'Fear Aids
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Eel
A Weekly Review
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'The Troubled Air':
A Lesson in
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of Jewish Events
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Editorial Pag' 4
Michigan's Only English - Jewish Newspaper—Incorporating The Detroit Jewish Chronicle
VOLUME 19—No. 25
708 David Stott Bldg.—Phone WO. 5-1155 Detroit, Michigan, August 31, 1951
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Zionist Congress Acts to Step Up Immigration
Israel Government Urged to Seek
Increased Exit of Russian Jewry
JERUSALEM. JTA—The plenary session of the 23rd World Zionist
Congress Tuesday adopted unanimously a resolution urging the Israel
government to continue its efforts in behalf of Jewish migration from the
Soviet Union, particularly for those whose "relatives in Israel have for
many years eagerly awaited their reunion with their families."
Although the pro-Soviet Mapam delegates joined in the vote, a repre-
sentative of the party read a statement pointing out that the party does
not want the question of immigration' from the USSR to be used as "re-
actionary incitement" against the. Soviets. It also asserted that such a reso-
lution often harms efforts in behalf of immigration. But the statement
added that the Mapam believes there is nothing in this resolution other
than the desire to obtain the participation of Soviet Jewry in the building
of the state of Israel.
It is expected that Mapam will put up a dogged fight when the politi-
cal committee reports on resolutions demanding the release of Zionists
arrested in the USSR a year ago and dealing with the persecution of Zion-
ists in Romania and Hungary.
The Congress unanimously adopted another immigration committee
resolution which expressed "appreciation to all nations that have en-
abled Jewish immigration without hindrance." It also called upon the
other nations of the world to follow their example and permit those Jews
who desire to leave for Israel to depart. In addition the resolution urged
the Jewish Agency to organize the immigration of professionals and tech-
nicians, and appealed to the Jews of the United States and other coun-
tries from which few immigrants have come to step up the rate of immi-
gration to Israel.
A series of resolutions on Youth Aliyah immigration was unanimously
adopted by the Congress. These request the Jewish Agency Executive to
raise the percentage of youth immigration to 10 percent and call upon
the Zionist organs to speed up immigration into Israel from _the...Mad:ter ,
ranean countries, Eastern Europe, the Arab lands and North Africa.
The resolutions also call Upon Jewish organizations, committees and
individuals overseas and in Israel to make a supreme effort to raise at least
half of the general budget of the youth department and direct an appeal
to women's organizations to allocate at least 30 percent of their general
income to the needs of the department for child and youth immigration.
A resolution adopted by the congress expresses appreciation to the
American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee in connection with the
transfer of Jewish Children to Israel and their prior maintenance at vari-
ous overseas centers. The resokition voices the hope that this aid will be
increased in view of the No'rth African and Mediterranean immigration.
In other resolutions, the Congress called on the Zionist Executive and
organizations to provide means for the establishment of Zionist youth
centers in Jewish communities throughout the world and urged enlarge-
ment of the movement to send educational emmissaries from Israel to
overseas countries. Resolutions also called for increasing facilities in Israel
for the training of youth leaders from abroad.
Another resolution urged the Jewish Agency to set up an "organiza-
tional framework" in many countries abroad for an immigration movement
of professional people which should be in constant contact with the Cha-
lutz (pioneer) movement.
As a probable result of American criticism, the Congress voted that
all institutions concerned in Israel, both of the government and of the
Zionist movement, should take the necessary steps to ensure the ab-
sorption, Integration and housing of immigrating professional. men. It
said the Youth and Hechalutz Department should deal with the organiza-
tions devoted to the recruitment of professional men and technical
workers.
A Labor Zionist move for the amalgamation of Chalutz (Pioneer)
training farm was defeated in the Congress by a vote of 145-122. The
resolution adopted expressed recognition of the need to improve the pro-
Continued on Page 16
fessional and cultural standard of pioneer training.
U.S.-Isra I Friendship Treaty Furthers
Relations ; Senate Reduces Grants-in-Aid
purposes, and then only with effective and just COM-
WASHINGTON, (JTA)—The United States and Is-
pensation.
signed
a
treaty
of
friendship
which
extends
"most
rael
The treaty provides that there should be no res-
favored nation treatment" to each of the two coun-
triction in connection with foreign transactions ex-
tries. The treaty was signed at the State Department
cept necessary to balance the country's payments and
by Secretary of State Dean Acheson on behalf of the
to pay for the goods and services that are essential to
the health and welfare of the people.
United States and by Ambassador Abba S. Eban on
behalf of Israel.
