Friday, November 2, 1956 -- THE DETROIT JEWISH NEW S-44

sive i wince r o gyp aces " or
by Surprise, Wins Backing of France, Britain

JTA Teletype Wires to Jewish News

NEW YORK — The Israel army's advance into
the Sinai . Peninsula Monday took the world com-
pletely by surprise. Some developments had been
anticipated ever since Premier Ben-Gurion ordered
large scale Isfael mobilization Sunday, but it had
been expected that any ensuing action would be
directed against Jordan territory.
Reaction in most circles was one of bewilderment
and amazement. Fears were expressed that incursion
would lead to a general Middle East war. Stock Ex-
changes in New York and elsewhere reacted quickly
to the news. On the New York Stock Exchange, the
threat of war wiped out early advances, with inter-
national oils most seriously affected. In every capital
there was concern as to how far Israelis intended
to go and the possible effect of their action on the
peace of the world.
The first Jerusalem announcements indicated
that the action was a reprisal raid aimed at clear-
ing out Fedayeen nests in the Sinai• Peninsula, but
the depth of Israel's penetration into Egyptian
territory indicated much wider action. There was
a general impression that Israel's objective was
the seizure of the Suez Canal itself and fears were
widely held that this could precipate a war beyond
the borders of the Middle East.
In the United States there was general agreement
that the Israeli move would have repercussions in
the Presidential elections, but no one could foretell
what nature these repercussions would have. Presi-
dent Eisenhower cancelled a number of scheduled
campaign appearances to remain in Washington to
deal with the developing situation. Republican of-
ficials weighed the effect that stern measures the
U. S. might take against Israel would have on Jewish
voters.
Adlai E. Stevenson, Democratic candidate, re-
ferred to new developments in a speech Monday
night in which he denounced the failure of American
policy in the Middle East and accused the Eisenhower
administration a telling people "tragically less than
the truth" about the international situation.

U. S. Censures Allies

WASHINGTON — State Department sources
Tuesday indicated strong displeasure with Israel and
a growing measure of antagonism against France and
Britain for failure to cooperate with and follow Sec-
retary of State Dulles' leadership in the Middle East
crisis.
It was understood here that U. S.. diplomats have

had heated exchanges with
French.

the

British

and

the

State Department officials told newspapermen
Tuesday, speaking unofficially, that the U. S. might
sever all economic aid to Israel and cancel Israel's
right to buy those categories of military equipment
that are available here to Israel. It was pointed out
that the U. S. has "virtually" supported Israel and
given the state $260,000,000 in assistance. The aid
program for the current fiscal year ending June 30
is $26,800,000 in economic assistance.
The State Department is angered by what it con-
siders a lack of response on the-part of Israel to
Eisenhower's messages and American guidance gen-
erally. It was indicated that consideration of Israel's
application for a $75,000,000 irrigation loan from the
U. S. Export-Import Bank, which has been • pending
for many months, may be temporarily suspended.

To Seize 'Key Positions'

LONDON — Prime Minister Eden told the House
of Commons Tuesday that British and French air-
.borne forces would seize key positions in the Suez
Canal area within 12 hours unless the Israelis and
Egyptians cease hostilities.
The messages, dispatched to Cairo and Jeru-
salem, brought a response from Israel that it would
stop fighting if the Egyptians agreed. However,
Egypt declined the offer.

.

Eden had told Commons that the British govern-
ment together with France, plans military operations
"to separate the beiligerants and guarantee freedom
of passage" through the Suez Canal.

Eisenhower Readies 6th Fleet

WASHINGTON — President Eisenhower Tuesday
alerted Congressional leaders for possible emergency
meetings at the White House on the unfolding Middle
East situation.
The ‘ U. S. sixth Fleet has been ordered to stand
by in readiness to evacuate American civilians or
support any UN action. Major fleet units left Turkish
and Greek ports Sunday night. Warships are cruising
250 to 300 miles from the Mediterranean end of the
Suez Canal. The Sixth Fleet units include two large
aircraft carriers, about 20 destroyers, two cruisers,
other vessels and a reinforced Marine battalion.
In his report to the nation Wednesday, President
Eisenhower said he would work for peace through
the United Nations. While he was speaking, Britain
and France were overruled in the Security Council
where, by a vote of seven to two, the calling of a
special General Assembly session was ordered for
5 p.m. last night.
The President said he would alert Congressional
leaders to the existing situation but that he would
not call a special session of Congress.
PARIS — France will oppose any resolution
condemning Israel as an aggressor in the UN
session, a Foreign Office spokesman announced.
The influential Paris newspaper, Le Monde,
Tuesday reported that France and Britain would
use the veto.
Other sections of the French press condemned
"appeasement" of Egypt's Nasser by the U. S. as
responsible for the present situation in the Middle
East. At least one newspaper commended Israel
for "remarkable restraint."

