Arab Israel Peace Predicted by Hamm rskjold

Continued from Page 1

Whether additional funds besides the $130,-
000,000 cited for the Near East would be af-
forded Israel is as yet unclear, although it is
known that other allocations are being simul-
taneously asked for mutual defense assistance.
mutual defense support, and technical coopera-
tion. Whether the latter categories will be avail-
able to Israel is not known although it is assumed
that Israel should -benefit from technical cooper-
ation funds.
The F.O.A. made it known that the Arab
states and Israel have been informed that the
United States "in assessing the needs of indivi-
dual countries for assistance, will give consider-
able weight to the degree to which there is a
willingness to cooperate in the solution of re-
gional problems such as the use of the waters of
the Jordan basin on a regional basis."
F.O.A. reported that it found it "encourag-
ing" to note that the water development plan
submitted by Presidential representative Eric
Johnston "is being seriously studied and ap-
praised by the interested countries."
These facts were revealed when the F.O.A.
issued a regional narrative statement explaining
its ideas on the assistance program in the Near
East for the fiscal year of. 1955. The report
stated that the Israel Government has taken
"extraordinary measures" in recent months to
put its economy on an orderly basis.
Ambassador Abba Eban of Israel called at-
tention to current press reports which he said
contained inaccuracies about American economic
aid to his country for the fiscal years of 1954
and 1955. He predicted that the true. status of
the aid situation will be clarified in the next
few days.
He said . this following a lengthy discussion
on economic and other matters with Henry A.
Byroade, Assistant Secretary of State for Near
Eastern Affairs, as the State Department. The
Ambassador revealed that so far in the fiscal
year of 1954, Israel has received $39,000,000 and
that the program for the fourth quarter is in
its final stages.

adopted as it stood, and there would be general
discussion on the issues involved.

UN Secretary-General Says
Arab-Israel Dispute Will Be Solved

WASHINGTON, (JTA) — Asked if he felt
there was really any hope of ending the Arab-
Israel problem, United Nations Secretary Gen-
eral Dag Hammarskjold told the National Press
Club he thought this question reflected a pessim-
ism which he did not find justified.
Mr. Hammerskjold added that while the
United Nations has "a long way to go" to solve
the Arab-Israel dispute he saw no reason not
to have hope of ultimate success.

F.O.A. Reports on Aid to Near East;
No Figures on Israel

-

WASHINGTON, (JTA) — The Foreign Op-
erations Administration made known in testi-
mony before the House Foreign Affairs Corn-
mittee that development assistance funds re-
quests have been programmed to include ap-
proximately $130,000,000 for the Near East
which must be divided among Iran, Israel and
the Arab states.
Norman S. Paul, FOA regional director for
the Office of Near East, South Asia and Africa
Operations, made this information public but did
not break down the total figure to show how
much Israel or any other country in the Near
East would receive individually.
FOA sources said that while aid to Israel was
to be continued, the program in that country
would decline because of the success of previous
operations and that not as much money would
be spent there as previously. On the other hand,
it was noted that aid for the Arabs will be
slightly increased as the degree of need indicates.
Israel and the Arab states were character-
ized as countries in which the problems are ra-
pidly changing and for that reason government
officials feel it would be wiser not to specify at
this time any specific amount for Israel or in-
dividual Arab states.

Purely Commentary

By PHILIP SLOMOVITZ

Needed—'Courage and Perseverance' in Immigration Revisions
An editorial plea in the New York Herald Tribune for the
revision of the McCarran-Walter immigration act, accompanied
by an endorsement of the bill introduced by nine Republican
Senators and Representatives, asserts that-the proposed changes
"would go far to redress the glaring imperfections of this highly
controversial law." The editorial asserts that some of the provi-
sions in the new bill "are in line with proposals made by the
President in his 1953 State of the Union message; others are
intended to correct inequities which have aroused widespread
criticism." The editorial then proceeds to make the following
observations:

