•

Second Hammarskjold Trip
• Foreseen; More Positive Steps

By DAVID HOROWITZ
•
The Dag •Hammarskjold Re-
•
r‘i port to the Security Council
41 has raised the hopes of many
• delegates, at the UN who be-
• lieve, with the Secretary Gen-
t:4 eral, that the new cease-fire
. situation may have the possi-
bility of starting a chain of
reactions in the direction of a
peace settlement . . While
the Arab delegates also hold
E.4 this view, the Israelis do not
r4 appear so hopeful. Their silence
• speaks more than words could
eq. tell.
As far as the scope of the
a t
Hammarskjold mission is con-
/—'
cerned, N. Y. Times' military
expert Hanson W. Baldwin has
this to say: "The question of
peace or war in the Middle
East has been postponed, not
resolved, by Hammarskj old:
Only - surface tensions have
been relieved by the tour of
the Secretary General . . In
other words, there. is a breath-
ing space. But the fundamental
conflicts of the Middle East are
still unsolved." -
In its main editorial titled
'Hammarskjold's Success," The
Times, while hopeful of the
outcome of the unique mis-
sion, confirms the views ex-
pressed by its military writer.
`The basic problems," it stated,
"are there and they are un-
ehanged. It is important not
to be lulled by Mr. liammar-
skjold's undoubted success into
a belief that anything funda-
mental has been solved in the
Middle East, What Mr. Ham-
marskjold has won is a breath-
ing spell—a valuable one—but
it will serve little purpose if
the opportunity is not used to
press for solutions to .what the
Secretary General called "the
main issues which I have con-
sidered to be outside my man-
date." , • . The Herald-Tribune
expressed the view that the
progress Mr. Hammarskj old
made toward the cease-fire
"may be transitory unless it is
soon backed by more positive
steps to remove the causes of
tension in Palestine."
Writing in The Reporter
Magazine, Claire Sterling had
this to say in a first-hand re-
port from Jerusalem: "The Is-
raelis will not invade Egypt,
now, or in a year from now."
Analyzing the reasons for this,
Mrs. Sterling declares: "Hav-
ing observed the movement of
Nasser's troops and supplies on
the border, having been told
that the U. S. would give them
neither arms nor the guaran-
tee of swift military assistance,
having received nothing but
discreet moral comfort from
Britain and at that time only
the promise of a dozen jet
fighters from France, and hav-
ing lost faith in the West's
ability to hold Nasser back,
Israel's leaders had these alter.
natives when the Egyptians
opened fire that April morn-
ing: To strike at once and de-
stroy Nasser's Russian bomb-
ers and tanks before he could
use them effectively; to wait
another three to six months
for a change of hegrt in Wash-
ington, after which no ' light-
ning thrust on their part would
be feasible; or to wait a year,
when Nasser would consider
himself thoroughly ready to
come and get them. They de-
cided to wait. It was an un-
e q u i v o c a l decision." Mrs.
Sterling made it clear- that this
decision did not imply Israel's
inability to fight, if necessary.
"The Israelis are not only
ready to fight, to a man; they
are sure that in any war, long
or short, offensive... or defen-
sive, with or without Western
arms, they would win."
* *
Hammarskjold Report Raises
Possibility of Second Mission

4

Secretary General Dag Ham-
marskjold, in wake of his re-
port to the Security Council in
which he conceded that the
cease-fire agreements he had
obtained were only a "first
step."
Mr. Hammarskjold, Speaking
at the first press conference he
had held since his return,
placed the responsibility for
further progress at this time
in the governments of the
Middle East and the Big Pow-
ers. Observers here also saw
significance in the fact that he
chose that press conference to
reiterate that he had not
changed his plans to visit Mos-
cow. Because of his earlier ref-
erence to the major responsi-
bility resting on the Big Pow-
ers,_it was felt he might discuss
Middle East problems with the
Soviet leaders when he visits
the U.S.S.R.

