Friday, December 21, 1956 — THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS-24

Around the World..

37 Noted Americans Ask I.T. S. tofCompel
Arab States, Israel to Draft Peace Settlement

Attacking Russia's presence in
A Digest of World Jewish Happenings, from
Middle East as a central
Dispatches of the Jewish Telegraphic Agency and the
danger confronting the demo-
Other News Gathering Media.
cratic world, 37 distinguished

United States

NEW YORK—The National Council of Jewish Women ex-
ecutive committee urged the U.S. to exert leadership in the UN
for solution of the Arab-Israel problem and ask for UN inquiry
into the Egyptian treatment of Jews. The committee asked that
deported Egyptan Jews be included under the Hungarian refugee
program. . . . Harry Torczyner, general counsel of the American-
Israel Chamber of Commerce and Industry, has urged the re-
moval of the ban on travel to Israel by U.S citizens and reestab-
lishment of normal trade relations . . . $243,000 was raised for
the Combined Campaign of American Reform Judaism at a
dinner attended by 500 congregational leaders here. The New
York goal is $537,500 of the national $2,548,789 to be raised. . . .
At least 2,000 Jews will be included in the 21,500 Hungarian
refugees being admitted into this country under the emergency
procedure, it was estimated by Murray I. Gurfein, president of
United Hias Service . . .. Limitations on Congressional filibus-
tering was urged this week by many national Jewish groups.
PHILADELPHIA—Cong. Bnai Israel, whose right to build
a synagogue and religious school has been challenged by a
Montgomery County Court, has filed a petition with the Chelten-
ham zoning board for permission to use its building there for
daily and sabbath services.
CLEVELAND—Mt. Sinai Hospital is overthrowing the old
tradition of waking patients at the crack of dawn. New mothers
are now allowed 45 extra minutes of morning sleep.
LOS ANGELES—$11 million, largest amount ever set for a
West Coast - institution, is the goal of Cedars Medical Center of
Cedars of Lebanon Hospital here. $5 million will go toward a
clinic wing, research center, staff home and other facilities. $6
million will support an endowment fund for doctor training,
fellowships, research and operational costs.
ALBANY—The State Education Commissioner was asked
to rule whether the posting of the Ten Commandments should
be prohibited in classrooms.

Israel

leaders in the field of arts, let-
ters and the professions appeal-
ed to President Eisenhower to
take the initiative in compelling
the Arab States and Israel to
negotiate directly a settlement
of the Palestine War, as the only
means of stopping the Soviet
advance in this area. The parties
would be brought together by
the United Nations.
Opposition was expressed to
an imposed settlement on the
score that it could not endure,
while "direct peace negotiations
offer the hope of just settle-
ments satisfactory to both sides,
settlements which could be per-
manent." Stability would deny
to the Russians "the fallow
ground for their expanSion."
The appeal was contained in
a letter critical of American
foreign policy in the Middle
East, of the appeasement of the
Arab States and of the break
in the Western Alliance and the
labelling of Israel as an ag-
gressor.
The letter was transmitted to
the President in behalf of the
signatories by Elmer Davis, a
former head of the 0.W.I., edi-
tor, and news analyst who made
the letter public.
Joining with Mr. Davis in the
submission to the President
were:

JERUSALEM—About 3,000 persons attended a mass rally and
demonstration called by the Herut Party here to protest the
Israel government decision to evacuate the Sinai peninsula. The
meeting, followed by a torch-light parade, was addressed by
Herut leader Menahem Beigin and resolved to appeal to UN
member states for support of Israel's cause. . . Israel spent
165 million pounds ($91.5 million) for 'defense purposes in the
last six months, treasury figures indicate. . .. A new loan fund,
where the borrower will match loans pound for pound with his
own money, will be provided jointly by the Israel government,
Jewish Agency and Bank Leumi as working capital for immi-
grant businessmen and professionals. . . . Prayers in the "Cham-
ber of Ashes," in the Mt. Zion Memorial for six million Jews
murdered by Nazis, ushered in world-wide observance of Me-
morial Day for Jewish martyrs.
TEL AVIV—The Haifa-Lydda rail line was blasted south
of Hadera last week. Footprints from the scene were tracked
to the Jordanian border. Several thousand members of Israel
national trade unions demonstrated outside the Soviet Embassy
at Ramat Gan in support of the Hungarian workers' strike. .. .
"Operation Goodwill," designed to promote better understanding
and cultural ties between Israel and the U.S. has been launched
here by the Zionist Organization of America. A "cavalcade,"
to tour army bases and border settlements will acquaint Israelis
with American art, literature and music.