"Among other benefits, the new bill would set up definite
standards for the issuance of visas; bar Fascist immigrants
along with Communists; alter the present unfair regulations
governing the deportation of aliens, and eliminate quota provi-
sions discriminatory toward Asiatic and colonial peoples. The
quota system in general would be radically altered by substitu-
tion of the 1950 census for the 1920 as a base and by a provision
that the unused portions of any year'S quotas be shared by
nations with small allotments.
"Unfortunately, Sen. Watkins, of Utah, chairman of the im-
migration subcommittee of the Senate Judiciary Committee, has
already indicated that the bill will have a chilly reception from
him and from other lawmakers. Last August he wrote the Pres-
ident that the refugee act of 1953, authorizing the entry of
214,000 extra-quota aliens, went as far as Congress was prepared
to go in action on immigration. After a three-month survey of
immigration act operations abroad, the Senator stood by his
position, adding that a majority in Congress would oppose any
change until the need for change had been established from
actual operation of the act. This strong opposition, confirmed
by Sen. Watkins' most recent statement, shows that friends of
the bill will need courage and perseverance in their fight."
In a sense, this appeal for equity and justice is a challenge to
the Republican Party, perhaps to the President himself. There

has been much talk about revision of the unjust portions of the
McCarran-Walter Act, but no action.
But the most disturbing element in this entire struggle is
alluded to in the final paragraph in the above quoted editorial.
The chilliness of Sen. Watkins' attitude is, unfortunately, the rule
rather than the exception in Senatorial stubborness on many
issues, especially the one represented by the existing immigration
act. The need for "courage and perseverance" is so evident that
its very requirement represents a sad status in present clay politi-
cal conditions in this country. Indeed, the fight against stubborn
and reactionary elements is not an easy one.

-

Mrs. Faber, 84, Blind,
Aids IVIo'os Hitim Fund

Although 84 and totally blind,
Mrs. Sarah Faber made one of
the outstanding contributions
to the 1 9 5 4
Mo'os Hitim
und, for aid of
Passover needy,
b y personally
collecting t h e
sum of $ 2 0 0
among her
friends., She
presented t h i s
sum at the last
meeting of the
Detroit Mo'os
Hitim Commit-
Mrs. Faber tee, and was
commended for her efforts by
Harry Cohen, chairman, and his
associates. Thanks also were
extended to Mrs. Abe Katzman,
Mrs. Joseph Markel, Edward
Robinson, David Zack and Mor-
ris Gould who headed the soli-
. citation committee. Contribu-
tions, to augment the fend,
which aided 700 families this
Passover, still can be made to
Harry Cohen, 7303 McNichols, or
Harry M. Shulman, treasurer,
2651 Webb. Mr. and Mrs. Shul-
man were among the leaders
who spearheaded the Mo'os
Hitim effort this year.

End of Arab Boycott Seen as
Imperative for . Middle East Peace

NEW YORK, (JTA) — Peace in the Middle
East will have little meaning, according to Dr.
Dov Joseph, Israel Minister of Development, un-
less the Arab nations "call off their systematic
and intensive economic war against Israel."
Dr. Joseph addressed a conference here on
behalf of bonds for Israel. He warned that Mid-
dle East peace "does not mean merely the cessa-
tion of repeated and almost daily attacks and
border infiltrations against Israel." The Arabs,
he declared, must end their economic boycott
against Israel, and Egypt must end its blockade
of Israel-bound shipping that must go through
the Suez Canal.
The United States Government was called
upon to prevail upon the Arab states to enter
into direct negotiations with Israel in a resolu-
tion unanimously adopted at a large emergency
rally held under the auspices of the Manhattan
Region of the Zionist Organization of America.
The Executive Committee of the American
Jewish Congress, meeting here, charged that
"the failures of American policy in the Middle
East have been frighteningly underscored by the
events of the past few months," and urged the
United States Government to undertake a "funda-
mental re-appraisal of American policy in the
Middle East, however agonizing that re-appraisal
may be in some quarters."
Re-examination of American polic y, the
American Jewish Congress said, should be direct-
ed toward at least three ends: 1. The initiation
of direct peace talks .between Israel and the
Arabs in the conflict "which has reached a point
of acute danger." 2. The ending of Arab eco-
nomic boycotts and blockades against Israel
"which not only impair Israel growth and devel-
opment but which thwart any advance in the
living standards and economic progress of the
whole region," and 3. The launching of projects
for the fullest utilization of the water, power
and other resources of the area for the common
benefit of all groups.

