H
Historic Me' t ugs
•
Keparh
aons, UJA

Continued from Page 1

Mrs. S. Alexander Brailove,
chairman of the UJA Women's
Division, reported that the
women had raised $10,000,000
for the UJA.
Israel Ambassador Eban, in a
powerful address analyzing Is-
rael's difficult problems, spoke
of UJA's major position as Is-
rael's supporter and asserted:
"The sale of Israel bonds
and the remarkably sympa-
thetic action of the American
people whose representatives
in Congress approved the
Israel aid program have enor-
mously strengthened our pros-
pect of building a healthy
economic future. But the
short-term difficulties are still
extreme and acute. The con-
tinued success of the UJA as
a source of free dollars for
Israel is absolutely indispen-
sable to our political and eco-
nomic security, especially in
the coming days and weeks.
'Only if we safely surmount
the immediate crisis shall we
be able to march confidently
toward the larger freedom
which now beckons to us." •
The UJA conference speeches
were replete with wit and
humor.
Eddie Warburg's masterful ad-
dress, which was one of the most
magnificent literary composi-
tions heard at Jewish gatherings
in many years, did not overlook
the human interest angles—such
a,s the poster behind the Ro-
manian captain on the Transyl-
vania, which brought Jewish im-
migrants to Israel. The quota-
tion' was from Karl Marx about
the inability of any country to
survive if it - oppresses another
people. How long can facts and
reality be perverted?
Nahum Goldmann punned
about the American Jewish
Committee (without mention-
ing it by name) and its re-
cent protests against "recog-
nition" of the Jewish Agency
status by the Israel govern-
ment. "After the Congress of
Zionists," he said, "we should
hold a Congress of non-Zion-
ists to explain to them the
things they misunderstood."
Goldmann pleaded for unity—
with UJA as the basic instru-
ment for cooperation—and he
warned against any sort of
split in Jewish ranks even on
serious issues.
Then there were the remarks
of Abba Eban who emphasized
that UJA is major as a force to
Israel's upbuilding and that the
other funds — investments and
bonds — are not substitutes but
supplementary. On the question
of funds, Eban said "We have
an affectionate sympathy for
all dollars, especially for dollars
we do not have to pay back."
William Rosenwald told stories
and the audience loved them—
and the lighter side of the con-
ference helped increase the dal-
lier income.
The UJA conference deliber-
ations were marred by trag-
edy. As he was addressing the
Sunday morning session, 'Wil-
liam Keyserling, 82, of Beau-
fort, S:C., father of Leon Key-
serling, chairman of President
Truman's Council of Economic
Advisors, collapsed and died
instantly of a -heart attack.
His last words were "We must
save lives " as he appealed
to the younger people to carry
on the great humanitarian ef-
forts.
An eminent merchant, Mr.
Keyserling had devoted him-
self to UJA and other Jewish
causes and won the esteem of
all who worked with him,
Tribute was paid to his
memory by Mr. Warburg and
by Dr. Schwartz, who pointed
out that Mr. Keyserling's wish
would have been that the work
go on, and in that spirit the
UJA conference deliberations
continued.
(In recent years a number of
Jewish leaders died at public
gatherings while carrying on
their duties in behalf of great
causes, am o n g them: Judge
Morris Rothenberg, National
UPA chairman,, who died. after
addressing a ZOA national ex-
ecutive meeting; Henry Monsky,

-

Bnai Brith president, who col-
lapsed at a national Bnai Brith
executive committee meeting;
the father of Harold Goldenberg,
who died at a JNF meeting in
Minneapolis) ,

