Herzl Diaries:
Holy Places and
Prague Legend
The 'Pariah'
In Jewish
Organizational
Life
E JEWISH NEWS
Commentary, Pg. 2
Arabs Create
.Problern for ORT
In North Africa
Smolar Column,
A Weekly Review
*
Jolting
Washington
of Jewish Events
Page 2
Editorials, Page 4
Michigan's Only English - Jewish Newspaper — Incorporating The Detroit Jewish Chronicle
VOLUME XXIX—No. 22
27
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Akaba Mediterranean Canal
Proposed; Washington Hears of
Israeli-Produced tomic Bomb
Direct JTA Teletype Wires to The Jewish News
U. S. Senate's Resolution
Against Diseriminatton
Hailed by Jewish Groups
NEW YORK, (JTA)—All major national Jewish organizations issued
statements welcoming the United States- Senate's unanimous adoption
of a resolution establishing that "it is a primary principle of our nation
that there shall be no discrimination among U.S. citizens based on their
individual religious affiliations." The resolution is aimed at checking
Drab discrimination against American citizens of Jewish faith.
A joint statement hailing the Senate resolution was issued through
the National Community Relations Advisory Council by the following
organizations affiliated with the Council: American Jewish Congress,
Jewish Labor Committee, Jewish War Veterans of the United States of
America, Union of American Hebrew` Congregations, Union of Orthodox
Jewish Congregations of America and the United Synagogue of America.
The maintenance of this principle, the joint statement of the six
organizations said, "will require prompt correction of present policies
under which agencies of our government have seemed to acquiesce in
discrimination by foreign governments against American citizens. Thus,
vigorous efforts should now be made by the State Department to obtain
abandonment of the practice by certain foreign governments of denying
visas to American citizens who are Jewish. There must also be an end
to the screening of American troops and personnel designed to exclude
Jews from a.ignment to American bases in any part of the world. No
subsidy can now be made by the Federal Government to support or
make possible international trade from which American citizens are
excluded because of the religious prejudices of other nations."
The American Jewish Committee, in a statement commending the
action of the Senate, pointed out that the Senate "has rendered all
Americans and the cause of Constitutional freedom a significant service,
for it has made clear to the world that this nation honors its constitu-
tional commitments to all of its citizens and its commitment to the
charter of the United Nations." The Committee declared that the resolu-
tion underscored effectively "the fact that discrimination against one
group of Americans necessarily invades the rights of all Americans."
The passage of the resolution by the Senate protesting discrimina-
tion directed against American citizens on the basis of religious affilia-
tions also was commended by Bnai Brith and its Anti-Defamation League.
Unanimous Committee Recommendation
Spurs Passage of Senate Bill
WASHINGTON, (JTA)—The resolution adopted unanimously by
the United States Senate on Friday, aimed at Arab discrimination against
American Jewish citizens and emphasizing that such bias is "incompati-
ble with the relations that should exist among friendly nations," first
was adopted, on July 26, unanimously, by the Senate Foreign Relations
Committee.
The - resolution instructs the State Department that "in all negotia-
tions between the United States and any foreign state every 'reasonable
effort should be made to maintain this principle."
The resolution stresses that "the protection of the integrity of U.S.
citizenship and of the proper rights of U.S. citizens in the pursuit of
lawful trade, travel and other activities abroad is a principle of U.S.
sovereignty." It points out that "it is a primary principle of our nation
that there shall be no distinction among U.S. citizens based on their
individual religious affiliation."
The resolution further says that "any attempt by foreign nations
to create such distinctions among our citizens in the granting of per-
sonal or commercial access or any other rights otherwise available to
U.S. citizens generally is inconsistent with our principles."
-The resolution emerged as a modified and weakened version of the
original resolution introduced by Sen. Herbert H. Lehman which called
upon the President to declare to all nations that the U.S.will not tolerate
religious discrimination against its citizens. Sen. Lehman's resolution
also provided that U.S. public agencies could not bar qualified American
citizens from service in foreign countries because of religious bias. It
recommended that every agreement between the U.S. and a foreign
country should state that no U.S. citizen may be denied travel advan-
tages, employment or trade because of religion.
Sen. Lehman's resolution was supported by 20 other Senators. How-
ever, it was opposed by the State Department, which thought that the
Lehman version might restrict the Department in its conduct of diplo-
macy aboard. As a result of the State Department's opposition, the
resolution was modified to merely ask the State Department to attempt
to persuade the Arabs to change their attitude toward American Jews.
Robert D. Murphy, Deputy Undersecretary of State, appearing before
the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, said that the State Department
still hopes to renew the lease for the U.S. military base in Saudi Arabia
from which American Jewish servicemen have been barred at the re-
Depart-
quest of the Saudi Arabian ruler. He sought to justify the State Depart-
ment's position in barring U.S. Jews from the base.
