Priday, July 12, 1957 -- THE DETROIT JEWISH NEW S-1 0

Israel s Longing for Religion Still Seeks Fulfillment

(Direct JTA Teletype Wire
to The Jewish News)

as a whole, is decided in - Israel".
he asserted.
AMSTERDAM — The long-
Jews outside of Israel for
in.g for religion in Israel is that reason should not regard
widespread, and any description their ties with Israel "as a con-
of the Jewish State as one div- cern of welfare work which can
ided into "an orthodox minority be settled. by giving money",
and a majority of those outside Dr. Bergman said. "You should
the synagogue" is a false one, identify yourselves critically—
Dr. Hugo Bergman, Israel schol- I stress critically — with reli-
ar, told the World Union for gious life in Israel."
Progressive Judaism convention
The Jew's Prophetic Calling
here Tuesday.
Unless and until the forces
The longing for religion "has of religion in Israel suc-
not as yet found its way toward ceed in establishing emphasis on
fulfillment", he told the dele- the special mission of the Jew
gates to the international gath- and his prophetic calling, the
ering. "Maybe this longing will Jew in Israel will cease to be a
not lead into the synagogue in. Jew, Dr Eugene Mihaly, head
the near future", he added, "but of the department of homiletics
to my mind this does not matter and Midrash at America's He-
much."
brew Union College-Jewish In-
stitute of Religion, told the
Religion Tested By Life
He asserted that religion must conference.
be tested by life, "and Israel is
Delivering the principal ad-
the place for Judaism to be put dress at the opening session,
to the test before us and before Dr Mihaly warned that Israel's
the world. Here we manifest failure to develop stress on its
what Jewish belief really is in religious mission would be "Ca-
politics, in relation to our lamitous for Israeli Jewry" and
minorities, in Kibbutzim, in our "would threaten world Jewry
relationship with one another, itself." His talk was the subject
in our relationship with Jews in of day-long discussion by Re-
countries outside of Israel and form religious and lay leaders
with mankind as a whole." from many countries of the
He said the fact that Israel World.
was a member of the United While Jews in Israel and
Nations was "not only of politi- JeWs in other countries of the
cal but primarily of religious world are united for all time in
concern. We must stand the test a common task, each has a dif-
as Jews in the family of na- ferent historic .role, Dr Mihaly
asserted.
t.ions."
"Political Zionism has been
Israel expects the Jews in
other countries to understand primarily motivated by the urge
'that your problem, the prob- to normalize the Jew," he said.
lem of the Jewish community "Its driving force has been the

I

Jewish Quiz Box

BY RABBI SAMUEL J. FOX
What is the basis for the
Feast of the Seventeenth of
Tammuz (occuring this year
on Tuesday, July 16)?
The Mishnah (Taanit 4:8) re-
ports that five misfortunes be-
fell our forefathers on the Sev-
enteenth Day of Tammuz. The
Tablets of the Ten Command-
ments were broken because of
Israel's sin with the Golden
Calf. The daily offerings in the
holy sanctuary ceased during
the siege of Jerusalem. The
walls of the city of Jerusalem.
were breached. A Syrian Gen-
eral, Apostomus, burnt the
Scrolls of the Torah. An idol
was set up in the Holy Sanc-
tuary on that day. It.is claimed
that this is the fast which the
prophet Zechariah refers to as

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"the fast of the fourth month,"
it being that Tammuz is the
fourth month of the year when
we count the months of- the year
beginning with Nisan (Zecha-
riah 8:19).
* * *
Why are the three weeks
beginning with this Fast Day
of the Seventeenth of Tam-
muz observed as days of
mourning?
These are the three weeks
that passed between the anni-
versary of the day when the
wall of Jerusalem was breached
until the anniversary of the
day when the Temple was de.-
stroyed, the latter being the
Fast of the Ninth of Ab. The
Midrash (Ecclesiastes Rabbah.)
tells us when commenting upon
the passage in Jeremiah which
reads "I see a rod of an Almond
tree" (Jer. 1:11.) "As an Al-
mond tree takes 21 days from
the time it blossoms to the time
when its fruit is ripe, similarly
the whole decree only lasted 21
days, from the -17th of Tammuz
to the Ninth of Ab." It is also
claimed that the duration of
these three weeks of sorrow
parallels the three weeks which
Daniel spent in mourning (Dan-
iel 10:2,3).
* * -*
Why do some Jews refrain
from eating meat and drink-
ing wine during this period?
This observance parallels the
words of Daniel who claims
that he did not eat meat and
that wine did not come to his
mouth •during his three-week
mourning period (Daniel 10:3).
Our custom today is generally
to refrain from meat and wine
only during the last nine days
of this period. Other restrictions,
however, followed all three
weeks, such as not allowing
marriages to take place, and
not taking a haircut during this
period, and not engaging in all
types of secular festivity during
this period. As tar as the meat
and the wine is concerned, be-
sides being luxury foods which
generally denote a festive spirit,
they were symbolic of the
temple sacrifices. The meat re-
sembles the animal offerings
and the wine resembles the
pouring of wine which accom-
panied sacrifices. The destruc-
tion of the Temple, being a ces-
sation of sacrifices, is represent-
ed by the absence of meat and
wine,

vision of establishing a Jewish
nation like all other nations so
that the Jew may develop nor-
mally as an integral part of the
dominant majority group, as is
the case with other people."
This goal, despite continuing
threats to the state's existence,
the professor said, "is now
largely achieved," and Israel
faces the challenge of establish-
ing its religious mission or
being a state undifferentiated
from other states.
"In Israel, where assimilation,
in the sense of the Jews' being
like the dominant group every-

Sermonette

Religion

where is the standard pattern
and aim, the point of emphasis
religiously should be on the
side of the special and peculiar
task and mission, world-wide in
scope, that the Jewish religious'
consciousness demands," he said.
"Unless the forces of religion
succeed in this emphasis on the
special mission of the Jew, on
his prophetic calling, the Jew
in Israel will become an Israeli
like the resident of Syria is a
Syrian but he will cease to be
a Jew."
"Israel and world Jewry to-
gether, in combining the dif-
ferent levels of emphasis and
tension, thus achieve total ful-
fillment as a people," Dr. Mi-
holy concluded.

Treason - is the only crime
defined in the Constitution of
the United States. -

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