Under Discussion. A human Issue

THE JEWISH NEWS

Incorporating the Detroit Jewish Chronicle commencing with issue of July 20. 1951

meriean Association of &iglish-Jewish Newspapers, Michigan Press Association.
Jewish News Publishing Co., 17100 West Seven Mile Road, Detroit 35. Mich., VE. 8-9364
Pumoshen every Friday
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entered a< second class matter Aug. 6, 1942. at Post Office, Detroit. Mich., under Act of March 3, 1879

PHILIP SLOMOVITZ
Editor and Publisher

VOL. XXIV. No. 21

SIDNEY SHMARAK
Advertising Manager

Page 4

FRANK SIMONS
City Editor

January 29, 1954

Sabbath Scriptural Selections

This Sabbath, the twenty-sixth day of Shevat, 5714, the following Scriptural selections will

be read in our synagogues:

Pentateuchal portion, Ex. 21:1-24:1& Prophetical portion, Jer.• 34:8-22; 33:25,26.

Selections for Rosh Hodesh Adar R.ishon, Wednesday and Thursday, NUM. 28:9-15.

Licht Benshen, Friday, Jan. 29, 5:28 p.m.

Peace-Lovers vs. Hate-Mongers in Middle East

In spite of Israel's serious efforts to induce her neighbors to discuss permanent
peace in the Middle East, the problem of war and peace has become much more aggra-
vated. The Arab League is instigating the Moslem peoples to war. Jordan refuses to engage
in direct talks with the Jewish state and the United Nations is being placed in an embar-
rassing position by the intransigence of the Arabs.
It is important, therefore, that the Middle East situation should be reviewed and
that the facts should be established as to who wants war and who seeks peace.
Here is a comparative analysis of the attitudes of the contending parties in the area
that continues to be threatened by war:
Arab States
Israel

ISRAEL DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE:
We extend our hand in peace and neigh-
borliness to all the neighboring states and their
peoples, and invite them to cooperate with the
independent Jewish nation for the common
good of all. The State of Israel is prepared to
make its contribution to the progress of the
Middle East as a whole.
(May 14, 1948)
DAVID BEN-GUR.ION, Premier of Israel:
We are not seeking any military adventures.
We want peace for several reasons. First, we
want peace for its own sake. We know what
war is like. Second, we need peace to build up
the country and settle more immigrants. Third,
we want' to play our part in. developing the
whole area and bringing to it a better life.
(May 10, 1953)
We are a small and young state, and al-
though we knew how to defend ourselves when
we were attacked five years ago by the Arab
states; we do not wish under any circumstances
to base our relations with our neighbors on
force and the use of arms.
Like all past Jewish generations, we have
faith in the vision of peace of the Prophets of
Israel, in the supremacy of justice and in
equality between men and between peoples.
(Oct. 19, 1953)
MOSHE SHARETT, Foreign Minister of Israel:
The pulling down of artificial barriers and
full interstate cooperation can only help con-
e-,-uctive forces to prevail and create wide-
spread stability and contentmett. Peace could
usher in a new era of dynamic progress.
Support of such a policy by the United
States does not entail a partisan attitude. It is
a policy dictated by paramount international
considerations. The choice before the United
Nations does not necessarily lie between a pro-
Israel and pro-Arab orientation. Friendship to-
ward one side is fully compatible with friend-
ship toward another.
(April 10, 1953)
YITZHAK BEN-ZVI, President of Israel:
The establishment of a true and lasting
peace in the Middle East, the security and eco-
nomic development of this vast region, as well
as the social and cultural development of the
peoples that dwell therein, are of very real
and earnest concern to the government of Is-
rael, and you may rest assured that we _shall
continue to do what lies in our power to con-
tribute to the achievement of these ends.
(May •1, 1953)
ABBA EBAN, Ambassador of Israel:
My government continues to uphold the
vision .of a Middle East at peace within itself,
uniting the efforts of its two kindred peoples
to heal the wounds of aggressive violence and
reawaken the rich potentialities of the region
for political, economic and cultural progress.
(Nov. 29, 1953)