Veto U. S., Russian Plans

UNITED NATIONS — The French promise of a
veto was upheld and the French were joined by Bri-
tain, as the two nations combined to veto an Ameri-
can resolution here calling on Israel to cease fire,
withdraw to its own boundaries and asking UN mem-
bers to refrain from force in the area.
Later, Britain and France again vetoed a Soviet
watered-down Soviet proposal that asked only that
Israel and Egypt cease fighting and that Israel with-
draw its forces. The U. S. abstained from this pro-
posal because it "lacked any enforcement provisions."
Earlier, at the UN session, the United States de-
livered a very sharp attack in the. Security Council.
A statement by Henry Cabot Lodge, the U. S. dele-
gate, accused Israel of "outright invasion" of Egypt.
On Tuesday afternoon he introduced a resolution
calling upon Israel for withdrawal of her troops.
Ambassador Lodge inferentially warned Britain
and France when he stated, within present circum-
stance, "no one nation certainly should take advan-
tage of this situation for selfish interest."
Lodge thus seemed to be in the unusual position
of taking exactly the same line as the Soviet.
Arkady Soblev, of the USSR, after sharply con-
demning Israel and declaring "Israel is committing
aggression against Egypt with massed forces," told
the Council "it is clear Israel could not carry out
its attack without encouragement from other
powers."
Sobolev cited the Associated Press report from
London which declared that Britain and France will
occupy positions in the Suez if hostilities do not cease
within 12 hours with the purpose of "separating the
belligerents."
Sobolev charged this shows an intention to act
without waiting for the United Nations to intervene,
adding "no state has a right to act in its own selfish
interests." The Russian told the Council that when
it adopts a resolution to halt fighting it should "in-
clude also England and France."

The speaker immediately after Lodge was Joza
Briley Mates of Yugoslavia who told the Council
there was "clearly a flagrant act of aggression" by
Israel under Article 39 of the Charter. Mates, along
with most others who spoke after him, congratulated
the United States for taking the initiative in bringing
the matter before the Council. However, by mention-
ing Article 39, Mates cited the most important anti-
war action that the Council could take.

Hear Report from Burns

United Nations Secretary General Dag Hammar-
skjold, in a brief statement before the Council, said
he had reports from Gen. E. L. M. Burns that Burns
requested Israel to. withdraw the troops and accept
a ceasefire as of 12 noon Tuesday. The same request
was sent by Burns to Cairo. So far, neither replied,
Hammarskjold . reported. Burns reported, according
to Hammarskjold, that a UN military observer radio
officer was expelled from El Auja by Israel and
Israel mined the demilitarized zone around Nitzana,
making access to the area unavailable to UN ob-
servers. •

Britain's Pierson Dixon spoke briefly, merely
telling the Council he expects momentarily an
important statement issued from London by Eden
after a conference with Pineau. Dixon said he '
hoped when he gives the Council full contents of
Eden's statement it will help the Council determine
its action. It was noted here that Dixon did not
make any reference to U. S. action initiating the
meeting. It noted also that Council President Ber-
nard Cornut Gentille -made no statement whatever
as the representative of France.
Omar . -L outh of Egypt, in a brief statement- to
the Council, accused Israel of an unprovoked armed
attack against Egypt which constitutes an act of war
which might have serious repercussions. He told the
Council that Israel's action had created a situation
Of exceptional gravity,
Egypt, he said, had- to employ its 'right to self-
defense against what he described as considerable
armed forces, including planes and tanks which had
invaded Egyptian territory.
The Egyptian delegate demanded that the Council
brand Israel as aggressor under Article 71 of the
UN Charter and expel Israel from the United Nations
under Article 6. He further called on all nations
which had been providing aid to Ik-ael to cease
doing so.
In a brief reply, Israel Delegate Abba S. Eban
said that Israel's action had followed invasions by
Fedayeen forces of Israel territory following an
Amman conference and was aimed at eliminating
Fedayeen bases in the Sinai Peninsula. He asked for
permission to address the Council later after receipt
of information from Israel.

