New Theory on
Communal Unity:
Variety of
Opinions on
Integrating
Men's, Women's
Organizations
Read
Sally Kornwise's
Article on Page 2
Amy Vanderbilt's
Advice on Bar
and Bas Mitzvot
THE JEwic-
Dr. Bela Schick's
80th Birthday
„,sir
A Weekly Review
Michigan's Only English-Jewish I`•
VOLUME XXX I — No. 18
27
,,t• 4 ,eunsh Events
4 ' >
Governor
McKeldin's
Peace Proposal
)
..orporating The Detroit Jewish Chronicle
_ 8-9364 — Detroit 35, July 5, 1957
17100 W. 7'.
Commentary,
Page 2
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Fedayeen Move Headquarters;
Egyptian Infiltrations Grow
Secret Truman Document on
Arab-Jewish Issue Sent to
Senate Committee by Dulles
WASHINGTON (JTA) — Secretary of State Dulles
has sent secret documents exposing Truman Administra-
tion policy decisions on Palestine in 1946 and 1947 to a
Senate subcommittee seeking to determine whether U.S.
diplomatic errors contributed to present difficulties in
the Near East.
Two batches of documents mainly coveri'ng the
Jewish-Arab conflict over Palestine before the creation
of Israel were delivered this week. State Department
sources confirmed this week that a third group of secret
documents sent to the Senate covered the more recent
Aswan Dam loan issue. More documents will be forth-
coming on Near Eastern issues.
The material already sent to the Senate subcom-
mittee, headed by Sen. J. W. Fulbright, Arkansas Demo-
crat, was said to include many letters, memoranda,
reports, and other material revealing the background
of formulation of America's policy toward the Palestine
question. The papers and records were provided with the
understanding they be regarded as confidential and not
be made public.
Put Teeth in Hew Israel Pork Law
Direct JTA Teletype Wire to the Jewish News
TEL AVIV—Municipal inspectors swooped down on
butcher shops, restaurants and hotels Monday and con-
fiscated 10 kilograms of pork in the first enforcement of
the municipality's new anti-pork law.
Kosher butchers, meanwhile, continued their strike
against high kosher meat prices which brought sales of
kosher meats to a standstill and a demand for an increase
in the price of non-kosher meat.
Nan-kosher meat dealers let it be known that they
would continue to supply pork meat in an "underground"
sales program.
Phosphates in Israel _
Israel's
phosphate deposits are being developed and exploited with
the aid of funds derived from the sale of State of Israel
Development Bonds. Surveys conducted by Israeli mineralo-
gists reveal the presence of millions of tons of phosphate
rock in the vicinity of "Oron," south of the Machtesh
Hatira area of the Negev. Israel's phosphates are being
mined by the Negev Phosphates Company Ltd., which was
established in 1952 with the assistance of Israel Bond dol-
lars. During the past five years, Israel's production of pro-
cessed phosphates has increased from 16,500 tons to more
than 120,000 tons a year. Shown above in the snow-like
fields of "Oron" are miners drilling phosphate rock which
will be loaded on trucks and shipped to such industrial
plants as Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd., where the raw
material is 2 used in the manufacture of superphosphates,
concentrated fertilizers and phosphoric salts.
TEL AVIV (JTA)—Egypt has transferred the headquarters of her fedayeen com-
mand from Gaza to El Arish, in the Sinai Peninsula, to keep the United Nations Emer-
gency Force from discovering the movement of fedayeen gangs, the Israel press
reported this week.
The report points out that the transfer of fedayeen headquarters contradicts
Egyptian statements to UNEF commander Maj. Gen. E. L. M. Burns that it has dis-
persed all fedayeen units and Palestinian Arab formations. It asserts that Palestinian
and fedayeen recruits are receiving specialized commando training at a base in the
Suez Canal zone and will later be returne d to the El Arish camp.
Forei g n Ministry circles dismissed Egyptian claims that the fedayeen units had
been disbanded. The marauders may be less active, these circles said, but they are
still operating from the Gaza Strip and the numerous mine ambuscades along the
Strip are obviously the work of trained fe dayeen. It is possible that the units have
been dispersed, the Foreign Ministry sources grant, but the organization with its
officers still exists.
Increased infiltration activities were noted in the Gaza Strip border area as two
infiltrators were killed and two others fle d back to the Strip when they were inter-
cepted by an Israeli patrol. The patrol fired on the infiltrators when they ignored
a call to halt. The two who were killed wore khaki and had food for two or three days.
