U. . Agricultural Expert Gives Israel
New Goal in Licking Farm Problems
DETROIT JEWISH NEWS-
Friday, April 16, 1954
►
By NURA LASKY
Black, a. veteran Virginia farm-
er.
Dr. Black, a former U.S. Chief
of Agricultural Economics and
Governor of the Farm Credit
Administration, has been in Is-
rael two years as head of the
FAO Mission of the United Na-
tions.
Dr. Black's 53 - page report
aims at laying down how plan-
ning must be done, and sug
gests vital changes of polio;
which must be adopted. He help
ed draft the new Seven-Yea:
Development Plan which, to hi 3
mind, is more realistic than an r
previous blueprint because it i
the first to take into account th
fact that the majority of Israel'
farmers are inexperienced anc I
that, therefore, miracles canna
be expected.
Goal Must Be Entrenchment
The goal suggested by Dr
Black must be improvement o
existing settlements, establish - •
ment of larger units and empha - .
sis on raising rather what i
needed in the country's econo - •
my, than what "grows easily'
and brings good returns.
Among Dr. Black's 25 recom-
mendations are many, whicl ;
make some of the Israeli expert
blush. His criticism points tc
negligence, as well as inexperi-
ence.
Anybody who travels acros s
the country and keeps his eyes
open knows that the battle
against weeds is being fought
half-heartedly and that little is
done to prevent soil erosion.
Corners of fields, where tractors
don't reach, are often left -un-
touched, while manual or animal
labor could do the job. There is
over-irrigation in some areas be-
cause water is inexpensive.
Until well into 1952, a shortage
of foodstuffs coupled with a
comparative abundance of cash
brought easy revenue to farm-
ers. They did not have to work
extremely hard for a living, since
they could get rid of their prod-
ucts without difficulty, even if
of inferior quality. This led to
a relatively high income despite
low productivity.
Suggests 'Quality' Incentives
Dr. Black warns that: the
farmer's income is bound to drop
sharply, and urges that meas-
ures be taken to solve the eco-
nomic and social problems which
will obviously ensue, particularly
if many more people are to be
urged to settle on the land dur-
ing the next few years.
He suggests that by offering
incentives for above-norm pro-
I ductivity and high quality prod-
ucts, rather than by automatic
distribution of sub s i d i e s, the
farmer's revenue will be deter-
mined by his ability and zeal,
and the quality of output will
rise.
The expert's advice has not
fallen on deaf ears. Aware of
their lack of experience, Israel's
agricultural leaders and agrarian
economists have welcomed the
criticism and begun acting on it-
immediately. For the first time,
a foreign expert's report was
translated into Hebrew and dis-
tributed among Knessett mem-
bers, to prepare them for a de-
bate on agricultural develop-
ment.
Best Wishes for a Happy Passover
To Our Friends and Patrons
independence food - wise and
(Copyright, 1954, JTA, Inc.)
JERUSALEM—An entirely new avoid a sharp lowering of the
approach toward planning Is- farmer's living standards, is ad-.
rael's agricultural development, vocated in a detailed survey con-
to bring the country closer to eluded recently by Prof. A. G.
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