Europe

0

PARIS—The majority of 6,000 Hungarian Jewish refugees
who are now in Austria are young adults and children, and their
health appears to be satisfactory, Dr. Lev Zelmanovits, admin-
istrator of the World OSE Union, reported here. Once a refugee
registers with Austrian police, he is entitled to full national
health service without discrimination, the health Inspector re-
ported.
VIENNA—The Austrian government has agreed to establish
a camp for 1,300 Hungarian Jewish refugees at Bad Kreutzen,
since the Jewish community is unable to find quarters for all
newly arriving refugees. The Joint Distribution Committee has
merged its staff with the Vienna Jewish community for welfare
activities. Agudas Israel here is providing 2,000 kosher meals a
day for orthodox refugees. Though 90 per cent of refugees wish
to leave Austria for permanent settlement elsewhere, slow im-
migration facilities have allowed less than 1,000 to leave for
Israel, Britain, Canada and the U S
The number of Hun-
garian Jewish refugees registered here with the JDC has jumped
to 8,100 .. . Socialist deputies in the Austrian Parliament have
submitted a bill to restore civic rights, government pensions and
jobs to former high-post Nazis who were not convicted of per-
sonal crimes and Nazi organization members receiving short
prison terms.
ROME—Sixty-three of Rome's citizens and organizations
were presented with certificates of honor by the Jewish com-
munity in gratitude for their aid in saving many of Rome's
Jews from Nazi-Fascist persecution.
BERLIN—West Berlin's most active Jew-baiter, Erwin
Schoenborn, is forming a "German-Arab" Community to co-
ordinate "political battles for freedom of the German people
and Arab nations."
ANTWERP—A modern home for 50 aged Jews, lone sur-
vivors of Nazi persecution, was formally opened here by the
Antwerp Central Jewish Welfare Committee, aided by a $115,000
grant from the Jewish Material Claims Against Germany con-
ference, locally raised funds and JDC contributions.
LONDON—The World Agudas Israel organization shipped
35 bales of clothing and cases of food to Vienna for Hungarian
Jewish refugees, it announced here. It has been assured by the
Hungarian minister to Switzerland that the Janos Kadar gov-
ernment has taken "all effective measures" to supress any anti-
Jewish disturbances. The Mizrachi Federation of Great Britain
appealed for funds to aid Hungarian Jewish refugees arriving
in Vienna . . . Chief Rabbi Israel Brodie has disbanded the
British Advisory Committee to the Conference on Material
Claims against Germany following insistence by a Zionist Fed-
eration head to submit to the Conference complaints of unfair
allocation of its funds to Agudist schools and publications.

