UN Groups Wrangle Over
Arms, Refugee Problems
LAKE SUCCESS (JTA) — Is-
rael's representative to the UN
warned the Security Council
against making a decision which
would expose the entire Middle
East to an unbridled armaments
race.
Speaking on the recommenda-
tion by UN mediator Dr. Ralph
J. Buiche that the functions of
the mediator be terminated,
Eban told the Council that an
armaments race would not ben-
efit the democratic institutions
nor the economy of that region.
However, if such a race takes
place, he warned that "Israel
will not allow itself to be over-
taken."
He agreed with the acting
mediator that the truce regime
in Palestine has been replaced
by the armistice agreements. He
suggested, however, that the
Council would do well to issue
"a clear moral directive" against
a Middle EaSt armament com-
petition. Eban also told the
Council that the time has come
for lifting all other artificial re-
strictions imposed upon legiti-
mate commerce and shipping.
"I have in mind the practice of
seizing cargoes of civilian com-
modities passing through Suez
on their way to Israeli ports,"
he added.
Latrun Traffic Held Up
The Israeli tpresentative
called the attention of the
Council to the facts that up to
this date there is still no free
traffic on the vital Latrun Jeru-
salem road, and that no pro-
gress has been achieved in the
resumption of normal opera-
tions of the Hebrew University
and the HadasSah Medical Cen-
ter on Mount Scopus. He blam-
ed the Transjordanian intran-
sigence for this condition.
The Security Council heard a
statement by French represen-
tative Jean Chauvel who said
the Council faces a problem of
terminating the truce. The
French position, he said, is that
the armistice agreements have
replaced it, and that the im-
plementation of the agreements
should be left to the parties
themselves and the mixed • ar-
mistice commissions with a
minimum of UN supervisory
machinery.
Chauvel disagreed with Dr.
Bunche that difficulties arising
j.inder the agreement should be
placed before the Conciliation
Commission. The hands of the
Commission, he said, should be
left free in the pursuit of peace..
He admitted, however, that the
Council should continue to
maintain its "vigilance" by re-
taining the Palestine case on its
agenda.
Ask End to Embargo
- In statements before the Se-
curity Council, the representa-
tives of the United States and
the United Kingdom endorsed
the lifting of the arms embargo
for Israel and the Arab coun-
tries, but morally pledged their
governments not to aid a so-
called armaments race in the
,Middle East.
British delegate Sir Terrence
Shone declared that with the
fighting over and a new phase
established for a peaceful Pales-
tine by the armistice agreements
all restrictions posed by the
truce should be lifted. He indi-
cated that the British Govern-
ment was ready to resume a
supply of arms to the Arabs in
accordance with standing agree-
ments, but added that this does
not mean that shipment should
be made in excess of require-
ments for internal security and
national defense.
U. S. delegate Warren Austin
supported the British stand and
urged all governments to exer-
cise restraint in the shipments
of arms in the Middle East in
such quntities as would weaken
the newly established armistice
agreements.
Dr. Bunche's Comments
Commenting on the embargo
aspect of the problem, Dr.
Bunche said he would not like
to see an interruption of the
peace in the Middle East by an
armaments race. But in prac-
tice, he said, the enforcement
of the embargo would entail a
topheavy UN observation appar-
THE JEWISH NEWS-3
Friday, August 12, 1949
JERUSALEM, (JTA)—The So-
viet Union, and those Eastern
European countries under its
domination which are members
of the United Nations, will sup-,
port the principle of the parti-
tion of Jerusalem, and the in-
corporation of the new city of
Jerusalem into the state of Is-
rael, responsible informants
said.
The Russians had previously
supported the proposal for in-
ternationalization of Jerusalem,
which was included in the ori-
ginal UN General Assembly de
Bernstein Symphony
Included in Collection
At Hebrew University
atus. He asked, however, that
arms exporting countries pledge
themselves not to support a
competitive arms situation.
United Nations reported large-
scale withdrawals of military
equipment from Palestine fol-
lowing conclusion of all armis-
tice agreements.
On July 31 43 tons of equip-
ment loaned to the UN media-
tor by the United States was
removed by the U. S. naval
transport Marquette from the
Port of Haifa where it was as-
sembled from many parts of the
Middle East where UN truce
teams operated. Additional ma-
terial loaned by the United
Kingdom will be returned later.
UN Commission Considers
Formation of Arab-Israeli Body
LAUSANNE (JTA)—The Unit-
ed Nations Conciliation Commis-
sion on Palestine met in private
session to consider how to ap-
proach the Arab delegations
with the Israeli blueprint for
settlement of the Arab refugee
problem.
Certain security regulations
similar to those now existing in
Turkey would apply to those
Arab refugees returning to Is-
rael. The Arabs would not be
allowed to settle in any frontier
district out of military consid-
erations and also to prevent any
of the large-scale smuggling for
which the Palestine frontier has
always been notorious.
The Arabs are not objecting,
it is learned, to either of these
conditions, but their first coun-
ter-demand, according to MUlki
Pasha,. the Transjordan Defense
Minister, will be to ask a cer-
tain repatriation deadline from
Israel. •
The second Arab demand will
be to obtain consent to the rs-
turn of 100,000 refugees without
any of the deductions included
in the Israeli figures.
Incompatible Demands
The trouble that has' arisen
over the issue is simple enough:
the Commission members have
found that there exists complete.
incompatibility between the de-
mands of Israel and Transj or-
dan, on one side, and on the
other those of the major powers
and the remaining Arab state.