Between You and Me

By BORIS SMOLAR

(Copyright, 1954, Jewish Telegraphic Agency)

U. N. Moods
Middle East experts in the United Nations see a silver lining
in the present Arab-Israel crisis and in Moscow's siding with the
Arabs against Israel . .. They believe that this crisis will lead to
direct Arab-Israel talks, as requested by Israel . . . Whether these
talks will take place in Jerusalem under UN auspices, or in a sub-
committee of the Security Council would make little difference,
they opine . . . It is clear to them that matters have reached a
point where the Western Powers must step into the Arab-Israel
situation if the U. S. and Britain don't want to lose ground in the
Middle East to Russia . . Several of theSe experts, who are thor-
oughly acquainted with the Palestine situation, disagree complete-
ly with the pessimistic opinion that no peace can be achieved be-
tween the Arab states and Israel, They point to the fact that
no real effort has been made since 1949 when the Arab-Israel
armistice agreement was signed „ . The tendency since then,
they say, has been to let things drift instead of promoting meas-
ures which would improve relations between the Israelis and the
Arabs . This is now being utilized by Moscow to stimulate the
Arabs to increased aggression against Israel . . . That the Krem-
lin's efforts in this direction will have to be checked by the Unit-
ed States and Britain goes without saying . . < UN experts predict
that important steps both inside and outside the UN will soon be
taken by the Western Powers to counteract Moscow's campaign ,
Among other things, these experts foresee rectification of the
present Arab-Israel borders even though negotiations to this ef-
fect may drag 6n for a long time „ . They also indicate that in
private conversations it is admitted that the old partition plan is
defunct . . . Most important of all is their conduction that the
Soviet veto has ended the period when the Palestine ouestion
could be left hanging in the air, halfway between war and peace,
and may force the kind of act-ion that has not been taken since
1949.
Economic Trends
More than 250,000 bottles of Israel wine were sold in the
United States this Passover „ 0 For the first time in 20 years
JNF to Issue Special
Passover wine was shipped from Israel to Germany this season.
Mother's Day Certificate . . . As recently as two years ago Israel was importing bottles
for beer and dairy products from the United States ... Israel was
The Jewish National Fund even buying American beer in order to obtain the bottles . To-
Council of Detroit announces day Israel is not only able to satisfy all the country's needs for
that it is again prepared to issue glass products, but is even beginning to export them . . Orders
Tree Certificates in honor of have already been fulfilled for the U. S. and Turkey to the satis-
Mothers on Mother's Day, which faction of the buyers ... They-include not only bottles, but also
occurs this year on May 9. Cer- small penicilin vials about one million vials monthly . < Israel
tificates for trees planted in is now in a position to produce about 50 per cent of all heavy
Israel at $1.50 per tree can now and light agricultural equipment and tools the country needs .
be ordered from the Jewish Na- Until now all such equipment has been imported from the United
tional Fund office, TO. 8 7384, States . . . Encouraging signs of Israel's growing export trade
or through JNF tree chairmen have been marred by new difficulties in Israel's trade agreements
of affiliated organizations.
with France and Turkey < .. France is dissatisfied with the fact
"'Honor Thy Mother .. 2 by that Israel buys all her equipment in Germany in the framework
planting trees in her name, and of reparations payments . She also disapproves of the . re-sale
at the same time helping in the of German goods to France by Israel( even though this helps
redemption of the soil of Israel, France improve her trade balance with Germany and increase
has come to be looked upon as her exports to Israel) . . . The French object to the fact that Is-
the,most befitting form of show- rael orders railway engines riVITI Germany and not from France.
ing devotion and respect to par-
. . Turkey also is unhappy because of the re-sale of Turkish,
ents," said David Silver, presi- cotton by Israel to Italy at a price lower than that which Turkey
dent of the JNF Council.
sells on the Italian market ... Other difficulties have also been,
encountered for the same reasons with the renewal of trade agree-
4—DETROIT JEWISH NEWS ments with Finland . . . As a result, Turkish and Finnish import-

—

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Henry A. Byroade and the Council for Judaism
Henry A. Byroade, Assistant Secretary of State for Near
Eastern Affairs, spoke bluntly to both Arabs and Jews in a recent
address in Dayton. It was believed that he was a bit harsher to
Israel. Granted that his position is a logical one, we are neverthe-
less disturbed by the fact that at the end of the month he is to
be the featured speaker at the annual meeting of the small
fraction of Jews—the Council for Judaism—in Philadelphia.
Mr. Byroade has the opportunity, of course, to advise the
small group of anti-Israel-anti-Zionist Jews, whose actions have
bordered on anti-Semitism, to be rational. We await anxiously
the text of his address with the hope that he will not lend
comfort to Israel's and Jewry's enemies—even if they are them-

—

selves Jews.

Friday, April 23, 1954

Ors' ba,Ve been: reftised Iiriport 'licenses for Israel goods.

