FREDONIA, N. Y.—Continu-
tng introduction of religious
teachings and practices into the
American public school system
will make it impossible for the
school to achieve its primary
goal—the creation of an en-
lightened, united American peo-
ple, Dr. Jacob R. Marcus, his-
torian, said in a baccalaureate
address at the State Teachers
College graduation.
Dr. Marcus, professor of his-
tory at Hebrew Union College,
Cincinnati, and director of
American Jewish Archives, said
the battle to bring formal reli-
gion into the public schools is
being fought on two levels:
1. "A hushed but very real
rivalry between the forces of
Protestantism and Catholic-
ism" on the one hand; and
a move to unite all
2.
Americans in the hope that
"a broadly based religious _
conformity will better aid the
American people to cope with
the dangers now threatening
this country."
Warning that a rapproche-
ment of church and state would
"do violence to one of the most
sacred of American traditions,"
Dr. Marcus drew on historical
resources to prove his conten-
tion.
"In our spiritual progress, let t
the pedagogue never forget the
slough of bigotry out of which
we have climbed," he said. "Al-
most 300 years ago, three men
and a woman, Quakers, were
executed in Massachusetts be-
cause of religious fanaticism. In
18th century Maryland, on the
death of a Protestant father, his
infant child might well be torn
from the arms of its Catholic
mother to be reared by Protest-
ant strangers. As late as 1774,
Baptists were beaten and im-
prisoned in Anglican Virginia
because they persisted - in wor-
shipping God as their conscience
dictated.
"In his famous Memorial and
Remonstrance of 1784, James
Madison reminded his felloW-
Americans: 'Torrents of blood
have been spilt in the Old
World in consequence of vain
attempts of the secular arm to
extinguish religimis discord by
proscribing all differences in
religious opinion.'
"When men like Madison
sat down to write the AmeH-
can constitution, they were
very conscious of the ever-
religious uniformity. They
present dangers of compulsory
took to heart the bitted les-
sons of the past. It is for this
reason that the Federal or-
ganic satute of this country
imposes no test oaths and
tolerates 'no law respecting
an establishment of religion,
or prohibiting the free ex-
ercise thereof.'
"In 1788, after a majority of
the states had already accepted
the new constitution, the people
of this land realized that they
were initiating political changes
of epochal significance. 'The
citizens of the United States of
America,' said George Washing-
ton, 'have a right to applaud
themselves for having given to
mankind examples of an, en-
larged and liberal policy, a poli-
cy worthy of imitation. All pos-
sess alike liberty of conscience
and immunities of citizenship.'
"To commemorate the adop-
tion of the constitution, the cit-
izens of Philadelphia held a
federal parade on July 4, 1788.
On that day in the capital city,
they saw a sight that no country
and no culture had hitherto wit-
nessed. The Clergy of the metro-
polis, Protestants, Catholics and
Jews, walked in that colorful
procession arm in arm.
"That act was symbolic of the
dawn of a new civilization
where men would be free to live
and practice their religion with-
out let or hindrance. And be-
cause that is the American
spirit, it is my opinion that it is
a violation of our way of life
to impose religious practices on
children in the public schools."
prizes for the best literary
works of the year published in
Yiddish were awarded by the
Congress for Jewish Culture.
The awards, ranging from
$100 to $500, came from spe-
cial funds set up for such
prizes, including the Adolf
Neumann Fund in Geneva, the
Hoffer - Leib Fund in Buenos
Aires, t h e Boris Surovitch
Fund, the Fishl Bimko Fund
and the Rebecca Pat Fund, all
of New York. .
The winner of the $500 Hof-
fer-Leib prize was N. B. MM-
koff for his three-volume "Pio-
neers in Jewish Poetry in
America."
The other winners were L.
Chen - Shimoni, novelist; Dr.
Shlomo Bickl, essayist; Kohos
Kliger, poet; S. Berlinsky, nov-
elist; Chaim Ereinreich, for a
book of travel impressions;
Abraham Zack, novelist;
Rachel Korn, short story
writer; A. M. Fuchs, short story
writer; C. S. Kazhdan, educa-
tor. Berlinsky,. Chen - Shimoni
and Fuchs live in Israel, Kli-
ger and Zack reside in Argen-
tina.