(dramatist); Bennett Cerf (publisher James Thurber, Rachel Carson, Car-
and author); Prof. Henry Steele Corn- son McCullens, William L. Shirer
mager• Mrs. Clarence Day (writer); (writers).
Babette Deutsch (poetess) ; Edna Fer-
The communication asked
ber (novelist and playwright); Lewis
Gannett (literary critic); Wolcott
for the end of appeasement
Gibbs (an editor of The New Yorker);
of the Arab States, the sub-
Leopold Godowsky, Jr. (inventor of
color film); Martha Graham (dancer);
stitution of a policy of quid
Josephine Herbst (writer); MacKinlay
pro quo and the re-forming
Kantor (novelist); George S. Kauf-
man (playwright): Freda Kirchwey
of
the alliances between the
(editor); Paul Klemperer; Arthur
United States and its prin-
Kober (writer); Jo Mielziner (stage
designer, producer); Lewis Mumford
cipal allies.
(writer); Allan Nevins (Columbia
professor); Eleanor Roosevelt; Artur
In proposing direct negotia-
Rubinstein (pianist); Harry Scherman
(President, Book of the Month Club); tions between the Arab States
Georges Schreiber ( artist) ; Irene M. and Israel, the signatories
Selznick (producer); Sigmund Spaeth
(musivlogist); John Steinbeck (no- stated: "that peace worked out
velist); J. David Stern (publisher); by the parties themselves
Rex Stout (mystery writer); Nathan
Strauss (President, WMCA); Ray- brought together by the United
mond Swing (writer, news analyst); Nations, not imposed by force

Herbert Asbury (writer) ; Ray
Bradbury (writer); Van Wyck Brooks
(literary historian); Truman Capote

Policy Made by Dulles

foreign to the region and its
problems" constituted the only
hope of an enduring settlement.
Anticipating Arab apposition
JERUSALEM, (JTA)—The
and pointing out that Israel has
government imposed a fine
consistently sought peace, the
of 400 Israeli pounds against
letter proposed that: "the UN
the newspaper Davar for vi-
Charter that has been used to
olating censorship regula-
flog Israel in recent weeks,
tions by revealing the name
should be used to compel the
of Mary F. Hagan, an Amer-
Arabs to negotiate peace." Not
ican tried and convicted here
once in eight years "have the
three months ago for espi-
parties met to iron out the
onage.
issues face to face. The time has
Miss Hagan was tried _in
come to let them know that the
camera, and the government
world will no longer temporize
had issued an order that her
with intransigence.
identity could not be reveal-
In exchange for a peace set-
ed. In its defense, Davar con-
tlement, the signatories pro-
tended it used Miss Hagan's
posed that a large scale regional
name and nationality only
development, under the auspices
after these facts had already
of the United Nations, should be
appeared in the press abroad.
undertaken, financed largely by
Four other newspaper pub-
the United States. Preliminary
lishers are to be tried next
to announcing such a scheme,
week on the same charges.
the group urged the President
to state openly and forcefully,
his view that:
1. Israel is here to stay
2. that the United tSates is
prepared to guarantee the
states against aggression _
3. that freedom of passage
through the Suez Canal by
ships of all countries, in-
pute. In 1949 the pro-Arab
cluding Israel, must - be in-
propagada organization
ternationally guaranteed.
"H.E.L.P.," predecessor of the
Responsibility for Russia's
"American Friends of the
Middle East," came under fire presence in the Middle East was
placed squarely on the shoulders --
from Herter.
of Nasser. The British-French=
He resigned as vice-chairman, Israeli action in Israel, says the
charging that "H.E.L.P." was letter, only served to expose
"made up in large part of per- the dimensions of the Russian
sons who publicly took a posi-_ penetration.
tion against the creation of an
A return to the status quo
independent Israel." He said "it
has long been a primary con- ante was challenged as dan-
cern of mine that there should gerous as well as impossible.
Insistence on the status quo
be a strong Israel which can
offer a haven to the countless ante means "strengthening Nas-
persecuted Jews of the World." serism, strengthening . Soviet
The group dissolved after penetration and inviting new
its exposure by Herter as a disaster."
pro-Arab front. Among its
leaders were Alfred M. Lilien- Report 10 Casualties
thal, Dorothy Thompson, Les-
from Jerusalem YMHA
sing Rosenwald, and other
NEW YORK — Ten casualties
anti-Israel agitators. A see-
retary of the organization con- among the members of the Jeru-
salem YM and YWHA in the
ceded "the presence on the
board of several people re- recent Sinai' Peninsula fighting
between Israeli and Egyptian
garded as anti-Zionists."
These events occurred at a forces and detail of the Y's role
time when Herter was a mem- in maintaining the morale of
ber of the House Foreign Af- its younger members were re-
fairs Committee. As Governor ported to the National Jewish
he once wrote to the Jewish Welfare Board and the World
Telegraphic Agenc y, taking Federation of YMHAs and Jew-
pains to disassociate himself i s h Community Centers i n a
from the sponsorship of a vio- communication from S. Behar,
lently anti-Israel speech. The chairman of the Y board.
The casualties included Moshe
speech, written by an Iraqi
diplomat, was read by Edwin M. Vaknin and Natan Babachanof,
Wright, a State Department of- who were killed. Eight others
fical. Wright is known for his were wounded, but all of them
are now recovering, Behar re-
extreme criticism of Israel.
ported. Shimson Zevi, executive
Hoover, the outgoing Under- director of the Y, was called up
secretary, at one time served as for active military during the
consultant to Moslem leaders Sinai campaign.
on oil matters. At le time he
During the fighting and the
entered the State Department, tense days that followed, the
Hoover held important inter- YM & YWHA devoted itself to
ests in a major oil company with teaching its younger members
Middle Eastern connections. His how to behave in the event of
role in the government was a n y emergency, including a
considered highly controversial. bombardment. By the use of
He was best known for a fiasco recordings of siren warnings
involving the freezing and rapid they were drilled in orderly en-
release of a shipment of U.S. trance to the Y's bomb shelter.
army tanks to Saudi Arabia.
However, the contrast be-
Israelis Support Hungary
ween Hoover and Herter does
little t o indicate U.S. policy by Picketing Embassy
TEL AVIV, (JTA) Several
prospects. Policy is made essen-
tially by Secretary of State thousand Israelis, members of
Dulles and on a White House various national trade unions,
level. Therefore, the Herter ap- demonstrated outside the Soviet
pointment. does not necessarily Embassy at Ramat Gan in sup-
forecast an essential change in port of the Hungarian workers'
48-hour strike.
basic direction.

