Lover of Liberty, Father of His Country THE JEWISH NEWS Incorporating the Detroit Jewish Chronicle commencing with issue of July 20. 1951 Member American Association of English-Jewish Newspape rs, Michigan Press Association, National Editorial Association Published every Friday by The Jewish News Publishing Co,. 17100 West Seven Mile Road, Detroit 35, Mich., VE. 8-9364 Subscription $4 a year, Foreign $5. Entered as second class matter Aug. 6, 1942, at Post Office, Detroit, Mich., under Act of March 3, 1879 PHILIP SLOMOVITZ Editor and Publisher VOL. XXVI, No. 24 SIDNEY SHMARAK Advertising Manager Page Four FRANK SIMONS City Editor - - February 18, 1955 BROTHERHOOD WEEK Fnbreory 20.27 - Ono Notion Under God". Ito+. ina THE NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF CHRISTIANS ANO JEWS Sabbath Scrip tural Selections This Sabbath., the twenty-seventh. day of Shevat, 5715, the following Scriptural selections win he read in our synagogues: Pentateuchal portion, Ex. 21:1-24:28. Prophetical vnrtion. Jer. 34•8-22; 33:25. 26. Rosh. lIodesh . Adar Pentateuchal reading, Tuesday and *Wednesday, NUM. 2R:1-15. Licht Benshen, Friday, Feb. 18, 5:47 p.m. Brotherhood Week: Human Chain Reaction Adopting' as the theme for the observ- ance of the current Brotherhood Week the Mogan "One Nation Under God," the Na- tional Conference of Christians and Jews .' will supervise the nationwide celebration, Feb. 20-27, f o r Alt% BROTHERHOOD the purpose of giv- iffiest WEEK ing people "an op- 8 57,1 February 20-27 portunity to re-de- "One Nation Under God- dicate themselves as individuals to THE NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF CHRISTIANS AND JEWS the ideals of re- spect for people and human rights." Although this celebration recurs from year to year, during the week that includes Washington's Birthday, it remains a chal- lengine, event. Freedom in the relations among men, . recognition of the naturalness of cultural pluralism,. the justification for competition and rivalry 4nd many more factors emerge as wholesome human elements out of under- standing that comes with true Brotherhood. A -"modern Socratic dialogue" between two men of note, the president of the Na- tional Conference of Christians and Jews, Dr. Everett R. Clinchy, and the Nobel Prize- winning atomic physicist, Dr. Arthur H. Compton, is worth recording as an indica- tion of a human chain reaction that could change the world. Here is the interchange of views between these two men: 11C.SORLD . Dr. Clinchy: The , time has come, it seems to me, when the study of man and the knowledge of society should take their place along with physics and chemistry. And economics will be the science of translating technological gains into that kind of production, distribution, and consumption of goods which best will meet the human family's needs. Philosophy and ethics will perennially work for righteousness in this process. Dr. Compton: The study of history can help. Dr. Clinchy: No one wants to stop the ad-. vancement- of natural sciences, but all should strive to match their gains with .advances in social research. Dr. Compton: In part this is a quantitative task. A century ago there were barely 25 men devoting all their attention to research in phys- ics. Today perhaps 250,000 individuals are en- gaged by governments, indusffies, business per-; sonnel, universities, and private laboratories to find out ever more information and to apply new knowledge to human needs through tech- nology. Dr. Clinchy: Suppose throughout the world 250,000 people would be put to work on research into the facts about man that can . be scienti- fically explored. Then, suppose that 250,000 edu- cators became the social technologists who would investigate and test ways of getting this new knowledge into human experience. And one step more, equally important, suppose 250,000 philosophers, religious teacherS, and dedicated practitioners of •religion would work on the ways and means of investigating the dynamics and moral power of understanding, love, and religi- ous dedication to brotherhood. Dr. Compton: Such a development can come only with cultural pluralism. Cultural progress requires the stimulation that results from indi- vidual freedom of learning, association, exL- pression, and experimentation. As a physicist I can testify that progress is dependent on the varied approaches made by different schools of thought at work in a plural number of free nations, one provoking the other with fresh ideas and rival theories. Cooperation among specialists