, Detroit. Mich., under Act of March 3, 1879. PHILIP SLOMOVITZ Editor and Publisher SIDNEY SHMARAK Advertising Manager CARMI M. SLOMOVITZ Circulation Manager FRANK SIMONS City Editor 4 Sabbath Scriptural Selections This Sabbath, the twenty-eigth day of Tammuz, 5717, the following Scriptural sel- ections will be read in our synagogues: Pentateuchal portion, Mase, Mum. 33:1-36:13. Prophetical portion, Jeremiah 2:4-28; 3:4. Rosh Hodesh Ab reading of the Torah, Monday, Num. 28:1-15. Licht Benshen, Friday, July 26, 7.39 p.m. VOL. XXXI. No. 21 Page Four July 26, 1957 An Alarming Note About Israel and Germany In its "Random Notes from Washing- ton," the New York Times recently carried this disturbing item about Israel, Ger- many, Secretary of State Dulles and Ambassador Eban: John Foster Dulles has been caught embarrassingly in the middle over the issue of West German recognition of Israel. The Israelis have an economic mission in Germany to handle reparations, but they would now like full diplomatic relations. So Ambassador Abba Eban asked the Secretary of State to take it up with Konrad Adenauer during the chancellor's recent visit here. Mr. Dulles said he would. After Dr. Adenauer's departure, the Is- raelis learned, somewhat to their annoyance, that Mr. Dulles had merely mentioned the question in passing toward the end of the visit—and not to the chancellor but to For- eign Minister Heinrich von Brentano. But the mere mention annoyed the West Germans, who resented the implied sugges- tion that they needed intermediaries in deal- ing with the recognition of Israel. Moreover, they were embarrassed be- cause the Arabs, through the new Arab League Information Office in Bonn, had been threatening to recognize East Germany if West Germany recognized Israel. This alarms the West German Govern- ment, which is pledged to break. relations with any cotmtry except the Soviet Union that recognizes the East German puppet regime. Bonn does not want to throw that monkey wrench into West Germany's boom- ing trade in the Middle East. This note is especially alarming in view of reports from Germany that the latest Khrushchev coup in Russia may affect the candidacy for re-election of Chancellor Konrad Adenauer of West Ger- many. Some observers maintain that the emphasis on a possible East-West en- tanglement in Germany by the Khrush- chev forces may lead to the defeat of Dr. Adenauer. In such an eventuality, the democratic forces in the world and Israel would suffer immeasurably. While German leaders have denied that there is danger, even in the event of Dr. Adenauer's defeat, of an abandonment or curtailment of the German program of reparations to Israel, it stands to reason that Dr. Adenauer remains the strongest force behind the agreement that had been reached between the German government and the Jewish communities of the world. The reparations and indemnifications agreements could have been strengthened by some sort of diplomatic arrangements between Israel and Germany. The Adenauer government has consistently rejected attempts by Arabs to stymie the existing reparations program. Our Gov- ernment could have been helpful in encouraging better relations between Israel and the Adenauer regime. But the State Department appears to have been frightened again into indifference, border- ing on obstruction, by Arab threats. We view such a development with alarm because any hindrance to good relations among democracies is damag- ing to the entire effort to democratize the world in the face of Communist and Arab authoritarian threats. In viewing the possibility of Israeli- German diplomatic relations, account must be taken of the fact that the Nazi policies of the '30s and early '40s can never be forgotten. Yet, Israel's Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion and his associates believe that the Germany of today is not the same land that was ruled by the Nazis. But into the picture has been injected the Arab threat. Thus, Gaston Coblentz, New York Herald Tribune correspondent, in a cable to his newspaper from Bonn, stated a few days ago: "Chancellor Konrad Adenauer's government is taking the position that it favors, in principle, the establishment of full diplomatic relations with Israel, but that 'it is a question of timing.' By this, the Bonn government means that it would prefer to see the entire Middle Eastern situation calm down further before it risks Arab displeasure and possible political and economic retali- ation by sending an envoy to Israel." This is a clear indication of pressure against Jewry and Israel by the Arabs. Such influence may harm the entire democratic program undertaken by. our Government and our allies, and the issue is not one merely of Israel-German negotiations but of the free world's strug- gle for peace and amity. Avoid Trouble by Eliminating Its Deadly Roots A few days ago, it was reported that a United Nations Emergency Force unit at Gaza was fired upon by both Israelis and Arabs. The cabled report explained that Israeli soldiers challenged Arab workers at Dier El-Ballah, while a four- man Finnish patrol was in the vicinity. All the details in this occurrence have not been made known. But an obvious fact exists to point to the basic difficulties in the situation: there still are roots of con- flict that must be destroyed. When an end is put to fedayeen activities, when suspicions are eradicated, with the indica- tion of a desire for peace and for amicable relations, there can be an end to shooting. Troubles on the Israeli-Syrian border prove our contention that unless the roots of trouble are destroyed, conflicts will arise anew from time to time. All manner of charges have been leveled at Israel from Syrian sources, and uninformed persons could easily be misled into believing that the Israelis are covet- ing new land, that they are irrigating at the expense. of their neighbors. Nothing could be farther from the truth. Israel's