•
This is the first treaty of its kind to be entered
by Israel. It is subject to ratification by both govern-
ments before it will become effective. Registered as
WASHINGTON, (JTA) — Appropriations for
a Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation, the
pact establishes a set of principles to govern basic economic and military aid for Israel and the Arab
states contained in the House-approved foreign pro-
economic relations between the United States and Is-
rael and to serve as pract-
gram, have been cut by the Senate Foreign Relations
ical means of directing the and Armed Services Committee.
future development of
The combined committees, after lopping $57,000,-
these relations along mutu-
000 bringing the total to $396,250,000. About ten per
ally beneficial lines.
cent of this amount is to go to Israel and the Near
The treaty ensures the
liberty of travel and the Eastern states.
protection of the property,
The Senate Committees also reduced the House
economic activities, r esi- grant to the Middle East for economic and technical
denc e, religious observ-
aid by $52,000,000 but subsequently raised the grant
ance, professional and phi-
to aid Israel refugees from $37,000,000 to $40,000,-
lanthropic activites and ac-
000.
It fixed the grant for Palestine Arab relief at
cess to courts of the na-
tionals and companies of $40,000,000. Under the House measure, both these
grants were set at $50,000,000.
either of he two countries
in the territories of the
The Senate Committees also fixed the figure for
other, subject to limita- technical and economic avid for Africa and the Near
tions in connection with East at $122,500,000.
communications, banking
After the Senate approves the bill, it must go
Abba Eban and exploration of land
back to a Conference committee for the ironing out
and other natural resources. .
Each of the two countries agrees, under the
of differences between House and Senate versions.
treaty. to accord within its territories to citizens and
The measure as approved by the Senate groups
corporations of the other, treatment no less favorable makes available to President Truman $40,000,000 to
than it accords to its own citizens and corporations
aid refugees settling in Israel. A similar amount would
with respect to most business activites. Social benefits be available for Arab refugees. These figures represent
a cut of $10,000,000 each from the House version. The
accorded to nationals of either country are also ex-
U. S. contribution to the International Refugee Or-
tended to nationals of the other country.
ganization was cut from $30,000,000 to $10,000,888.
Checks :Possible Confiscation of
ganixation
was cut from $38,888,000 to $10,000,000.
Property; Regularizes Foreign Exchange
The bill now ready for Senate action provides a
Within the territories of either country, nationals
total of $518,750,000 for the Near East and Africa.
and companies of the other land are not to be sub-
The House and Senate versions of the bill rep-
ject to a greater burden of taxes than local nationals resent a one billion dollar cut below the figure re-
and. companies. Subj,ects of either are to be accorded quested by President Truman. The President has
the same treatment given to nationals themselves made it clear that he will attempt to have the cut re-
connection with patents, trade names, • and the stored. Senate leaders hope to finish work on the
measure by the end of this week,
Mike, •Property is not to be taken. except for public
Grant to Israel Reduced
The treaty stipulates freedom of navigation and
transit. It says that there is to be consultations be-
tween the United States and Israel, upon the request
of either of the two governments, in connection with
business practices which might have harmful effects
on their mutual commerce. Where enterprises are
controlled by the governments of either state, their
imports and exports, purchases and sales are to be
effected in accordance with commercial considerations,
and nationals and companies of the two states are
to be afforded adequate opportunity to compete for.
such transactions.
Considered Evidence of
Growing Cordial Relations ,:
The treaty makes a sig-
nificant contribution to the
pattern of economic agree-
ments already concluded
between the United States
and Israel. These agree-'
ments deal primarily with
specialized technical sub-
jects, such as the air trans-
port and copyright agree-
ments concluded in 1950
and the general agree-
ment on technical .co-op-'
eration which was entered
into in February of this
Dean Acheson
year.
LONDON, (JTA)—The United States-Israel treaty
of friendship, commerce and navigation, signed at
Washington last February is likely to have a "quiet-
ing effect" on a considerable body of business opin-
ion in Israel and on "certain American Zionists now
attending the World Zionist Congress" who had ac-
cused Premier David Ben-Gurion and his Labor Party
of "frightening away .Americati capital with threats
of Socialism in our times," the Times of London said.
(The New York Times in an editorial on the treaty
pointed out that the pact is a sort of mutual "most-
favored nation" arrangement, guaranteeing non-dis-
criminatory treatment of shipping and commerce
and smoothing the way for further private American
investment in Israel enterprises. "Israel's exports to
the United States last year came to $8,500,000 (double
the figure for 1949) and amounted to almost one-
quarter of Israel's total exports; while American ex-
ports to Israel exceeded $100,000,000, accounting for
two-fifths of Israel's imports, the editorial said.)
The role American Jews played in helping to bring
about the establishment of Israel was lauded in an
editorial in the Times of London, commenting on the
current World. Zionism Congress in Jerusalem,