Two alternative positions have
been advanced by these groups.
One, partition of Jerusalem be-
tween Israel and Transjordan,
which is supported by those two
.states; and, second, the long-
standing proposal to interna-
tionalize the entire city of Jeru-
salem, which was proposed by
the great powers and all the
Arab _ states except Transjordan
and, additionally, the Vatican.
Israel Will Take 100,000
Reuven Shiloah, special assist-
ant to Israeli Foreign Minister
Moshe Sharett, told the Com-
mission members that Israel
was prepared to accept 100,000
Arab refugees, provided the
Arab states accepted that as
part of the general settlement
of the refugee question within
the framework of the ultimate
settlement of all outstanding
questions between the Arab
states and Israel.
(The so-called McGhee Plan,
advanced by George C. McGhee,
new Assistant Secretary of
State for Near Eastern and
African Affairs, would provide
for the development of the en-
tire Near East area.)
,
Acheson Backs Austin
On Lifting of Arms Embargo
WASHINGTON (JTA)—Secre-
tary of State Dean Acheson told
a press conference that the
United States position on lift-
ing the arms embargo in the
Middle East had been complete-
ly stated at Lake Success by UN
delegate Warren Austin.
Recommendations by Dr.
Ralph J. Bunche that the Near
East arms ban be lifted in favor
of a "moral embargo" drew fire
from sources close to the Israeli
Embassy. The Israeli position is
that final peace has not yet
been signed and that facilitating
of arms shipments will serve no
peaceful purpose.
Rep. Jacob K. Javits called on
Secretary of State Dean Ache-
son to oppose lifting the em-
bargo. In a speech before the
Russia to Support Jewish Jerusalem
states at Lausanne to accept a
DR. SERGE KOUSSEVITZ-
KY (left) receives from
LEONARD - BERNSTEIN the
score of the young conductor-
composer's Second Symphony,
"The Age of Anxiety," for in-
clusion in the Serge Kousse-
vitzky Collection of Orches-
tral and Chamber Music at the
Hebrew University in Jeru-
salem. The world-renowned
conductor, who is now cele-
brating his 75th birthday, will
be honored at a party being
tendered him on Monday eve-
ning, Aug. 15, by the Jewish
community of Pittsfield,
Mass., in cooperation with the
American Friends of the He-
brew University.
House of Representatives, Rep.
Javits asked that "the Secretary
of State announce, U. S. policy
on the United Nations arms em-
bargo and urge that the U. S.
delegate to the Security Council
should oppose a - lifting of the
embargo." The embargo should
stand until peace, not armistice,
exists in the Near East, he in-
sisted.
Debate on Foreign Policy
Ends in Knesset
TEL AVIV (JTA)—In a dra-
matic session punotuated with
interruptions and shouts from
the deputies during the course
of a speech by Premier David
Ben • Gurion, the Israeli parlia-
ment wound up its foreign pol-
icy debate without taking a vote
of confidence in the government.
Facing its severest fight since
the establishment of the coali-
tion, the government mustered
its most prominent figures to
defend • the offer to the Arab
specific number of Arab refu-
gees. Before the session ended,
the Knesset members heard the
Premier and Foreign Minister
Moshe Sharett admit that its
Arab refugee proposal was made
under pressure from the United
States.
When the Premier charged
that all the opposition parties
had failed to warn the nation
and prepare it for the struggle
against the Arab invaders, he
was interrupted by angry mem-
bers of the Herut and Mapam
who cried that he was "distort-
ing the truth." Israel Galili, for-
mer Assistant Defense Minister
and Mapam deputy, shouted
that Premier Ben Gurion's re-
marks constituted "a denial of
and treason against" the troops
who stood side-by-side in the
formations of the Haganah and
the Palmach.
Foreign Minister Sharett de-
clared that the government was
justified in its offer on the refu-
gees in order to lessen the pres-
sure from the United States and
to restore friendly relations with
the U. S.
The Israeli Government has
reversed its dicision to publish
an official White Book on the
Arab refugee question because
the White Book would have ex-
plained in detail why the govern-
ment is no longer committed.
(The New York Times publish-
ed an interview with Iiraeli
cision of 1947 and the Security
Council resolution of last fall
which set up the Conciliation
Commission.
Recent developments within
the Conciliation Commission
and activity in various Roman
Catholic centers have revealed a
tendency to find a formula
which would exclude the Soviet
Union from any international
machinery which may be set up
to administer and control Jeru-
salem.
Apparently aware of these in-
tentions, the Russians have now
decided to reverse their earlier
position on the internationaliza-
tion of the city and will support
the Israeli claim to formal in-
corporation of the new city with-
in its boundaries.
The Israeli Ministry of Reli-
gion announced that 10 Chris-
tian congregations functioning ,
in Israel will have their proper-
ties returned. The Ministry also
established a special committee
to make arrangements for a
large number of pilgrims who
are expected to visit Jerusalem
and other cities in 1950. The
committee includes representa-
tives of the Prime Minister's of-
fice and of the Ministry of In-
terior.
Foreign Minister Moshe Sharett
who disclosed that Arab refugees
will be resettled in Israel even be-
fore actual peace terms are
signed with the Arab states.
Sharett said that it will not be
necessary to wait for the signing
of the . treaties as long as the - .
Arabs make a public statement
of their acceptance of the terms
and the statement is attested to
by the U.N. This, he added,
would save valuable time be-
cause the signing of the pacts
may be delayed for months.)
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