Mr. Hammarskjold's report
to the Security Council made
a number of points which were
considered to point up the sit-
uation now occurring in the
Middle East. Among these
were his belief that the cease-
fire agreements he obtained
were more important than sim-
ilar past agreements because
they were the undertaking of the
governments, and not merely
statements by local field com-
manders. He also alluded to
the fact that the negotiations
for the freedom of movement
of UN observers had been on
the basis of the observers' re-
sponsibility directly to the
Truce Supervision Organiza-
tion. The UN Chief expressed
regret at the lack of diplomatic
relations between Israel _and
. the Arab states.
Many areas of disagreement
still exist,, the report disclosed.
No solution was obtained to
the Suez and Bnot Yaacov dis-
putes. The Secretary-General
felt that the Suez issue is one
for the Security Council to
decide, since the resolution
ordering freedom of passage
through the Suez. for Israel
shipping had originated` in the
Council. Likewise, he felt that
the Council must interpret its
own three-year old resolution
which had asked Israel to sus-
pend work on the Bnot Yaacov
project "temporarily." Israel
feels that the "temporary"
period is over, especially since
the Arab leaders had at first
stalled, then rejected the Jor-
dan River Valley development
plan proposed by President
Eisenhower's special ambassa-
dor, Eric A. Johnston.
A House Foreign Affairs
study mission composed of
six Congressmen who visited
the Near East last year, sub-
mitted a report which op-
posed supplying either the
Arabs or Israel with arms,
but said that unless a settle-
ment is achieved, it may be
"advisable or necessary for
the United States to provide -
Israel with arms."
In its formal report to Con-
gress, the mission expressed a
view "that our government.
cannot allow Israel to fall any
more than it could support
Israel in any act .of aggres-
sion." The group added: "Like-
wise our government cannot
allow the Arab countries to
gain such superiority in Com-
munist-obtained arms that they
might be tempted to start an
aggressive war against Israel."
The mission was headed by
Rep. Clement J. Zablocki, Wis-
consin Democrat.

U. S. to Act Favorably
On Israel's Request for
Loan of $75,000,000
WASHINGTON (JTA)—The
Export-Import Bank is ex-
pected to act favorably in the
reasonably near future on an
(Copyright, 1956, J.T.A., Inc.)
Israel request for a $75,000,000
UNITED NATIONS, N. Y., loan to finance development of
(JTA)—Speculation here cent- water resources other than the
the possibility of a main Jordan River scheme, it

the application had been made.
The bank is an agency of the
U. S. Government.
The administration mad e
known it is asking develop-
ment assistance funds totalling
$139,000,000 for the new fiscal
year for Israel, the Arab states,
Ceylon, India, and Nepal. Ste-
phen P. Dorsey, acting direc-
tor of Near Eastern Operations
of the International Coopera-
tion Administration, testified
before the Senate Foreign Re-
lations Committee. He did not
break down the regional total
in a way that might spell out
how much Israel and other
states would get in their share.
Ivan B. White, counsellor of
the U. S. Embassy in Israel,
was accused of increasing the
Middle East war danger by
spreading the idea that Israel
might start a "preventive war"
against the Arabs. Rep. Abra-
ham J. Multer named Mr.
White in testimony before the
House Foreign Affairs Commit-
tee. The committee is holding
hearings on the Foreign Aid
Bill.

Non-Confidence Motions
Against Israel Cabinet Defeated
JERUSALEM (JTA) — The
Israel government beat off two
challenges when votes of no
confidence over its handling of
the refusal of the Haifa munic-
ipal administration to close an
industrial exhibition on the
Sabbath were defeated. The
votes and the furor in the
Knesset, however, are reported
to have resulted in a promise
by Premier David Ben-Gurion
to give "more consideration"
to the Orthodox point of view.
The first vote was proposed
by the Herut. The posing of
the question embarrassed the
religious parties, which are
members of the coalition. They
could not vote against the
Herut motion since it supported
a protest which they them-
selves had raised nationally.
On the other hand, they could
not vote with the right-wing
opposition party and thus en-
danger the life of the coalition
government.
Premier Ben-Gurion made a
personal appeal to the religious
deputies to act in a "moderate"
manners and to remember that
"we have to live together."
The religious deputies then ab-
stained; insuring the defeat of
the Herut resolution by 55 to
11, with 26 abstentions. Poale
Agudah then proposed a simi-
lar vote of no confidence and
was put down by 52 to 3 with
33 abstentions. The Commu-
nists and General Zionists
joined the religious bloc in
abstaining.
The Israel Cabinet decided
that members of the Cabinet
must resign if, in the future,
they cannot support the gov-
ernment on a vote of confidence
because of a matter of con-
science. Otherwise, it was
agreed, every minister must
vote with the government and
may not abstain. The decision
was the aftermath of two votes
in Parliament.

Ban Newspaper

For Attack on Jews

ISTANBUL, (JTA)—A front-
page attack on Jews has cost
the newspaper Buyuk Dogu
(Great East) a three-day sus-
pension. The newspaper has
only a small circulation.
The article was written by a
Necip Fazil Kisakurek, who has
served several prison terms for
similar offenses. Kisakurek
charged that Jews had, through-
out their history, sought -±- ) de-
stroy Turkey.
He also saddled Jews with re-
sponsibility for a revolt within
the Democratic Party against
its leader, Premier Adnan Men-
deres, and charged that the at-

]Bnai Brith Dedicates Exhibit Hall

zwatiatma...,44- wx

Philip M. Klutznick, president of Bnai 'kith, hands cere-
monial trowel to Mrs. Daisy Monsky of Los 'Angeles at corner-
stone-laying exercises of the new Bnai Brith exhibit "hall and
building. Looking on are Senator Herbert H. Lehman, left,
and Rabbi Abba Hillel Silver, who were principal speakers
at the event. The $1,300,000 "shrine to democracy" is being
erected by the Bnai Brith Henry Monsky Foundation, named
after Mrs. Monsky's late husband, president of Bnai Brith
from 1938 to 1947. The cornerstone laying took place during
the Bnai Brith triennial convention.

