Best Wishes for the Future Years

THE JEWISH NEWS

Incorporooing the Detroit Jewish Chronicle commencing with issue of July 20, 1951

Member American Association of English-Jewish Newspapers, Michigan Press Association, National Editorial Association
Published every Friday by The Jewish News Publishing 'Co, 17100 West Seven Mile Road. Detroit 35. Mich.. VF. 8-9364
Subscription $4 a year, Foreign SS.
Entered as second class matter Aug. 6, 1942, at Post Office, Detroit, Mich.. under Act of March 3, 1879

PHILIP SLOMOVITZ
Editor and Publisher

FRANK SIMONS
City Editor

SIDNEY SHMARAK
Advertising Manager

June 24, 1955

Page Four

OL. XXVII., No. 16

Sabbath Scriptural Selections
This Sabbath, the fifth day of Tammuz, 571 5, the following Scriptural selections will be read
in our synagogues:
Pentateuchal portion., Num. 16:1-18:32. Prophetic-al portion, 1 Sam. 11:14-12:22.

Licht Benshen, Friday, June 24, 7:53 p.m.

The Decade of the United Nations Charter

Ten years ago, on June 26, 1945, the Charter of the United Nations, signed in the San
Francisco Opera House in the name of "We the Peoples of the, United Nations," declared
its determination "to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in
our lifetime has brought untold
sorrow to mankind," and re-
solved to establish the interna-
tional organization in order that
peoples may "live together in
peace with one another as good
neighbors." Thus, ten years ago,
there came into being a new 'A History of the Crusades'
entity "to maintain international
,peace and security ... . and to
employ international machinery
for the promotion of the eco-
After many years of planning, the University of Pennsylvania
nomic and social advancement
Press has just issued the first book in the projected five-volume
of all peoples."
of the Crusades." The editor-in-chief of this important
In the lifetime of many of "History
study is Dr. Kenneth M. Setton, professor of history, Columbia
us , a similar organization, the University. Volume I, "The First Hundred Years," was edited
League of Nations, collapsed for by Dr. Marshall W. Baldwin, professor of History at New York
lack of encouragement. A group University. The maps are by Princeton University's Harry W.
of• "wilful men"—as the late Razard.
President-Thomas Woodrow Wil-
It is proposed, in the second volume, to reach the beginning
son branded them—was among of the 14th century; in Volume III to describe the Crusades in
the hostile forces in this country the 14th and 15th centuries; in the fourth book to describe the
that stood in the way of prog- political and ecclesiastical organization of the crusader states and
ress.
They were among the ele- the propaganda, financing and legal theories relating to the
•0:145.
,
ments responsible for the defeat Crusades; and in the final volume to deal with the influence left
sisisl O
of that great idea that was ad- by the crusades upon all aspects of European life.
vanced by President Wilson after
The crusading campaigns to capture Jerusalem from the
the First World War.
Mohammedan's have had an important bearing upon Jewish
Our generation is fortunate history. They had left behind them pools of Jewish blood. The
to witness the success of the , pogroms, the attempts by sincere Christians to stop them, the
United Nations. But after ten.i horrors that were visited upon Jewish communities, are described
years of progressive efforts, the in the first volume. Although the references are brief, the facts
idea of a cooperative intema- are properly related.
,,, tional organization is not yet
The University of Pennsylvania History of the Crusades, in its
secure. Once again, in our own analysis
of the 11th century Crusade leaders, refers to Peter the
land, there is a group that seeks the destruction of the United Nations. Therefore the chal- Hermit as having had peaceful intentions "as his followers were
lenge of the Charter of the United Nations still confronts us. There remains the need for prepared to pay their way and do not seem to have been guilty
the perpetuation of the great world organization, in the hope that out of it will develop a of the persecution of the Jews which became so prevalent in the
force strong enough to make peace where there are threats of war; to cement good will Rhine valley after their 'departure. Peter, to be sure, had a letter
from French Jews advising their brethren to aid Peter for the
where there is antagonism.
This is our prayer on the anniversary of the United Nations. We pray for the success good of Israel, _which may mean that he threatened them to
money; and later on we learn that he had a treasure
of the international organization for the sake of peace in the Middle Est, in the best inter- obtain
chest." Indeed, looting and mercenary intentions were evident
ests of amity between the East and the_ West, in order that peoples may live in harmony, throughout the Crusades.
without fear of impending warfare.
The authors could have offered a clearer explanation for
Out of the United Nations has developed one of the great miracles of our time: the
rebirth of the state of Israel. This young state is now one of the wholesome elements in money-lending by Jews. It was a pursuit practiced under com-
and for the unknowing it is urgent that the facts be
the • world organization. It is a functioning force in the strivings for peace, and it lends pulsion,
restated. Relating that Folkmar's band and possibly Gott-
dignity and glory to the UN.
schalk's followers were involved in the wave of anti-Semitism
On the occasion of the celebration of a completiOn of a Decade of the United Nations that swept throUgh the Rhineland, this important history points
Charter, we pray that this great ideal should be perpetuated. May this b_e the will of God out: "Especially ready to sack the Jewries were poor crusaders
and of Man!
who needed money to finance their journey."