is a sine qua non of scientific 20og- Tess. . Dr. Clinchy: Brotherhood permits competi- tion and rivalry. Brotherhood means giving to others the same respect and rights you want to keep for yourself. It involves agreeing to disagree agreeably. It is the rule of good sports- manship. It' promises co-existence without ag- gression. Dr. Compton: In atomic chain reaction an atom of uranium splits when a neutron is added. In this fission the atom emits - 2 or 3 neutrons, which are caught by other atoms. In turn, they split, emit more -neUtrons, and others catch them. So the force of a chain reaction accumu- lates. A human chain reaction takes place when an individual gives off the spirit of brotherhood. Others catch it and, in turn, by the creative force of love, they radiate the spirit to. others. And so a..family extends its power to a neigh- borhood; a neighborhood to a nation; a nation to a continent. Individuals can change the world. Ideologically, there is complete accept- ance of these ideas, and there can be no dishgreement in the view that individuals, who approach issues in a spirit of harmony, "can change. the world" — always for the better. There have, however, been exceptions to the rule. Catholics in England have broken the unity by withdrawing from the existing good will movement. Bigots in this country have injected harmful ideas in the human relations' discussions. • Much remains to be done to enlighten people and to guide them in the proper directions in order that the full program of the inter-faith movement may be accepted — and practiced. Brotherhood Week is the occasion for the advancement of this idea. We pray, on the eve of the annual observance of this week, that the full impact of Brotherhodd and inter-faith amity may reach into the hearts of men of all faiths, and that the ideal of good will and true brotherhood may become rooted in all of .,us, regardless of our nationality origins, our racial backgrounds or our religious beliefs. Our Maior Campaign and Its Leaders The impressive annual meeting of the Jewish Welfare Federation served as a sig- nal to the community that the Allied Jewish Campaign will begin before the month is over — at the United Jewish Appeal con- ference in Miami Beach — and that all our resources and all our manpower must be mobilized for the purpose of assuring the success of the 1955 drive. Last week's Federation meeting was replete with revelations. The analytical re- ports showed the remarkable progress at- tained by our community—in behalf of Is- rael as well as in the advancement of our local causes. Marking the completion of five years of presidential services by Samuel H. Rub- iner, there were moving moments at that meeting, when the large gathering.gave an ovation to its president in recognition of his devoted service. Mr. Rubiner's five years of service were eventful. Our school system has progressed, all our agencies were adequately cared for and $12,500,000 was given by our community through the Federation for the upbuilding of Is- rael. This is a record that well deserves commendation, and Mr. Rubiner gets rightful acclaim for his able leadership. It is this type of leadership that has helped make Detroit an outstanding corn- munity. Now, as we enter upon another cam- paign period, we owe it to ourselves and to the causes we serve—to Israel and . to Detroit Jewry—to pool all our forces for this sin- gle, major fund-raising effort, the Allied Jewish Campaign. All other conflicting undertakings should be abandoned and we should avoid introducinc, competing efforts. It is the only way of working together and of assuring the success of the 1955 campaign. Success for the Allied Jewish Cam- paign incorporates the assurance that the United Jewish Appeal will receive funds that are urgently needed to evacuate pogrom-threatened communities in. North Africa and to bring the endangered Jews to Israel. It will mean manpower for Israel whose security depends so vitally upon the protection given its borders by an adequate armed force. The current United Jewish Appeal, to be set into motion at the Miami Beach confer- ence Feb. 25-27,, will be the signal to Detroit Jewry to proceed with its efforts for the 1955, Allied Jewish Campaign. Let it be a signal to all of us for united efforts for the great causes in behalf of Israel, the relief of oppressed Jewries and the very important local movements which combine to make Detroit an outstanding Jewish community. Dr. Kallen's . Thought-Proyoking Essays of Them Which Say They Are Jews' Edited by