SAUD IBN ABDUL AZIZ, King of Saudi Arabia:
Saudi Arabia regards "Israel gangs" as "ag-
gressors and enemies."
(Nov. 10, 1953)
HUSSEIN, King of Jordan:
Jordan's policy will continue to be "no peace
with Israel." No solution of this problem is
possible if it does not fulfill Arab aims . . . We
shall not make any concessions whatsoever
concerning the rights of refugees from Pales-
tine and their lands.
(Nov. 2, 1953)
ABDUL KHALEK HASSOUNA, Secretary
General, Arab League:
We of the Arab world, while also aware of
the threat of Communism in our way of life,
are nevertheless more immediately and directly
concerned about the threat of further Zionist
aggression
(Nov. 3, 1953)
MOHAMMED NAGUIB, Premier of Egypt:
We shall not waste our time. We shall pre-
pare ourselves from now on, morally and physi-
cally. Have patience! I do not say so out of
negligence, but I want to carry out your de-
sire in secret. I want to assure you that all of
us never cease to think of Palestine. We have
to act and prepare for the day when our hopes
will be fulfilled.
(April 13, 1953) -
Peace with Israel will only increase this
danger, since she will be able to crush the
Arab countries en masse. The only solution is
Israel's disappearance.
(June, 1953)
COL. ADIB SHISHAKLI, Prime Minister
of Syria:
We hope that the success of the movement
(Arab Liberation Movement) and the accom-
plishment of its objectives will bring about the
restoration of Arab grandeur and every - occu-
pied Arab country will be restored to its owners.
(Nov., 1952)
AHMED SHUKEIRY, Assistant Secretary
General of the Arab League:
It is painful that the condition of the
Arabs in 1949 permitted the establishment of
Israel, but their condition this year, when signs
of a new awakening have become evident; will
bring about the restoration of justice and of
the Palestinian fatherland to its owners in the
near future.
(June 28, 1953)
THE FOREIGN MINISTER OF SYRIA:
The Arab states are placed under the threat
of extinction as long as there lives in the heart
of the Arab World that aggressive gang called
Israel . . We shall not rest until we eliminate
that gang from the country it is trying to turn
into a fortress for itself . . . This country will
only serve as a grave for that gang.
(May 9, 1953)

There is nothing mysterious about these statements. They are a matter of record and
the UN authorities, and all UN member nations, know all about these utterances.
On the basis of the established facts, it is of the utmost importance that all who seek
peace should pursue it and strive for the creation of amity in the Middle East. A firm stand
by the major powers in the United Nations will help towards the attainment of the peace
goal. But the UN and its member nations must first make it known that they will refuse
to be intimidated by adverse sentiments and by efforts to destroy peace and to encourage
war.

In the meantime, a most serious issue dominates the horizon: that involving the arm-
ing of Arab states to the exclusion of Israel. Such acts may mean almost certain war—
with Israel doomed to helplessness.
Israel's Ambassador to the U.S., Abba Eban, found it necessary to point out to Sec-
retary of State John Foster Dulles that there is "no precedent" in relations among civilized
nations for the type of statement made recently by the Saudian King, who threatened
to sacrifice as many as 10,000,000 of the 50,000,000 Arabs to destroy Israel.
Will the world's major powers make note of latest incidents, of threats to destroy
Israel, of the movement to provide arms for those who seek to annihilate the small Jewish
state?
This is a major issue. Not only the United Nations, but more especially the great powers
which guide the UN — especially our own country, Great Britain and France — a r e
directly responsible for world peace, and the first task is to restore amity in the Middle
East. Israel is ready and willing, and her adversaries must be induced to meet the chal-
lenge for peace and to join in repudiating any talk of war.