Sufferings of European Jewry

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Israel Bond Drive Resumes Here

Reorganized and now being conducted
under new management by the recently-
created Development Corporation for Israel,
the Israel Bond Drive is being resumed in
Detroit under the loyal leadership which has
conducted campaigns for this important in-
vestment project in Israel's behalf.
The Israel bond drives have become rec-
ognized as major supplernentary needs for
Israel's development. Since the establish-
ment of the first Israel Bond Issue, it has
become an established fact that philanthro-
pic dollars are not enough—that Israel must
begin to develop her economy through in-
vestments and by means of industries which
must look for support to investors, to bond
buyers, to men of initiative who will estab-
lish factories in the Jewish' state.
There. was a temporary, certainly an un-
necessary, halt in bond sales, due to doubts
that arose over the "glamor tactics" of the
previous managers. The bond drives were
established by men who possessed energy
and devotion and who applied both in behalf
of the great project, with the result that
$190,000,000 worth of Israel bonds were
sold prior to the assumption of their duties

by the- new corporation. In Israel's best in-
terests, it now is hoped that the new cor-
poration will be given the unstinted support
of all American Jewish communities.
In Detroit, the drive again will be con-
ducted under the leadership of dedicated
men like Phillip Stollman, who resumes the
local chairmanship. It is urgent that pre-
vious commitments to bond drives should be
paid promptly and that new purchases
should be made by Detroit Jews who under-

Henry IV, "actuated by selfish reasons," permitted Jews who
were compelled to turn Christians in this era to return to their
faith. Godfrey of - Bouillon collected a thousand marks from Mainz
stand the value of investment drives for and Cologne Jewries to defray his expenses, and there were "Jew-
Israel. We strongly urge wholehearted sup- baiters in his army," although. this history contends that most of
the persecutions were over before Godfrey departed for the east.
port for the Israel bond drive.
The "most fanatical pogroms" are attributed to Count Emicho
of Leiningen, the robber bandit with "an evil reputation for
oppression."

Occupational Figures

Interesting_ comparisons in figures on oc-
cupational participation of Jews in Canada,
as contrasted with Canadians of other ori-
gins, are revealed in a study published by
the Canadian Jewish Congress.
The study shows that the average par-
ticipation of Canadians of all origins exceeds
that of the' Jews in Canada in six occupa-
tional groups: services, transportation, con-
struction, unskilled labor, agriculture and
mining, logging and fishing. On the other
hand, Jews exceed the other Canadians' ave-
rage participation in five occupational
groups: trade, manufacture, clerical occupa-
tions, professions, insurance and finance. The
following figures were made known in this
study:

At Metz, in the First Crusade, a few Jews who refused to be
baptised were killed. At Speyer, Bishop John gave asylum to Jews,
but at Worms similar action by the -bishop was ineffective and
At
a broke into . the Episcopal palace and killed all within.
At Mainz, "the Jews who paid the archbishop Ruthard to protect
them seem to have been betrayed.• Their enemies were admitted
to the city two days later and a massacre followed. Later, when
the archbishop was accused of having taken money from the Jews,
he fled without defending himself." At Cologne, upon the arrival
of Emicho, Jewish sources are quoted as stating that Jews found
protection in homes of Christian friends.

When the crusaders reached the Holy City, the massacre in
the Aqsa mosque, when refugees no longer could find protection
under Tancred's banner, was followed by the flight of the Jews
to their chief synagogue. "But the building was set on fire and
they all perished within. When the carnage stopped, the streets
were running with blood, and round the Temple area one stepped
over corpses all the way. The horror of the massacre in the
32.5 per cent of all Jews are engaged in holy city was never forgotten nor forgiven by Islam."
trade (as against 9.2 per cent of all Canadians);
The horrors .of the First were repeated in the Second Crusade,
28.5 per cent in manufacturing (all Canadians:
18.8 per cent) ; 13.1 per cent in clerical occupa- and the historian states: "Unfortunately news soon came of
uprisings stirred against the Jews by the unauthorized preaching
tions (all Canadians: 10.4 per cent) ; 8.6 per of the crusade in northern France around Sully and Carentan by
cent in professions (all Canadians: 6.7 per a Cistercian monk named Rudulf." St. Bernard undertook to
cent) ; and 1.5 per cent in insurance and fi- oppose this sentiment, but while he succeeded at the outset he
nance (all Canadians: 0.9 per cent).
met with considerable opposition from Rudulf in many quarters.
It will be interesting to learn how these
Then came the campaign of Saladin who repulsed the Cru-
figures compare with occupational distribu- saders, "left unmolested the majority of the population, that is
tions of Jews in the United States and the the Moslems, the Jews, and the native Greek and Syrian Chris-
other English-speaking countries. Compar- tia•s." But word soon came of the formation of a new crusade—
able earlier studies may indicate that occu- the Third, to be dealt with in Volume II of this history, whose
pational trends among Jews are along the recapitulation of the events in the Middle Ages must attract
Interest among all history-minded people.
same lines in all free countries.

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