Dr. Judah Pilch, whose introduction is a deserved tribute to the scholarly attainments of Dr. Horace M. Kallen, "Of Them Which Say They Are Jews" (Bloch) is a collection of Dr. Kallen's thought-provoking "essays on the Jewish struggle for survival." An additional splendid feature of the book is Dr. Milton R. Konvitz's essay, "Horace M. Kallen, Hebraist." Dr. Kallen is properly presented as "a philosopher whose philosophy keeps him in active and responsible participa- tion in the issues of the daily life." The eminent teacher's courage in taking up the struggle for Jewish survival "amid the realities of the present-day world" will be applauded upon reading this splendid collection. "To Kallen," Dr. Pilch states, "the ideal of assimilation is . . . totally un- worthy. As an American, he recognizes Dr. Kallen that assimilation would be detrimental not only to American Jews but to our country." "Hebraisni" as an ideal—as the ideal of Dr. Kallen—as "the core and course of the lives of Jews throughout history"—as "the core - And course of the lives of Americans and of all free peoples"—is len's Hebraisni : analyzed by Prof. Konvitz, who describes Dr. Kal also as "pragmatism or humanism." Dr. Kallen's essays must be studied, read and re-read, for an appreciation of the ideas and principles attributed to him. There is an interesting explanation of various conversionist experiences. There was little conversion in the United States compared with other lands, he indicates, and makes this interesting comment: "Heine and Disraeli were 'converts whose conversion appeared to have freed them, each in his own way, to exalt that which they had converted from. Most converts, however, found it necessary to justify their turning, not by a freed appreciation, but by a greater than conventionally Christian hatred; and conversely, most Judaists regard shmad as the ultimate betrayal and the ineshumed as the most corrupted of men." He warns against "fragmentation," exposes the fallacies of assimilation, dissects anti-Semitic trends, shows the existence of a Marxist anti-Semitism rid indicates the existence of anti-: Semitism not only of the' Christian Socialists but alsO of "Jewish and non-Jewish communists." "Jewish self-hatred," too, comes in for excoriation. - Conversely, he describes the "peculiar identification of Jews with democratic ideals" and points out that a phrase "ever in the mouth of Hitler and his apostles is "degenerate Jewish democracy." The selection of essays in this volume is commendable. There is a very instructive department on Jewish education, the opening essays on modernity and survival, and a thrilling section, "Appraisals and memories," in which the eminent scholar pays tribute to Louis D. Brandeis, with whom he had worked closely in the Zionist movement, Judge Julian W. (erroneously referred to as William in the list of contents) Mack; Stephen S. Wise and Ben Rosen. There is a tribute to a great Living scientist—Albert Einstein. "Of Them Which Say They Are Jews" is a remarkably fine book. It serves to keep alive the affection of his many admirers for Dr. Horace M. Kallen. Alsops' Expose of .Oppenheimer Case The famous Oppenheimer Case is the subject of thorough scrutiny by two noted c o 1 u nil. n i s t s, Joseph and Stewart Alsop, in the sensational "We Accuse!—The Story of the Miscar- riage of American Justice in the Case of J. RObert Oppenheimer,* published by Simon and Schuster (630 5th, NY20). The title ex- plains the authors' approach. They point to the obsessions which have afflicted many people in government when dealing with secret documents and-with security problems and they indicate how such obsessions often lead to injustice. The Alsops conclude that the Oppenheimer Case has disgraced not Dr. Oppenheimer but "the high name of American freedom," and they express the hope that "good may yet come" from this disgrace,—just as the ugliest forces - in France "broke their teeth and their power on their own sordid handiwork in the Dreyfus case." Outlining Dr. Oppenheimer's background, the Alsops point to the liberal attitude of his family, to its household that was "im- bued with a rabbinical respect for the things of the mind, and with the hope of progress made all the sweeter by the memory of dark things left behind, that so often distinguish Jews of their sort in that simpler and better time." Dr. Oppenheimer's interest in politics, they assert, "was stimulated by Hitler's persecution of the Jews in Germany. where he still had relatives whom he helped later to escape."