Fine Newspaper for
Ignoring Censors

U. S. Role in Israel—Nasser

Case; 'Herter's Background

By MILTON FRIEDMAN

(Copyright, 1956, JTA, Inc.)

WASHINGTON — European
diplomats are pointing out here
that Nasser, the Communist-
backed dictator of Egypt, will
keep raising his price on the
diplomatic front. He will ask
first for a diminished and then
for an exterminated Israel. He
will go along with the United
Nations only so far as the UN
supports his ends. He has no in-
tention of allowing Israel to
have a respite from fedayeen
activities or passage through
either the Suez Canal or the
Gulf of Aqaba.
The State Department has
gone to great lengths in seeking
to please Nasser. U.S. officials,
for example, sought to minimize
and debunk reports of Egypt's
persecution of Jews.
Israel is urging the United
Nations not to allow a re-
turn to conditions that caused
the last explosion. Will the UN
restore Egypt's anti-I s r a e 1
blockade and return the mur-
der gangs to the Gaza Strip?
Or will the UN examine the
underlying causes of tension
and enforce its own existing
resolutions calling for lifting
of Egypt's blockades against
Israel?
The UN role will largely de-
pend on the U.S. attitude. In
early November the U.S. asked
for treatment of the basic ills.
But the State Department re-
treated from that position to
avoid displeasing Nasser.
Vice President Nixon's recent
foreign policy statement held
that the sovereignty of Middle
Eastern states must be guar-
anteed, that there must be a
"j u s t solution" of disputes
among them, and there must be
"generous aid in solving their
very real economic problems so
that their people may rise from
the depths of poverty and dis-
ease." Israel is concerned lest
the road the U.S. takes toward
these goals leads to one-sided
support of Nasser against Israel.
Does the replacement of
Herbert Hoover, Jr., as Un-
dersecretary of State by
Christian A. Herter have spe-
cial significance? Herter, re-
tiring Government of Massa-
chusetts, may be more objec-
tive on the Arab-Israel dis-