Unanimity Marks
Reparations Action

Spokesman for 20 leading
Jewish organizations in seven
countries met in an atmosphere
of unanimity last Thursday and
Friday at the Waldorf-Astoria.
They acted to support Israel's
claim against Germany for "col-
lective compensation" based on
the cost of rehabilitating hun-
dreds of thousands of survivors
from Nazism, and to demand
compensation based on billions
of dollars' worth of Jewish prop-
erty destroyed or looted.
The conference was closed to
the press, except for the con-
cluding session on Friday, but
newspapermen were briefed and
the gist of address was issued
to them.
In reply to criticism for "ne-
gotiating" with Germans, on
financial matters, Dr. Nahum
Goldmann, who presided, assert-
ed on Friday: "Where is the
moral validity in saying: 'You
have murdered and you shall
also inherit?' " He declared that
there is a higher morality "in
doing everything we can to in-
sist that Germany pay back to
the Jewish people as much as it
can of what it has taken from
them. It is unforgivable of us
to forget the dead, it is also im-
permissible of us to forget the
living survivors, in whose behalf
German repayment—whatever it
may be—would be used."
This position was affirmed in
strong terms by Israel Ambassa-
dor Abba Eban who headed the
Israeli delegation. Other spokes-
men took a similar stand.
In his statement. Dr. Gold-
man declared:
"As a matter of fact, we
have been talking to the Ger-
mans for several years. The
Jewish Restitution Successor
Organization, repres e n t i n g
many of • the organizations
seated around this very Con-
ference table, has been nego-
tiating with the authorities of
Hesse, Bavaria, Wurttenberg,
Bremen. The concrete results
of these talks are just begin-
ning to emerge: Even now pre-
fabricated houses are flowing
to Israel as part — a minute
part—of our restitution claims.
"No one protested these or-
ganizations.
"But of course to seek to get
back what is ours from the
Germans does not mean we
are forgiving our debtors. It
does not mean that we must
yield an inch in our attitude
towards other aspects of the
German • problem: denazifica-
tion, rearmanent, etc. Some of
the very organizations at this
Conference which are mem-
bers of the Jewish Restitution
Successor Organization con-
tinue to be the most outspoken
opponents of German rearma-
ment and renazificatlon."
Dr. Goldmann revealed that
the conference of Jewish lead-
ers to negotiate with Germany
on reparations was called long
before the issuance of the Ade-
nauer declaration and that it
was in no sense inspired by the
recent act of Chancellor Kon-
rad Adenauer,
Ambassador Eban stated:
"The emergence of an inde-
pendent Israel was history's re-
ply to Nazism. The people which
Germany . all but succeeded to
destroy and disgrace instead
fought its way to collective sur-
vival and national equality. At
the moment of its greatest
weakness the Jewish people
achieved its greatest pride. Yet
the cost in life and anguish had
been beyond computation or
recompense. A sense of sharp
bereavement will attend the
Jewish people for evermore. Is-
rael, as the expression of the
collective Jewish will for sur-
vival and equality could not
stand by in silence while Ger-
many advanced towards accept-
ance in the family of nations,
It would be an intolerable dis-
tortion of justice if Germany,

eal 7ith
bjectives

having slain its victims - and oc-
cupied their possessions, were
not called upon even to make
indemnification for the benefit
of their survivors, some 500,000
of whom had found shelter in
Israel's shores. The expendi-
tures incurred or anticipated in
the resettlement of Jewish im-
migrants from the countries for-
merly under Nazi control were
one and a half billion dollars.
This figure took no account of
the property confiscated by Ger-
man authorities, estimated at
six billion dollars, and it had no
relevance at all to the loss of
Jewish life which lay beyond
any standard of material or
physical measurement. It was a
minimal and symbolic claim; its
dimensions stand in no relation
to the dimensions of German
guilt or Jewish suffering. In the
name of our common Jewish
solidarity, in the name of Jewish
security and Jewish honor, Israel
solemnly invites Jews every-
where to rally unrservedly to the
support of this claim."
Ambassador Eban pointed out
that "if spread over a period of
years: and transpersed partly in
the form of goods, a payment of
this indemnity was well within
the capacity of the G e r man
people."
Mr. Eban declared that the
Israel Government• could not
admit that the submission of
its rightful claim was incon-
sistent with the moral obliga-
tions of Jews to preserve the
memory of the Jewish tragedy
untarnished and uncompro-
mised. It would be a supreme
immortality if for any reason
whatever Israel, having been -
unable to save the six million
martyrs, were to neglect any
measure whereby Germany
would be called to account for
the benefit of their survivors.
There is no virtue at all in
an attitude of aloofness which
would enable Germany to
elude its responsibility without
challenge. By such acqui-
esence we should betray both
our dead and their surviving
remnant."
The Conference on Je wish
Claims Against Germany created
two ad hoc Committees to deal
with the question of Jewish ma-
terial claims against Germany—
a policy committee consisting of
one representative from each of
t h e organizations . sponsoring
and participating in this Con-
ference, and an executive com-
mittee of 12 persons authorized
to take such practical steps as
developments may necessitate.
With the exception of one
person from France, to be chos-
en later, the conference ap-
proved the following executive
committee, selected as individu-
als and not as representatives of
organizations :
Dr. Leo Baeck, Dr. Abraham
Cohen and Dr. N. Baron, Lon-
don; Samuel Bronfman, Mon-
treal; Frank Goldman, Lowell,_
Mass.; Dr. Nahum Goldmann, Dr.
Israel Goldstein, Adolph Held,
Jacob Blaustein, Dr. Isaac Lewin
and Dr. Irving Miller, all of New
York.
The participating delegations
included the following:

Representing the Israel government:
Ambassador Abba Eban, Consul General
Arthur Lourie, Shmuel Bendor, David
Ginsburg, Miss Esther Herlitz, Dr. Kurt
Livneh.
Agudath Israel World Organization,
Dr. Isaac Lewin, Julius Steinfeld, Dr.
Solomon Goldsmith.
Alliance Israelite Universelle, Marcel
Franco, Sadiah Cherniak,
American Jewish Committee,
Jacob
Blaustein, Prof. Herman Gray, Dr. John
Slawson.
American Jewish Congress, Dr. Irving
Miller, Shad Polier, Dr. David Petegor-
sky.
American Zionist Council, Louis Lipsky,
Mrs. Judith P. Epstein.

Anglo-Jewish Association, Isaiah Ber-
lin, Moses Moskowitz, Dr. Eugene Hevesi.
Bnai Brith, Frank Goldman, Col. Ber-
nard _Bernstein, Maurice Bisgyer.
Board of Deputies of British Jews, Dr.
Abraham Cohen, A. G. Brotman.
British Section, World Jewish Congress,
Dr. N. Barou.
Canadian J ewish Congress, Michael
Garber, Edward E. Gelber, Saul. Hayes.
Conseil Representatif des Juifs de
France, Joseph Nahmias.
Council
for the Protection of the
Rights and Interests of Jews from Ger-
many, Prof. Nathan Stein, Dr. R. Call-
mann.
Delegacion de Associaciones Israelitas
Argentinas (D.A.I.A.), Benjamin Rinsky,
Dr. Hardy Swarsensky,
Executive Council of Australian Jewry,
Dr. Maurice Perlzweig, Dr. Gerard
Jacoby.
Jewish Agency for Palestine, Dr. Na-
hum Goldmann, Benjamin G. Browdy,

Maurice Boukstein.

Jewish Labor Committee, .Adolph Held.
Jacob Pat, Nalnun Chaffin,

Egyptian Outbreaks Menace
Jews Trapped° hi All Arab
Lands With Wide Disaster

By LAWRENCE RESNER

Author of "Eternal

Stranger"

(Written especially for the American Jewish Press)

Events of the past two weeks
in Egypt confirm a statement
made to me a year ago in Moroc-
co by a French intellectual.
He said, "No Jew feels secure
in a Moslem country."
The headlines and the news
stories emphasize the conflict
between the British and the
Egyptians, but anyone who has
lived or traveled through the
Arab world knows that the peo-
ple likely to,suffer most are the
Jews.
While the uprisings create a
difficult diplomatic situation for
the British, their armed forces
are well able not only to protect
themselves but to extend their
control . over additional areas
necessary to their military se-
curity. In such a situation, the
Arabs, frustrated in their efforts
to make any headway against
the British, seek a release
against all people who they re-
gard as "foreign elements" and
in this instance, the most likely
target of their pent up emotions
becomes the Jewish community
of Egypt.
Demonstrations of the type
going on in Egypt do not start
as anti-Jewish movements. They
are rather manifestations of the
violent xenophobia (hatred of
foreigners) so strongly charac-
teristic of every country in North
Africa and the Middle East to-
day. As they develop, their
anti-Jewish character becomes
more noticeable and when and
if a period of tranquility arrives,
it is more than likely that the
greatest casualty lists will be
shown to have been among the
Jews and they will have suffered
the largest losses in property
damage.