Oren Back in Israel After
Release from Czech Prison

(Direct JTA Teletype Wire
To The Jewish News)

TEL AVIV — "I carry within
my heart great protest and re-
sentment against appearances of
decay in Socialistic countries to
which I became a victim. I am
not a victim of the regime, but
those who violated the regime,"
declared Mordecha Oren, who
returned to Israel Tuesday aft-
ernoon accompanied by his wife
and two 'Mapam officials.
He was met by thousands of
cheering Mapam followers who
gathered, at the airport building.
Oren also was met by his two
children, a 19-year-old daugh-
ter and soldier, and his eight-
year-old son, whom he could
hardly recobnize.
After kissing three Mapam.
leaders—Yaari, Bentov, Barzilai
—he addressed the gathering,
saying his release was incom-
plete, "my innocence wasn't
recognized. The fact that I
wasn't a criminal but a victim
of a 'crime, falsity charges
against other `Asirai Zion' and
against the Zionist constructive
progressive movement weren't
hardly recognize.
"Those who compelled me—
by methods which opposed
both Socialistic human princi-
ples—to confess things which
never were true, haven't yet
confessed to the crime which'
they did. Therefore my re-
lease is incomplete."
He stressed that his personal
problem might have come to an
end, but this is a secondary
problem since the primary one
is a great stain placed. on the
socialistic regime, which hith-
erto has not yet been cleaned.
He also stressed his loyalty to
his party and to the ideal of
socialistic revolution which he
said would come in the future.
Meir Yaari, who greeted Oren
On behalf of the party, described
his trial as anti-Semitic, like a
"second Dreyfus case," and that
Oren and another Jew were
"actually kidnapped in the
street" in order to be used as
a small screw in the big Slansky
trial which was fabricated by
Beria followers. He promised
not to remain quiet until Oren
was cleared altogether. Those
who send jet bombers to Arab
countries haven't the courage
to confess their mistakes in pre-
paring false charges, he said.
A delegation from Histadruth,
Ahdut Avodah and Mapai were
present at the airport, besides
the Foreign .Minister's personal
representative. Decorated buses
and cars joined Oren's convoy
to his home at a kibbutZ in the
Emek where a tremendous wel-
come was prepared.
Oren was released from
prison Monday _by Czech au-

tion in the Slansky "treason"
trials in Prague.
In Rome, en route to Is-
rael, Oren had declared he
was "glad to be free again
and in good moral and phys-
ical health. I am sorry I was
not liberated on full acquittal.
I shall do everything in my
power to prove my case of
innocence until full justice
a n d rehabilitation is ob-
tained."
He asserted his innocence of
the espionage charges on which
he was convicted. He said that
while he was not mistreated
physically by the Czech au-
thorities, "the methods used are
quite formidable."
He said he could not remem-
ber what he had said at his
trial, but recalled he was ar-
rested four and a half years ago
on a train while traveling in
Czechoslovakia on an invitation
from the Czech labor federa-
tion.
Dr. Nahum- Goldmann, presi-
dent of the World Zionist Con-
gress, cabled Oren's -wife in Zu-
rich, while she was waiting his
release, congratulations on his
liberation. He said Oren's or-
deal "shocked the entire move-
ment and world-wide public
opinion."

Agency Approves
Housing for 20,000

(Direct JTA Teletype Wire
'To The Jewish News)

JERUSALEM — The Execu-
tive of the Jewish Agency,
meeting on Monday, approved
housing for 20,000 new immi-
grants to Israel in the next four
months.
S. Z. Shragai is leaving for
France to organize the immigra-
tion, and :Dr. Giora Josephthal
is going to the United .States to
raise the necessary funds.
Simultaneolis with this an-
nouncement, Dr. Nahum Gold-
mann, president of the WJC,
said he regretted Dr.- Emanuel
Neumann's. statement, before
returning to the United States,
in which Dr. Neuniann said
Goldmann had promised rota-
tion in the agency.
"The fact is I never promised
any rotation in the New York
Agency, but every time I leave
New York I will appoint an act-
ing chairman according to my
discretion," Dr. Goldmann said.
The executive continued de-
liberations on distribution of
portfolios, and toward the end
of the meeting, Shragai an-
nounced that 764 new *immi-
grants were to arrive Tuesday
aboard the SS Jerusalem.
These were to include 17 arri-