LIVERPOOL, England — Port workers have refused to load a cargo of
arms destined for Lebanon aboard the Egyptian freighter Star of Luxor. Long-
shoremen say they will refuse to load arms on any ship going to the Middle
East. Cargo for Star of Luxor includes five 5-inch Howitzers, ammunition, mo-
bile searchlights and assorted sizes of ammunition.
The Times of London Tuesday opposed a proposal made in the House of
Lords Monday by Lord Hare Belisha, the Jewish ex-Minister of War, that Bri-
tain consider cutting a canal from the Gulf of Akaba through Israel to the Medi-
terranean coast as an alternative to the Suez Canal. The Times said the en-
gineering problem and costs involved would be "daunting" and that such a canal
could be cut off by Egyptian and Saudi Arabian shore batteries commanding
the narrow entrance to the Gulf of Akaba.
Eban Won't Discuss Atomic Bomb Report
WASHINGTON. -2- Israel Ambassador Abba Eban on Tuesday refused to
enter into discussion on reports that Israel has produced an atomic weapon.
- Such reports reached a new high in Europe, as the influential French
newspaper Le Monde published fresh rumors on the subject. U.S. experts are
said to have seriously considered the possibility of Israel's possession for some
months.
United Nations sources have maintained that French Delegates Jules Moch
told the disarmament subcommittee that sooner or later Israel, Japan and West
Germany will be able_to produce atom bombs.
State Department spokesman Lincoln White said the United States was
not, to his knowledge, selling arms to Egypt at this time. He added that he
would have to check on the current status of economic and technical assist-
ance to Egypt.
-
The Suez Canal issue was believed discussed when Israel Ambassador
Eban met for over an hour at. the State Department with George V. Allen,
Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs. Mr. Eban declined to say
if the Israel arms application was taken up. The Ambassador described the
meeting as a periodic review of general and specific questions.
Because of the Suez crisis, Secretary of State John Foster Dulles cancelled
an appointment with Irving M. Engel, president of the American Jewish Com-
mittee. The American Jewish Committee leader was to discuss the Arab-Israel
situation with Secretary Dulles.
No Change in U. S. Stand on Arms For Israel
State Department sources indicated they saw no immediate change in the
United States attitude toward Israel's arms application despite the hostility
shown by Egyptian President Nasser against the Western Powers by nation-
alizing the Suez Canal. Pro-Israel elements here had hoped the extreme anti-
(Continued on Page 28)
Escapes In ury
DR. NELSON GLUECK
JERUSALEM, (JTA) — Dr.
Nelson Glueck, president of
Hebrew Union College-Jewish
Institute of Religion and a
prominent archaeologist, nar-
rowly escaped injury last
week-end when an archaeo-
logical party which he heads
and its armed escort came
under automatic fire in the
Negev. This is Dr. Glueck's
fourth trip to the Negev,
where he is mapping the
settlements which existed
there during Bibical times.
795,392 Entered Israel
Since Rebirth of State
JERUSALEM, (JTA)—Statistics on immigration to
the State of Israel from the time of its establishment
as a state until the end of April, 1956, published here
by the Jewish Agency, show a total of 795,392 new
immigrants.
The breakdown by country of origin shows: Iraq,
123,179; Romania, 123,118; Morocco, Tunis and Algiers,
114,074; Poland, 104,723; Yemen, 45,894; Bulgaria, 38,477;
Turkey, 35,250; Libya, 32,150; Iran, 31,645; other North
Africa countries, 20,798; Czechoslovakia, 18,323; Hung-
ary, 14,414, and Germany, 9,125. Yugoslavia, 7,714
India, 5,199; Russia, Latvia and Lithuania, 5,012; France,
4,677; Asian countries other than those specifically enum-
erated, 4,608; Aden, 3,267; Austria, 3,169; England, 2,813;
Argentina, 2,705.
Also, United • States, 2,585; China, 2,506; Greece,
2,150; Italy, 1,615; South American countries other
than those specifically enumerated; 1,579; Netherlands,
1,431; Belgium, 1,270; Brazil, 917; South Africa, 814;
Switzerland, 518; Sweden, 463; Spain, 421; Canada, 396;
Tangiers, 282; Australia, 231; Cyprus, 144; Abyssinia, 8-3;
Portugal, 43; Denmark, 27; Ireland, 24; Luxemburg, 17;
Norway, 12; Finland, 5; Japan, 3; Malta, 1 and various
European countries, 106. In addition, there were about
27,000 immigrants for whom this information was not
given.
The breakdown of immigration by sex showed
396,750 females as against 385,737 males, and 6,053 for
whom no record was available. The figures also showed
that 3,453 persons had left Israel from maarabot and
immigration homes, and 2,474 died in such institutions.