There are in Egypt some 80,-
000 to 100,000 Jews, but, interest-
ingly enough, less than 10 per
cent are citizens of Egypt!
It is impossible for a Jew to
obtain citizenship, under the
Egyptian laws, unless he can
prove his forebearers lived in
Egypt continuously before 1849.
Some of the Jews in Egypt hold
passports of foreign countries
such as Italy, Erance, Turkey
and Greece, but the greatest
number of them are stateless.
This helps in the minds of the
Egyptians to underline the status
of these Jews as foreigners and
aliens in spite of the fact that
the history of the Jews hi Egypt
dates back to Joseph and his
brothers.
The Egyptian outbreaks repre-
sent dangers not only for the
Jews in Egypt but for the Jews
in the other Moslem countries.
News of such riots passes quickly
into the adjoining areas of
Cyrenaica and Tripolitania and
as far west as Morocco where
there are perhaps as many- as
280,000 native Moroccan Jews.
The danger extends as far south
as the British protectorate of
Aden on the southern tip of the
Arabian peninsula and as far
east as Baghdad where they are
still thousands of Jews who have
not yet been transported to
Israel.
All of us can hope fervently'
that the responsible Egyptian
authorities can restrain the
threatening mobs and prevent a
state of anarchy.
Otherwise we face the grim
prospect of new and fearful
headlines.

Churchill's Views on
Israel, Greeks, Jews

Winston Churchill, who has er of the Opposition. The
been -returned to power as same is true of this other fa-
Britain's Prime Minister, in his mous ancient race, whose
newest book, stormy and endless struggle
"The Second for life stretches back to the
World War,*1 fountain springs of human
makes reference thought. No two races have
to the Palestine set such a mark upon the
issue and quotes world, Both have shown a ca-
General Wavell pacity for survival, in spite of
as having said unending perils and sufferings
that "the Jews from external oppressors,
would beat the matched only by their o w n
Arabs." His ceaseless feuds, , quarrels, and
memoirs include convulsions. The passage of
t h e statement: several thousand years sees
Churchill 'Obviously w e no change in their character-
shall not proceed with any plan istics and no diminuation of
of partition which the Jews do their -trials or their vitality.
not support."
They have survived in spite of
In an interesting statement- all that the world could do
on "Greeks and Jews," Churchill against them, and all they
compared the t w o peoples as could do against themselves,
and each of them from angles
follows:
so different have left us all
The Greeks rival the Jews in
the inheritance of their genius
being the most politically-
and wisdom. No two cities
minded race in the world.- No
have counted more with man-
matter how forlorn their cir-
kind than Athens and Jerusa-
cumstances or - how grave the
lem. Their messages in rell.
peril to their country, they
gion, philosophy, and art have
are always. divided into many
been the main guiding light of
parties, with many leaders
modern faith and culture.
who fight among . themselves
Centuries of foreign rule ailld
with desperate vigour. It has
indescribable, endless oppres-
been Well said that wherever
sion leave them still living, ac-
'there are three Jews it will be
tive communities and forces
found that there are two
in the modern world, quar-
Prime Ministers and one lead-
relling among themselves wit ►
insatiable vivacity, Personal).f
Jewish War Veterans of the U.S.A.,
Paul Ginsburg, Gen. Julius Klein, Saul
I have always been on the side
Gold.
of both, and believed in their
South African Jewish Board of Depu-
ties, E. J. Horwitz.
invincible power to survive in-
Synagogue Council of America, Rabbi
ternal - strife and the world
Simon G. Kramer, Samuel Rothstein.
World. Jewish Congress, Dr. Israel
tides threatening their extinc-
Goldstein, Dr. N. Barou, Dr. Nehemiah
tion."
Robinson.

Observers, American Jewish Joint Dis-
tribution Committee, Council of Jewish
Federations and 'Welfare Funds.
Experts at- Large: Benjamin Ferencz,
Gottlieb Hammer, -Dr. Georg Landauer,
Eli Rnek, Seymour

Rubin.
Other important occurrences
in New York last .week-end
eluded the dedication of the
House of Living Judaism of the
Union of American Hebrew Con-
gregations and Hebrew Union
College, and the meeting of the
executive committee of t h e
American Association of Eng-
ewis b. Newspapers, -

Mexican Jewry Erects
Monument for 6,000,000

MEXICO CITY, (JTA) — A
monument commemorating . the
6,000,000 Jews annihilated by the
Nazis in Europe was unveiled at
the Jewish cemetery here,

28

THE JEWISH NEWS
Friday, November 2,. 1951

—