Eugene Lyons' Report on Russia

'Jews More Brutally Hit by

Bolsheviks Than By Others'

Eugene Lyons, senior editor of Reader's Digest, former editor
of American Mercury and United Press Moscow correspondent from
1928 to 1934, has written and lectured extensively on Russia and
world communism and is considered an authority on the subject.
In his latest book, "Our Secret Allies: The Peoples of Russia," he
evaluates conditions in the USSR and explains his belief that com-
munism's strongest opponent is to be found among the Russian
people themselves.
In his new book, published by Duell, Sloan and Pearce and
Little, Brown Co. (34 Beacon St., Boston 6), he points to the ten-
sions within the Kremlin and offers the hope that an alliance
with the Russian peoples over the heads of their dictators will
help end the communist dictatorship.
He expressed the view that "the inner Russian man is still
whole," that: "The scars inflicted by Soviet upbringing and ex-
perience are big and ugly, but they are largely on the surface.
When the whole story is told, as one day it must, we shall have
reason for pride in our secret allies. Let us hope that they, in turn,
will have reason for 'pride in our understanding of their plight
and our determination to cooperate with them for the overthrow
of the Soviet regime."
Mr. Lyons offers interesting explanations for the anti-Semitic
acts of communists. He states that in an attempt to cure the
people of their wartime love for the democracies they instituted
a drive against "cosmopolitanism," and "the culprits, it turned
out, were mostly Jews." While they were not liquidated "frankly
as Jews, the anti-Semitic stench . . . was too strong to be missed."
"Anti-Semitism in Soviet Russia tended to rise and fall almost
in direct ratio to the sufferings of the population," he . asserts.
While the Soviet, in their first 20 years, fought anti-Semitism,
Mr. Lyons charges:
"The irony of the fact is that on the whole the Jews had
been more brutally hit by the Bolshevik innovations than any
other group in the country. Having been barred from agricul-
ture, they were necessarily shopkeepers, peddlers, artisans em-
ploying a few apprentices. This made them 'capitalists' and
`bourgeois elements' by Bolshevik definition, subject to perse-
cution and virtual outlawry. When private trade was restored
under Nep, they naturally went into it with great zeal and often.
great success. With the suppression of Nep, they found them-
selves double blacklisted, as pre-1917 capitalists and as Soviet
Nepmen. It was estimated that in the early 1930's fully half the
Jewish families were classified as `disfranchised'—lishentsi—de-
prived of nearly all social and human rights."
The Kremlin, Mr. Lyons asserts, continued to combat overt anti-
Semitism until 1938, but then, slowly, "the government itself be-
came anti-Semitic." Jews were removed from their posts, limita-
tions were placed on Jews in schools, and during the 22 months
of the Berlin-Moscow pact of friendship this trend deepened.
Xenophobia increased and Jews were declared " 'rootless, pass-
portless' creatures with an alleged hankering for the fleshpots of
Wall Street and Tel Aviv who .must be 'hounded out of Soviet
life.' )1
Berating those who spoke well of Russia, Mr. Lyons makes
this statement: "In 1945, when bright schoolboys knew better,
Henry Morgenthau, Jr., Secretary of the Treasury, could write
that 'there has never been advanced any reasonable grounds for
supposing that America is really menaced by Russia or the spread
of communism.' "
Holding to the view that the communists are an element that
took possession of Russia by force, Mr. Lyons declares that "Lenin,
Trotsky and their cohorts did not overthrow czarism. What they
overthrew was the first democratic society in Russian history, set
up after a popular revolution eight months earlier—a revolution
that itself was the climax of many generations of struggle, echica.-
ton, preparation and heroism."
This interesting and revealing book shows how "a fierce
struggle for leadership had begun within the dictatorship even
before the paralyzed Lenin breathed his last . . . Stalin came out
on top, gathering into his fists more power than any czar had
ever exercised. The nightmare foreseen by Count Leo Trotsky—•
despotism with a telephone, despotism armed with the might of
modern science—had come true."
Much light is thrown on many problems posed by communism,
including the Igor Gouzenko issue, in Eugene Lyons' "Our Secret
Allies," which will be read and studied with keen interest by al
seeking the light on the communist menace.