The Congress for Jewish
Culture also presented Jacob
Pat - with a citation for his
book, "The Teacher, Esther" in
which he immortalized the
Jewish teachers annihilated by
the Nazis in Eastern Europe.
The citation, presented by Z.
Yefroikin, educational director
of the Workmen's Circle,
stressed the literary value of
Pat's book which evoked con-
siderable praise in Jewish cul-
tural circles in many countries.
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To Award Diplomas
June 19 on Alumni,
Day at Sinai Hospital
sport and dress shirt's from our eye-taking
selection. Solids and patterns in light summery
fabrics.
NEWEST STYLES
Physicians who have receiv-
ed their intern or resident train-
ing at Sinai Hospital will re-
turn June 19 for a scientific and
social program marking Alumni
Day.
Diplomas will be awarded at
CABANA SETS
FOR DIVERS OR DAWDLERS
Sure to star on any beach • . . matched tops
and trunks in a wide array of solid colors and
distinctive patterns.
the evening piogram to interns
and residents completing their
training at Sinai.
The scientific program will
feature Dr. Gordon Myers,
chairman of the department of
medicine at Wayne State Uni-
versity, College of Medicine,
who will serve as Sinai's visit-
ing chief of medicine and con-
duct a clinical conference with
Sinai cases as material.
The opening event of Alumni
Day will be a presentation of
scientific papers by present resi-
dents and interns of Sinai.
Among those who will present
papers are: Drs. Gaylord Alex-
ander, Sydney Soifer, Hugh
Beckman, Ralph Cash, Murray
Kling, Jack Lipwin, Milford
W e n o k u r, Harry Abramson,
Robert Lee, Lloyd Paul, Gerald
Mandell, Irwin Goldfarb, Ira
Gross, Gen. Niwayama and
Manuel Sklar.
Drs. J. Edward Berk and
Robert Berman of the Sinai
Hospital staff are program
chairmen for Alumni Day.
DR. ABRAHAM DUKER
Dr. Abraham Duker, presi-
ident of the College of Jewish
Studies of Chicago, will address
the 37th annual meeting of the
United Hebrew Schools, Tues-
day, 8:30 p.m., in the auditorium
of the Esther Berman Branch,
18977 Schaefer. Dr. Duker's ad-
dress will be on the subject
"Jewish Education in American
Culture."
Election of officers and one-
third of the board of directors
will take place that evening.
Reports on the activities of the
schools of the past year and
musical selections by children
will feature the meeting. A so-
cial hour will follow the meet-
ing. The public Is invited.
Dr. Duker is an outstanding
authority on Jewish communal
affairs. He was founding editor
of Contemporary Jewish Record
(now Commentary).
HAMBURG, (JTA) — The
9,500-ton "H ar Canaan," a
freighter built to handle 14,750
tons of bulk cargo such as - grain,
steel or coal, and constructed for
a corporation which is affiliat-
ed with the private "El-Yam"
shipping line in Tel Aviv, was
launched here.
The new freighter is the third
of four identical cargo ships
being constructed under the
terms of the German-Israel Re-
parations Agreement and de-
stined for the Recanati family,
which purchases them from the
State of Israel. The "Har Car-
mel" and the "Har Gilboa" were
delivered earlier this year and
are now employed as tramp
steamers on the freight routes
between Israel and European as
well as American ports. The
same assignment is envisaged
for the "Har Canaan" and the
"Har Tabor," the fourth ship
of the series, which is to be
launched in the summer.
Most of the merchantmen and
passenger liners heretofore built
in Germany were commissioned
by Zim Shoham, Israel's na-
tional shipping line. "El-Yam"
is the first private firm of Israel
shipowners to have ordered,.
within the framework of the
reparations pact, sea-going ves-
sels on a large scale.
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New Freighter for
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Dr. Marcus Delivers Baccalaureate Culture Congress Picks Dr. Duker to Address
for Yiddish Awards UHS Annual Meeting
on U. S. Separation of Church-State 10 NEW
YORK ( J T A) — Ten