Lawyers Cite Egyptian Suez Blockade
As Violation of International Rules

A study which concludes that
Egypt's blockade of the Suez
Canal runs counter to its obli-
gations arising from interna-
tional conventions and practices
and the Egyptian-Israel Armis-
tice Agreement, as well as its
obligations as a member of the
United Nations, was presented
by the Lawyers Committee on
Blockades to Ambassador Henry
Cabot Lodge, Jr., head of the
United States Mission to the
United Nations and president
for June of the Security Council.
According to Haim Margalith,
chairman of the Committee on
Treaties of the Consular Law
Society, who is heading the
Lawyers Committee on Block-
ades, the study was initiated
shortly after the Security Coun-
cil, in the summer of 1951, de-
voted several weeks to a thor-
ough discussion of the problems
involved. The committee's con-
clusions are based on its analy-
sis of these problems from a le-
gal point of view.
The sponsoring committee is
composed primarily of members
of the New York Bar who are
interested in the field of inter-
national law and in the work of
the United Nations. A number
of distinguished international
lawyers, jurists and professors
of law served on an advisory
panel for the study.
Summary
In its detailed analysis of the
blockade, the Lawyers' Commit-
tee stated:

Egypt's interference with the passage
of goods through the Suez Canal
runs counter to:
a. The Suez Canal Convention of
1888.
b. The Egyptian-Israel General Arm-
istice Agreement.
e. The Charter of the United Nations.
el. Decisions of Organs of the United
Nations.
The failure of members of the
United Nations to accept and carry
out the decisions of the Security
Council. as required by Article 25
of the Charter. can only lead to a
weakening of the Organization as an
instrument for the preservation of
peace.
The situation described in the pres-
ent study calls for action to reduce
tension in the Middle East and to
prevent a threat to the peace from
developing in that', area.

MILLHINS

OF : BOTTLES soak':
ItGES T

Noted Scholars on TV Program

we put
our

Termination of the blockade of the
Suez Canal would constitute a step
toward peace in which Egypt itself
has made its interest known. and
which is vital for the welfare of its
own people as well as for the wel-
fare of the people§ of the entire
region.
In the event an early settlement of
the controversy is not reached. and
Egypt persists in interfering with
the passage of goods through the
Suez Canal. appropriate steps ought
to be taken by the Security Council
with a view to implementing its
resolution of September 1. 1951."

beans
together

Present Status

Egypt originally imposed the
blockade early in 1948, when Is-
rael and Egypt were engaged in
hostilities. It has continued the
blockade throughout the period
of the Armistice Agreement
which was concluded between
Egypt and Israel on Feb. 24,
1949, and is still in effect.
Egypt has refused to be bound
by a resolution of the Security
Council calling upon it to ter-
minate the blockade, and has
continued to restrict traffic to
Israel, visiting and searching
ships of various nationalities in
transit through the Canal, seiz-
ing and condemning commodi-
ties found aboard that by de-
cree have been defined as con-
traband.

and came up with a
great new flavor idea

CHOCOLATE

Two of America's distinguished men of letters, MAURICE
SAMUEL (left), well-known author and MARK VAN DOREN, pro-
fessor of English at Columbia University, will present a modern
reinterpretation of the Biblical Joseph story on the "Words We
Live By" radio series during the summer months, according to
Dr. Louis Finkelstein, Chancellor of the Jewish Theological Semin-
ary of America, which conducts the program. "Words We Live By,"
the summer replacement for the award-winning Eternal Light
series, will be broadcast on ten consecutive Sundays, July 5 through
Sept. 6, 12:30-1 p.m., EDST, on a coast-to-coast NBC network.
Thomas Mann's "Joseph and His Brothers," (published by Alfred
Conventions and Practices
The original concession grant- A. Knopf), will provide the basis for the 10-week discussion series.
ed in 1856 to the French-con- Mr. Samuel and Prof. Van Doren will analyze the Biblical story
trolled company that built the and point up its meaning for the 20th century man.

Suez Canal stipulated that it
should be open to all vessels at
all times. -
In 1875 the British Govern-
ment bought the Khedive's
shares of the Suez Canal com-
pany, representing nearly half
of all shares issued, and grad-
ually assumed responsibility for
the protection of the Canal.
After Britain had suppressed the
revolt led by Arabi Pasha
against the Khedive and occu-
pied Egypt in 1884, it initiated
negotiations that culminated in
1888 in the signing at Constan-
tinople of the "Convention Re-
specting the Free Navigation of
the Suez Maritime Canal." This
was subsequently ratified by the
principal European powers in-
terested in the Canal, including
Turkey, of which Egypt was
nominally still a part.
The convention provided that
the Canal "shall always be free
and open in time of war as in
time of peace, to every vessel of
commerce or of war, without
distinction of flag . . . the Canal
shall never be subjected to the
exercise of the right of block-
ade."
Egypt succeeded to Turkey's
obligations with respect to the
Canal after it became independ-
ent of Turkey. The 1936 Treaty
of Alliance between Great Bri-
tain and Egypt reaffirmed the
international status of the
Canal.