^

Text of U. S. Resolution

The resolution introduced by U. S. Delegate Lodge
at the Security Council follows:
"The Security Council, noting that armed forces
of Israel penetrated deeply into Egyptian territory
in violation of the armistice agreement between
Egypt and Israel; expressing its grave concern at
this violators of the armistice agreement, 1. 'Calls
upon Israel immediately to withdraw armed forces
behind established armistice lines; 2. Calls upon all
members (a) to refrain from use of force or threat
of force in the area in any matter inconsistent with
the purposes of the United Nations; (b) to assist the
United Nations in ensuring the integrity of , armistice
agreements; (c) to refrain from giving any military,
economic or financial assistant .to Israel so long as
it has not complied with this resolution; 3. Requests
of the Secretary General of the Security Council
informed on the compliance with this resolution and
make whatever recommendations he deems appro-
priate for the maintenance of international peace
and security in the area by implementation of this
prior resolution."

.Authors and Panelists Feature Two Events During Jewish Book Fair

Plans fo the fifth annual Jew-
ish Book Fair enclosed Monday,
Nov. 19.
The Ladies' Day prbgram,
starting 11 a.m., will feature a
workshop, luncheon, and a
formal afternoon program.
On hand for the "Meet the
Author" workshops in the
morning will be Libbie Bra
verman, w e 11-known Jew-
ish educator and author of
children's books, and Rabbi
Philip Goodman, director of
Jewish education of the Na-
tional Jewish Welfare Board
and executive secretary of the
Jewish Book Council of
America. M r s. Braverman
will be interviewed at a spe-
cial workshop designed for
study groups and. teachers.
Rabbi Goodman's workshop
will be geared to the needs
of organization presidents and
program chairman, -

Mrs. Braverman, w if e of
Sigmund Braverman, the 'archi-
tect who has designed many
temples and synagogues, has
been active for 20 years in the
field of Jewish education. For
many years educational direc-
tor of the ,Euclid Avenue Tem-
ple in Cleveland, she now serves

Mrs. Braverman

on boards of many educational of "The Purim Anthology," Mrs. Nathan Spevakow, Book-
agencies. H e r books include

"Children of the Emek," "Come
Let's Sing," "T ea c h Me t o
Pray," and a new book, "Chil-
dren of Freedom."'"
Formerly Rabbi and Execu-
tive director of the, Institutional
Rabbi Goodman is the author

.

Mrs. Adler

"American Jewish Bookplates,"
and the recent "Rejoice in Thy
Festival." He is associate editor
of In Jewish Bookland and
recently was appointed admin-
istrative secretary of the World
Federation of Young Men's
Hebrew Associations and Jew-
ish Community Centers.
The luncheon will be given
by the Cooperative Council of
the League of Jewish Women's
Organizations.
The formal afternoon pro-
gram, starting at 1:15, will be
highlighted by Mrs. Morris
Adler's talk, "Twenty-F o u r
Hours in a Woman's Day."
Others participating in the pro-
gram include Mrs. Philip Bern-
stein, president, League of Jew-
i s h Women's Organizations;
Mrs. Louis Kazdan, chairman,
Ladies' Day Committee; and

Fair co-chairman.
"Men's Night," Monday eve-
ning, will feature "telephonic"
panel discussion, "Critics Call
the Author." Rabbi Richard
Hertz, of Temple Beth El; Rabbi
Jacob Chinitz, of Congregation
Ahavas Achim; and Rabbi Max
Kapustin, director of the Bnai
Brith H i 11 e 1 Foundation at
Wayne State University will be
present to discuss "Where Juda-
ism Differed," with its author,
Dr. Abba Hillel Silver, who will
speak from his study in Cleve-
land. Philip Slomovitz will be
moderator. Sidney J. Karbel is
chairman of Men's Night.
The Hebrew-Yiddish program
Of the Book Fair, on Nov. 18,
will have as speakers Mordecai
Shtrigler, eminent essayist and
author of 12 books, and Dr.
Morris M. Shudofsky, director
of Midrasha.

K

