Marshall a Real Book Subject

(Editor's Note: "Louis Marshall,
Champion of Liberty, Selected
Papers and Addresses," edited by
Charles Reznikoff, in two volumes,
has just ben published by the Jew-
ish Publication Society of America.)

A distinguished Jewish figure,
not a literary man, but an out-
standing social a n d political
leader, has been overlooked and
almost forgotten for •a number
of years. I refer to Louis Mar-
shall, one of the great legal
lights within American Jewry,
and a vigorous guide and
spokesman in the affairs of our
people._
His many years of labors and
services have left an indelible
impact upon the life and devel-
Opment of the American Jewish
community.
On the occasion of Mr. Mar-
shall's centenary recently Ob-
served, a number of articles
have appeared in several Jew-
ish magazines, and while these
essays were marked by appro-
priate encomiums and expres-
sions of appreciation, they were
not sufficiently imbued with the
actual and real character of the
man. Marshall was not the type
of man which could be depicted
in a few compliments and ob-
servations. He was a rugged in-
dividual, a persistent and posi-
tive character. with fixed, defi-
nite opinions, a firm, unwaver-
ing, often unyielding attitude to-
ward Jewish and other prob-
lems with which he dealt. He
differed with m
_any people in
his views and was involved in
many controversies. For years
he resisted certain popular views
of the masses of the Jewish peo-
ple in the United States, and
when with his clear judgment
and vision he modified his
opinions and came to accept the
views . which he first opposed,
he rose to ever higher stature
as a leader and guide Of Atheri-
can Jewry. "A community can-

not live under the Marshall
law," said his old friend Zang-
will in a famous address in 1921,
but ultimately it was the higher
law of Jewish good judgment,
devotion to the cause and clear
recognition of factS which pre-
vailed in dealing with most of
our problems.
Several of the recent writers
tried to prettify the character
of Marshall in presenting him as
a romantic figure, and in this
they did an injustice to a most
forceful and vigorous personal-
ity. James Marshall, Mr. Mar-
shall's son, wrote about his
father in American Judaism as
"The Man in Shirt Sleeves" in-
tending to convey the simplic-
ity, the approachableness and
general informality of the dis-
tinguished Jewish lawyer and
former president of the Ameri-
can Jewish Committee, and in
his day head of other institu-
tions. But the younger Marshall,
with all due obeisance to filial
piety and devotion, left out all
reference to controversies cen-
tering around Zionism, the
American Jewish Congress and
similar disputes. H i s article,
therefore, failed to give a clear
account of his famous ancestor.
Another serious omission was
the failure to mention Louis
Marshall as the chief non-Zion-
ist architect for the Jewish
Agency for Palestine. Consider-
ing all the differences of opinion
that prevailed in previous years,
Marshall's later emergence as
the champion of Palestine reset-
tlement, of minority and na-
tional rights for Jews in Eastern
Europe, his bold defense of Jews
on all fronts gave further evi-
dence of the force of his vigo-
rous mentality and strength of
character. He was a man who
lived vitally, grew continually
and rose to the heights of he-
roic stature.
Making allowances for the
limitations of magazine articles,
we are still looking forward to
the full ostory in the form of a
book.
—Bernard G..Richards.

World's First Hebrew
Encyclopedia Slated
for U.S. Distribution

The new Encyclopedia Hebra-
ica 24-volume work, being pub-
lished in Israel by Encyclopedia
Publishing Company, will be
distributed in the United States
by Monde Publishers, Inc., it
was announced by •tzhak J.
Carmin, president of the U. S.
firm.
The reference work, consti-
tuting the greatest publishing
venture undertaken in Israel,
and the world's first Hebrew
encyclopedia, has been hailed by
outstanding scholars, scientists
and community leaders through-
out the world as a major con-
tribution to human knowledge.
President Ben Zvi of Israel is
honorary chairman of the ency-
clopedia's board. Ten volumes
have appeared to date, and an
additional two volumes will be
released this year, with the total
publication of 24 volumes sched-
uled for completion by 1964.
More than 45,000 subscriptions
have been received in Israel.
In all, Encyclopedia Hebraica
will contain more than 12,000
pages, with 30;000 separate arti-
cles and 100,000 subjects. Arti-
cles have been contributed by
outstanding scholars and scien-
tists from every part of the
world, including 25 Nobel Prize
winners, and such leading
names as Albert Einstein, Niels
Bohr, Mme. Curie, and others.
Editor-in-chief of the project is
Prof. Joseph Klausner, leading
Israeli scholar.

Shortcomings in 'Men of Medicine'

Katherine B. Shippen goes
back 5,000 years to Sumeria to
trace medicine to the first phy-
sicians, in lier book, "Men of
Medicine," published by Viking
Press.

She covers a lot f ground in
her evaluative work, but there
are many shortcomings, espe-
cially in her elimination of ref-
erences to healing in the Bible,
the Talmud and other Jewish
sources.