progressive steps of land and water de- velopment should prove an example for similar action by her neighbors and a boon to the entire area, rather than as a fomenter of unjustified jealousies that are in evidence in Syria and other Arab countries. The Detroit News, in an editorial about the troubles in Galilee, pointed out some of the defections when it stated: In the upper Jordan valley where Syria is now trying to promote a new war with Israel, the Syrian batteries may fire away with relative impunity. This border region around Lake Hula makes the contest a one-sided affair. The valley belongs to Israel and is spotted with a new settlement eager to farm the land when the drainage of the Hula marshes is completed. On the Syrian side, the barren land rises steeply from the Jordan River trench and= the Sea of Galilee toward the snow-clad slopes of Mount Herman. There are no Syrian villages adjacent to the valley because there are no means for sustaining life. But these same rocky, irregular slopes are excellent for concealing artillery and mortar batteries. The Syrians may therefore fire away at innocent targets with little risk that Israeli forces may take effective counteraction un- less they choose to invade Syria to silence the batteries. That would be a "provocation." Why Syria's deliberate barraging of the Israeli villages is called anything less escapes the eye . Such is the gravity of the situation that it calls for a prompt and decisive UN judg- ment at the highest level. Israel is in constant danger from am- bushed enemies; yet the small Jewish State is constantly accused of fomenting trouble. When UN judgment becomes sound in the matter, we may see the desired solution. 1 ' Eve4 T.4E irrriPA Pfoler atreR/A/0 ir din siiiaT AOWN...* Great Tribute to USNA '300,000 New Americans' Dr. Lyman Cromwell White, who formerly was on the United Nations Secretariat, has written a remarkable tribute to the. United Service for New Americans and to the people who have helped in its functions, in his new book, "300,000 New Ameri= cans," published by Harper. - Published in tribute to the memory of Prof. Joseph P. Chamberlain, (1873-1951), this volume is, in fact, a history of the heroic efforts to rescue sufferers from Nazism. It is the story of immigration of our time viewed from the quarters of the major rescue organization that has helped many people settle in this country. Prof. Chamberlain, the man honored by this book, was the chairman of the Nations Coordinating Committee for Aid to Refugees and Emigrants Coming from Germany, 1934-39; chair- man of the board of the National Refugee Service, 1939-46, and honorary chairman of the board of United Service for New Americans, 1946-51. A foreward to the volume was written by Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt. William Rosenwald, general chairman of the United Jewish Appeal, former honorary president of USNA, wrote the dedication. In its totality, "300,000 New Americans" is an historical analysis of the European holocaust and the tragedies imposed upon mankind by Hitler, and of the tragic plight of those who sought havens of refuge. The Nazi tortures forced tens of thous- ands to seek new homes, and many of them found assistance from the USNA. But the USNA's activities were not limited to the German refugees. It also aided those who sought escape from Communism in Russia, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Ro- mania. Thus, "the USNA Accordion", as the author alludes to the great immigrant settlement organization, faced "all of these vicissitudes of war and peace" which "greatly added to the difficulties of those in America who sought to fulfill their basic responsibilities to their fellow men:" Treated in historical fashion, "300,000 New Americans" con- tains many explanatory charts. It begins with an analysis of the work of the National Coordinating Committee, describes the efforts of the National Council of JekviSh Women and HIAS, and explains how the Joint Clearing Bureau began to function in 1933. It was supplanted the following year by the National Coordinating Committee. The efforts of all the large Jewish organizations, of the Joint Distribution Committee, American Jewish Committee, Jewish Congress, Zionist Organization and others, are reviewed here, with reference to the distinguished leaders who played important roles in the refugee integration activities. _ An important place in the discussion is given to the National Refugee Service. The able author describeS the modern techniques that were used to provide assistance to immigrants. Specific cases are quoted to show the pre-migration efforts, overseas orientation, receptions on arrival, the various reception centers, etc. Dr. White reviews the work of vocational services that were , established by the National Refugee Service. He explains how the newcomers were offered business counselling, were given loans to assist them in gaining a start in life and were wholesomely integrated into the American community. Post-war relief created heavy burdens, this historical analysis indicates. But the duties were met well, and, at the same time, "both the national and local programs in the field of naturalization have been greatly strengthened." An especially fascinating story is contained in Dr. White's review of the work that was done among children. Here, too, specific cases are narrated to show the happy adjustments. An important chapter also is devoted to a description of the USNA relations with American Jewish communities and overseas cooperating agencies. The findings and conclusions incorpor- ated in this volume will, for a long time, serve as a valuable guide in efforts to integrate immigrants in this country. Dr. White's "300,000 New Americans" is a valuable addition to the available histories on the subject of immigrant reception and settlement in this country and is a great tribute to the United Service for New Americans. .