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THE JEWISH NEWS

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A Weekly Review

of Jewish Events

VOLUME 16—No. 13 708-10 David Stott Bldg.—Phone WO. 5-1155 Detroit 26, Michigan, December 9, 1949 a

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Israel Gains Ground in Fight
garnst Internationalization

BULLETIN

A final vote on the Jerusalem issue is due at Lake
Success this week-end. From all indications, advocates of
the extreme viewpoint which seeks to internationalize all
of Jerusalem and its environs will be unable to secure a
two-thirds vote required for adoption of the pending
Australian resolutions. Transjordan's opposition to the in-
ternationalization proposals and Israel's insistence that
only the Holy Places should be placed under UN control
may force a workable compromise. The United States and
British delegations are reported striving to effect a work-
able agreement, which should be satisfactory both to Israel
and Transjordan.

Direct Teletype Wires by Jewish News Special JTA Correspondent .

Mayor Proclaims Histadrut Day:

Mayor

Eugen -e

I. VanAntwerp officially proclaimed Sunday, Dec. 11, as Histadrut Day on the occasion
of Detroit's $300,000 campaign for the Israel Histadrut fund. The local drive will

be launched Sunday evening at a public meeting at the Scottish Rite Cathedral of
the Masonic Temple. Participating in the ceremony of the signing of the proclamation
by Mayor VanAntwerp, in his office at the City Hall, were, left to right: DAVID A.
)LDMAN, HARRY SCHUMER, NORMAN COTTLER, MAYOR VanANTWERP,
MORRIS LIEBERMAN, MORRIS L. SCHAVER and ESTHER NAMES. Miss Names,

Israel-born war veteran, member of an Histadrut agricultural settlement, told Mayor
VanAntwerp how the Israel Histadrut economic, culural and health programs help the

newcomers to the Jewish state.

The World's Most •
Unusual Economy.

By P.

(Text

of

Peoelamation on Page 3)

LAKE SUCCESS—Transjordan on Tuesday declared itself
willing to sign an agreement with the United Nations to guaran-
tee the freedom of worship and access to the Holy Places, but
added that any form of internationalization of Jerusalem would
serve no purpose since the Holy Places are safe and secure under
the rule of Abdullah's government.
In committee debate, which centered on the Australian pro-
posal passed both by sub-committee and committee, the resolu-
tions were supported both by Egypt and Syria. Egypt argued
that is was a "dangerous mistake" to consider only the Holy
Places as requiring internationalization and declared that all of
Jerusalem is the Holy City.
Great Britain, however, questioned the wisdom of a "per-
fectionist resolution that would add to the limbo of disregarded
UN Assembly resolutions of the past."
While the chairman of the committee said that the time for
speeches would be limited, he announced that additional time
would be granted the Israel spokesman to answer, proferred
criticism of his delegation.
A Cuban amendment offered to eliminate from the Austra-
lian plan the idea of a corpus separatum and trusteeship
council authority in favor of a statute limiting international
control to supervision and protection of the Holy Places.
Observers noted that the basic Cuban amendment lifted
bodily the idea incorporated in the Swedish and Dutch resolu-
tion. Like the latter it would establish an agreement on religious
guarantees, immunities and freedoms in the Jerusalem area and
set up a UN commissioner and council to assure compliance with
Continued on Page 3

Private Capital Blends With Cooperative
Enterprise in Israel's Unique Structure

BERNARD NORTMAN

This is the second of a series on Israel's economy based on
facts compiled by the Economic Department of the Jewish Agency
for Palestine.

and organization of Israel's econo-
T HE my structure
make it one of the most unusual in the

labor-management relations. The activities of
these branches are coordinated by the Council of
the Association.
Special agencies have been set up by the Asso-
ciation to handle industry-wide activities. Financ-

world. Private capitalism, cooperative enterprises

• and collective settlements exist side by side; the

_..immigrant or investor can find the economic unit
- which suits his individual taste and work out his
own destiny.
The government owns only the railroads, tele-
phone, radio broadcasting and telegraphy systems.
It does not own any manufacturing industries, nor
does it control electric power or waterworks. Thus,
there is very little of what is generally character-
ized as state socialism.
Most industries are completely run by private
companies. About 80% to 90% of Israel industry is
owned and operated by private individuals and
corporations, while the remainder is in the hands
of cooperatives, the most important of which are
controlled by Histadrut (Israel's General Federation
of Labor). The latest census in 1947 revealed that
out of approximately 46,000 persons in industry,
only 5,200 were employed by the Histadrut and
other cooperative groups.

Private industry dominates the metal working,
chemical, paper and printing, diamond, textile and
clothing, dye, woodworking, leather and certain
segments of the building materials and construc-
tion industries. The citrus industry and other food
processing business are under private control,

Representing the interests of private industry
and trade in all matters are the Manufacturers'
Association and the Chambers of Commerce. The
Manufacturers' Association represents 40 branches
of industry, each branch having a department con-
cerned with such problems as raw material supply,
marketing and distribution, export trade, and

NESHER CEMENT WORKS. A major Israel
industry, jointly owned by private capital and

Iiistadrult, Israel Labor Federation.

ing of raw material imports is carried out by the
Palestine Industrial Bank of the Association, and
development of export markets by the Foreign
Trade Institute.

The Chambers of Commerce in Tel Aviv and
Haifa function like those of other countries, and
participate in conferences of the International
Chamber of Commerce.

The Histadrut is especially important in building
construction and materials, in the marketing of
agricultural products, and road transportation. Co-
operative enterprises have received more attention
than the vastly larger role played by private in-
dividuals and corporations. In one respect this in-
terest is well founded. The Histadrut has one of
the most unusual structures in the world. Its mem-
bership includes the bulk of the workers in Israel,
As one of Israel's largest organizations, Histad-
rut's influence in the country is pervasive and
powerful. At the same time, the individual and
corporate owners of private industry, through their
Manufacturers' Association, Chambers of commerce
and other trade groups, also push their own pro-
grams and make their influence felt. CooperativeS
and private industry operate jointly on many
fronts. In the citrus concentrates industry, the
number of firms is about equally divided between
private enterprises and cooperatives. All firms share.
technical information and market their products
jointly.
.
Israel's urgent requirement at the present. time
is private capital. If private enterprise displays
the boldness necessary in a young, pioneering
Country and invests capital in the quantities need-
ed, there is no doubt that individual enterprise will.
continue to prosper and will be a vital force in,
shaping the future of the Jewish State.
Israel's industry has shown phenomenal growth
in the past. Between 1930 and 1937, the number of
Continued on Page 2