Army officials said that infiltration int o Negev settlements has increased recently
and that in several cases the infiltrators were prevented from stealing agricultural
equipment by settlement guards. Israelis believe that the increase in cross - border -
raiding results from the recent order by Gen. Burns to his troops not to fire on infil-
trators unless they are attacked. The Israelis feel that as a result, the raiders are
emboldened because the danger to them is cut in half as they cross the demarcation
line, and UNEF control of the territory on the Gaza side offers them a refuge if they
are discovered by Israeli security forces.
American Jewish Congress Asks__:_SenJtts„, ,-----'
Investigation of Dhahran Base Prejudice
The American Jewish Congress called up on Senator J. W. Fulbright, chairman of the
Senate Foreign Relations subcommittee which is now studying American Middle East policy,
to investigate our government's "policy of acquiescence in discriminatory Saudi Arabian poli-
ties.
This request to Senator Fulbright was made in a communication from Dr. Israel Goldstein,
AJ Congress president. It was accompanied by a 24-page report detailing the terms of the U.S.
lease on the Dhahran Airfield in Saudi Arabia, which challenges the practices of the Saudi Ara-
bian government in excluding American Jews, members of the U. S. armed forces, to the Dhah-
ran Airfield and in refusing to allow public Christian religious services for American personnel
serving at the field.
In a foreword to the comprehensive report which is entitled "What Price Bias: The Dhah-
ran Airfield," Thomas K. Finletter, who was U.S. Secretary of the Air Force in 1951 when the
principal Dhahran lease was negotiated, asserts, "The United States is now assisting Saudi
Arabia in its discriminatory practices by screening American military personnel assigned to
service at Dhahran. . . This seems to me a state of affairs which should not be accepted
and should be stopped."
The request to Senator Fulbright called attention to the fact that the U.S. lease on Dhahran
was renewed by the State Department in April, 1957, "without any provision forbidding dis-
crimination against American citizens," despite the unanimous declaration of the U. S. Senate
deploring such discrimination. On July 26, 1956, the Senate adopted S.R. 323, declaring that it
regarded any distinctions among American citizens by foreign countries based on their individual
religious affiliation as incompatible with the rel ations that should exist between nations.
The AJ Congress study of the American government on Dhahran reveals that the Saudi
Arabian government receives a number of advantages. For example, all new "installations and
constructions . . . become . the property of the Saudi Arabian government," as do all ex-
isting "fixed properties." The total cost of constructing the Dhahran facilities, before the 1957
agreement was made, has been estimated at ab out $50,000,000.
Contrary to the popular idea that Dhahran is a vital military field, the study points out
that "the airfield is currently not militarized."
Analyzing the principal restrictions in the D hahran lease, the AJ Congress report declares:
"The practical effect of these clauses, as interpreted by Saudi Arabia with the acquiescence of
the U.S. is that American Christians at Dhahran are restricted in the practice of their religion
and American Jews are totally excluded from t he country." Dr. Marion J. Creeger, director of
the General Commission on Chaplains, an inter denominational Protestant organization, revealed
in March, 1956, that on a trip to Dhahran, two Catholic priests accompanying him were coin-
, polled to don open-necked sports shirts and civilian clothes. Chaplains, Dr. Creeger added, do
not wear insignia and religious services are held "behind locked doors."
The U.S. State Department has frequently s ought to justify its agreement with Saudi Arabia
on the ground that a sovereign state has the right to determine whether and under what con-
ditions aliens may enter its territory.
SP
Burns Reported Resigning as ILTNEIF Chief
Direct JTA Teletype Wire to The Jewish News
TEL AVIV—Maj. Gen. E. L.. M. Burns plans to resign as commander of the United
Nations Emergency Force in a dispute with UN Secretary General Dag Hammarskjold
over the•issue of UNEF authority in the Gaza Strip, Yediot Achronot, Israel daily, re-
ported Monday.
The newspaper reported Gen. Burns also planned to resign as head of the UN
Truce Supervisory Organization and would be replaced in that capacity by Col. Byron
Leary, acting head.
According to the newspaper report, a Swedish general has been suggested by
Hammarskjold to become UNEF commander. The newspaper also asserted that the
Canadian government, informed of the dispute, advised Gen. Burns to resign and re-
turn to ,Canada.
Gen. Burns reportedly demanded grea ter authority for UNEF in the Gaza Strip
after a series of recent incidents involving infiltrators.