`Israel and the United Nations' Study Israel Increases
Ceramics Output
Evaluates Israel's Foreign Policy

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In the first major published
study of Israel's foreign policy,
prepared for the Carnegie En-
dowment for International
Peace, a distinguished Study
Group set up by the Hebrew
University of Jerusalem de-
scribes . nd analyzes Israel's ex-
perience with the United -Na-
tions. Entitled "Israel and the
United Nations," • the 322-page
volume is one' of a series of
more than 20 studies on inter-
national organization sponsored
by the -Carnegie Endowment for
International Peace.
As the authors of this vol-
ume point out, attitudes in
Israel toward the UN rest upon
"vivid personal memories." No
other nation has been from
birth so much the subject' of UN
action and discussion.
The experience of ISrael
with the United Nations has, of
course, primarily centered
around Arab-Israeli relations.
Of the role of the UN in this
bitter dispute, the book has
both good and bad things to
say.
While emphasizing that the
people of Israel won -their in-
dependence through their - own
efforts, the report pays tribute
to the contribution of the UN in
helping to effect "a major po-
. litical change with a minimum
of bloodshed and disorder."
The study reports consider-
able dissatisfaction in Israel
with the handling of the out-
breaks of violence that have
kept Israel's borders in a con-
tinual state of tension and have
more than once threatened the
peace of the entire area.
The report is critical of the
work of 'the Palestine Concilia-
tion Commission and sceptical of
the value of the debates that
have taken place almost an-
nually in the General Assembly
on Israel-Arab relations.
With regard to Israel's posi-
tion on the "cold war," the
authors discuss Israel's desire
not to ally itself formally - with
either bloc but rather to pur-
sue an independent policy based
on the best interests of Israel
and the United Nations. The
reasons behind this policy, ac-
cording to the Study Group,. in-
clude "the aspiration to keep
open the doors of Jewish emi-
gration to Israel from Eastern
Europe, and concern as to the
Idkely outcome of global con-
flict upon the position of the
Yishuv itself."
Regarding the "colonial Prob-

lem," which has so sharply di-
vided the members of the UN,
the volume records ,a gradual
evolution from a strong policy
in support of all emancipation
movements to a more moderate
position which recognizes the
desirability of avoiding open
conflicts.
Although Israel is a small
country,_it has not felt that this
fact should prevent it from
taking an active part in UN de-
bates. As a representative of
Israel once said: "Small na-
tions represented in the General
Assembly must often ask them-
selves • what they could con-
tribute to the general welfare
in a: world - so dominated by
large units of power. Perhaps
in their very disinterest and in
their passionate need for
security, they were the best
qualified to search Out the corn-
/1101): ground between conflicting
interests and to assert the per-
sistent need for mediation."
Israel's special. character as
the , Jewish state has imposed
certain requirements on, its
foreign policy. "On the one.
hand it is a State" as every
other state; while on the other
hand it bears a general Jewish
responsibility for the fate of a
people whose overwhelming
majority does not live within
its borders . . The Jewish State
cannot stand aside when Jews
outside its borders are threaten-
ed with extinction." In addition
to a particular interest in the
welfare of Jewish communities
elsewhere, this has led to gen-
eral interest in problems of
human rights.
The last part of the volume is
devoted to an analysis of Is-
rael's attitudes toward the
major problems of the UN it-
self '— its organizations and
procedures, and its activities in
connection with the _mainte-
nance of peace and prevention
of aggression, human rights, in-
ternational law, and technical
assistance.
As to the future, opinion in
Israel inclines toward the belief
that the United Nations is, in
a sense, the victim of the cur-
rent international situation and
that an improved political cli-
mate must precede improve-
ment in the UN system. There
is little enthusiasm in Israel
for attempting to amend the
UN Charter.

Gen. Saranoff Given
Army Civilian Award

WASHINGTON (JTA)—Brig.
Gen. David Sarnoff received the
Army's decoration for "excep-
tional" civilian service at a_.re-
union luncheon of the 1953 Com-
mittee of the - Department of
Defense Organization, an or-
ganization of leaders in the
world of business, education and
government who advised De-
fense Secretary Charles E. Wil-
son in reorganizing the -Defense
Department.
The award was presented by
Secretary Wilson, who first read
a citation •praising Gen. Sarnoff's
contributions to national defense
activities. He succeeded the
late Maj. Gen. Julius Ochs Adler
as chairman of the National Se-
curity Training Commission..