True, the title page contains
the quotation from Ecclesiasti-
cus (38:1, 3)—"Honor the physi-
cian . .. according to thy need
of him with the honors due him
. . . in the sight of great men
he shall be admired"—but fail-
ure to mention Maimonides and
other great Jewish. physicians
leaves a void in this book.

Mrs. Shippen does relate that
Nestorius had invited Syrians
and Jews as well as Christians
to assist in the establishment of
the medical school at Edessa
She tells about the various peo-
ples, Jews included, who "were
predisposed to an interest in
mediCine . . . throughout the
great Mohammedan Empire."

In her reference to the medi-
cal school near Naples, in the
9th century, the author men-

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United Hias Dinner Honors
Philanthropist Rosenberg

NEW YORK, (JTA) — Edwin
Rosenberg, who came to the Un-
ited States as an immigrant 59
years ago, was honored for de-
cades of leadership in the work
of agencies which have helped
tens of thousands of refugees
from oppression settle in this
country.
. The philanthropist was the
guest of hOnor at a dinner spoil-
sored by United Hias Service on
behalf of the United Jewish Ap-
peal of Greater New York.

tions among the four founders
Elinus the Jew.
Much could have been made
of the false charge leveled at
Jews that they were responsible
for the Black Death in Europe
in the 14th century. All Mrs.
Shippen says is: "In some places
it was thought that the Jews
had poisoned the people, and
large numbers of Jews were
killed." If it was thought, why
couldn't it be true, on the basis
of the limited statement in
"Men of Medicine"? The fact
is that few Jews died in the
plague, and the masses were
moved to believe that the Jews
therefore caused it. But the su-
perior cleanliness and the diet-
ary laws of the Jews, it was
then established, saved them
from the plague, and instead
subjected them to prejudices
and calumnies.
Great Jewish physicians men-
tioned in the book are Drs. Ehr-
lich, Salk and Waksm•n.

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Groucho's Rise as TV Wit Recalls
Earlier Days in Theater, Vaudeville

.

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By HERBERT G. LUFT
(Copyright, 195'7, JTA, Inc)
HOLLYWOOD— Groucho
Marx celebrated 50 years in
show business by resuming his
movie career at Warner Bros.
studios. It was late in 1906
when the famed comedian be-
gan his theatrical venture as a
boy soprano with Gus Edwards.
Now, after half a century in
show business, during which
time Groucho
reached the
top in vaude-
ville, musical
comedy, films,
radio and tele-
✓ ision, he
reigns as one
of Ameri ca's
o utstanding
wits.
Groucho Marx Groucho, born
in New York on Oct. 2, 1895,
made his leap onto the stage
just before his 11th. birthday—
still under his real first name
of Julius. His father, Samuel
Marx, had emigrated to the
States from Alsace; his mother,
Minna Schoenberg, from Ger.:
many.
The Marx Brothers owe their
careers to their mother, who
had a strong love for the the-
ater. Her own father had been
a magician and she toured with
his show as a harp player. Min-
na's brother is Al Shean of the
Gallagher and Shean vaudeville
team.
Since Samuel Marx, the head
of the household, was a poor
East Side tailor, money was not
too plentiful in the Marx fami-
ly. However, the mother
scraped to give Leonard
(Chico), the eldest Of the boys,
piano lesson. Adolph (Harpo),
meanwhile, taught himself to
play the harp.
Af ter Grouc•o's experience

with .the Edwards act, he joined
a -vaudeville troupe, the LeRoy
Trio, which toured the country
in 1908 impersonating girl sing-
ers. Later, in New York, the
young man acted in a vaude-
ville skit and sang between the
acts.
Chico and Milton (Gummo)
finally teamed with Groucho
and Harpo to establish the trade
mark of the Four Marx Broth-
ers. It was Art Fischer, a mon-
ologist, who in 1916, cooked up
the bizarre first names by
which the brothers are known
throughout the world.
During World War I, Harpo
and Gummo went into the
Army, and Chico and Groucho
toured camps. After war's end,
Gummo left the act and .Her-
bert Marx (Zeppo), the fifth
brother, took his place. In 1922,
they clicked with their own
musical, "I'll Say She Is," which
became a smash hit in both
Chicago and New York. Then
followed the big Marx Bros.
success that made Broadway
history, "The Cocoanuts," in
1926, and "Animal Crackers" of
1928.
Both musicals were trans-
posed into motion pictures.
Other film successes included
"Monkey Business," "Horse-
feathers," "Duck Soup" and "A
Night at the Opera." The latter
was chosen for a Royal Com-
mand performance in London.
In 1950, Groucho embarked
upon a new career as a quiz
master for a radio and tele-
vision show, "You Bet Your
Life,"
•The lively comedian is the
father of two grown children,
Arthur and Mirium, who are
writers, and little Melinda born
in 1946. His ten-year-old daugh-
ter makes her movie debut in
"The Story of Mankind."

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11 —THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS — Friday, May 24, 1957

B. C. R. Says