VANILLA

ICE CREAM

by

New Yorker Heads New Israel Development Firm

chocolates

NEW YORK, (JTA)—A new that a total of 96,960 shares of

corporation known as Israel In-
vestors, Inc., has been organized
to promote investments in the
economic development of Israel.
Edwin Goldwasser, of New York,
is president.
The registration statement
filed with the Securities and Ex-
change Commission indicates

cise the right of visit, search
and seizure for legitimate self-
defense. It called upon Egypt
to terminate the restrictions on
the passage of international
commercial shipping and goods
through the Suez Canal wher-
ever bound and to cease all in-
terference with such shipping
beyond that essential to the
safety of shipping in the Canal
itself and to the observance of
the international conventions in
force.
Nevertheless, Egypt continues
to enforce the restrictions on
the passage of ships and goods
through the Suez Canal.

common stock is being offered
for sale for a total capitalization
of $10,000,400. The cost of a
share of stock in Israel Inves-
tors, Inc., is payable in $115 cash
or $100 in State of Israel Inde-
pendence Bonds and the balance
of $15 in cash. •

Here's a subtle new blend of tfut
coffee bean and the vanilla bean
that's unlike anything you've ever,
tasted before unless it reamindi

1953 BUICK SPECIAL
$2301.30

At all Barton's Detroit stores

Delivered Complete. This price In-
cludes directional signals, State sales
tax and license .
oil for $2301.30.

See or Call

Jack
Markowitz

you, perhaps, of the delicate icing
on a French pastry. les light anti

lavish . luxuriously continental
in Barton's famous manner.

AND SIX OTHER FLAVORS

19131 Livernois at 7 Mile
7541 W. McNichols cor. Lilac
18936 Wyoming at 7 Mile
i
".
13210 Dexter near Davison
11563 Dexter at Burlingame
136 W. Lafayette near City Hall
Grand River corner Griswold
14259 Grotiot at 7 Mile

Famous for
Continental
Chocolates and
Continental
Ice Cream

Today
For Further
Details

at

BUICK RETAIL
STORE

At Barton's 52 Continental Chocolate.

Shops in Detroit, New York,
Philadelphia, and Newark.

6164 CASS AVE.

Near G.M. Bldg.

TR. 5-9700

DETROIT JEWISH NEWS 3

-

Res. TU. 3-3960

Friday, July 3, 1953

OPEN SUNDAYS

The Armistice Agreement

Lu:xE
FINEST

WINES

MILAN WINE

R

IES8 0

DET ROIT. MILK

MICHIGAN DONDEO WINERY NO

•

Egypt maintains that the
armistice agreement signed at
Rhodes is a mere suspension of
hostilities, leaving belligerent
rights intact. Israel maintains
that the text of the agreement
makes it clear that the agree-
ment is not a mere suspension
of hostilities but a permanent
and irrevocable renunciation of
all hostile acts.
While the agreement is silent
on the specific subject of block-
ade, it does prohibit "aggressive
action by the armed forces, land,
sea or air." Dr. Ralph Bunche
who, as United Nations Acting
Mediator, negotiated the agree-
ment, declared in his report of
July 26, 1949, that the Egyptian
restrictions on shipping were
contrary to the agreement.
Similarly, Lt. Gen. Riley, for-
mer United Nations Chief of
Staff of the Truce Supervision
Organization, has said:

It doesn't take long for pennies
and dollars saved regularly to
add up to a tidy reserve. It's
especially true when you open an
account at American, where sav-
ings earn a high 2% interest. All
accounts insured to $10,000.00,
and, if opened by the 10th of
month, receive full earnings start-
ing from the lst.

"The action of the Egyptian authori-
ties in this instance is, in my view,
entirely contrary to the spirit of the
General Armistice Agreement and does,
in fact. jeopardize its effective func-
tioning."

The resolution adopted by the
Security Council on Sept. 1,
1951, drew attention to the
pledges in the Armistice Agree-
ment "against any further acts
of hostility between the parties."
It noted that Egypt had not
complied with the plea of the
UN Chiefof Staff to desist from
interfering with the passage
through the Suez Canal of goods
destined for Israel. It stated
that neither party could reason-
ably assert that it was actively
a belligerent or requires to exer-

AND LOAN AS

"Save

AT I

the American Way"

439 WOODWARD at Lamed
6060 W. FORT at Military
12246 DEXTER at Cortland
VI 3-7600
TO 9-6611
WO 5-5800
Member of Federal Home loan Bank System and Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corp,