Israel Offers joint Fight
on Malaria with Arabs

GENEVA, (JTA)—Israel
fered to join with the Arab
states in a war on disease in
the Middle East this week, but
its offer is likely to meet with
continued rebuff from the
Arabs, who still refuse to sit
with the Jewish State in the
regional commission of the
United Nations World Health
Organization.
Israel's offer came at the
ninth World Health Assembly
meeting here, when Dr. S.
%Warman Management
Btesh, director general of the
Israel Ministry of Health, wel-
619 N. Michigan, Chicago -
MOhawk 4-6440
comed the convening of a con-
ference on malaria to be held
iaiglakaraffigaid l
n ion Athens;

Yak Uses Award Fund
To Honor Rabbi Wise

White House Alters
Arms Aid Figures

WASHINGTON, (JTA) —
The White House corrected a
statement made by President
Eisenhower at a press con-
ference to the effect that
Saudi Arabia had been sent
or would be sent this year a
total of $16,000,000 worth of
military aid.
The White House said that
the $16,000,000 total covers
all the states in the Middle
East. The State Department
said . last . February . that
equipment worth $1,000,000
would go to Saudi Arabia.
All the. other Arab states to-
gether would get $6,000,000
in military aid, the State De-
partment added, and Israel
would - receive $3,000,000. ...

Yale University, the recipient
of the American Jewish Con-
gress' 1954 S t e-p h e n Wise
Award, will utilize the income
of the award to honor the mem-
ory of the late -religious leader,
it was announced by Dr. Israel
Goldstein, AJ Congress presi-
dent.
Yale .received the award — a
bronze plaque and a check for
$1,000' — for advancing Jewish
scholarships and culture
through the publication of its
Judaica series.
In a letter to Dr. Goldstein,
Dr.' A. Whitney Griswold, pres-
In the five years since the ident of Yale, disclosed that
Israel'Bond drive was organ- after officials of the University
ized, over $22'7,000,000 has had discussed the disposition. of
been invested in the 'Jewish the funds, it was decided that
"an undergraduate prize corn-
state to speed expansion of
m.emorating, Rabbi Wise himself
established industries and to
would be most appropriate. Ac-
undertake new ones. In the
ceramics factory shown here, cordingly, in consultation with
mass production factor y the University Chaplain," Dr.
Griswold stated, • "we have cre-
methods are employed in '
ated such a prize to be awarded
making quality ceramics of
this spring for the first time."
domestic minerals and chem-
icals.
voos$,,,--agviakor

Jewish News
Stamp Collector

By HENRY B. STERN
Postal cards are generally
considered as government print-
ed pieces of postal stationery.
Picture post cards are the sou-
venir cards to which stamps
are affixed. Israel has recently
issued a new series of what may
'be termed pictorial postal cards.
These • 30 Pruta government
issued postal cards show scenes
of Yehi'arn, Ramat Rachel, Kok-
hav Hayarden (Belvoir), Kefar
'Etsyon, Safad and Metsudat
Joab.
The Ministry of Posts in Jeru-
salem has recently sent us some
covers (i.e., envelopes with
stamps. affixed and postally
used) with several interesting
postmarks. One postmark-can-
cellation dated Jan. 1, 1956,
suggests in Hebrew and English
that we "Visit Israel Land of
Mediterranean Sunshine." An-.
other states "Give to the De-
fence Fund." A cover post-
marked in Sedom indicates in
its postmark that it was mailed
392m. under sea level. The Bib-
lical quotation "He who tills
the ground will satiate himself
with bread" is ,shown as part
of the postmark of a cover
mailed from Pardes Hanna on
March 15 of this year.
The Netherlands has issued a
series of commemorative post-
age stamps featuring paintings
and sketches by the famous
Dutch artist Rembrandt. Among
the reproductions of Rem-
brandt's works shown on these
stamps are "Young Tobias" and-
"Old Blind Tobias." Tobias (or
Tobit) has given his name to
a book from the Apocrypha.
Rembrandt's original canvas of
"Young Tobias" was painted in
1650 and . now is part of the
collection of the Kaiser-Fried-
rich-Museum in Berlin.
Collectors interested in U.S.
stamps and American postal
history have a fine reference
book at their disposal in Harry
M. Konwiser's "The American
Stamp Collector's Dictionary."

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