CD Philadelphia Jewish Patriots Aided Detroit Anti-British Action in 1781 By IRVING I. KATZ Executive Secretary of Temple Beth EI Barnard and Michael Gratz are well known in American Jewish history as famous Jewish merchants and communal lead- ers of Philadelphia in colonial times. What is not generally known, however, is that Michael, father of Rebecca Gratz, the Rebecca of Scott's immortal novel "Ivanhoe", helped plan a n d supply an expedition against the British in Detroit in 1781, Natives of Langendorf, a vil- lage in Upper Silesia, the Gratz brothers received a good classi- cal education and were sent to London at an early age where they acquired a good business training. In 1754 Barnard came to Philadelphia. Five years later his brother Michael joined him and then established the firiri of B & M Gratz. Success was almost instanta- neous and a vast trading net- work was evolved. • his dangerous western expedi- tion. Men and supplies had been assembled at Fort Pitt, and car- ried down the Ohio River to the present site of Louisville. From there the' advance had been overland, through the lonely forests of Southern Illinois. The daring band of less than 200 had reached Kaskaskio, a n o 1 d French settlement on the Mis- sissippi, where they surprised the British garrison and claimed the settlement for Virginia. REPEAT PROCEDURE 16—THE JEWISH NEWS Friday, July 22, 1949 Memorial Tablet Will Mark Herzl's Residence in Paris PARIS (JTA) — The Paris Municipal Council voted au- thorization to the Zionist Federation of France to erect a memorial tablet on the building at 3'7 Rue Cambon where Theodor. Herzl, founder of political Zionism, live d and wrote "Der Judenstaat," laying down the principles of modern Zionism. The plaque will be unveiled in September at a ceremony in connection with the Con- g r e s s of European Zionist Federations to be held here under Jewish Agency aus- pices. I On the Record By NATHAN ZIPRIN (Copyright, 1949, Seven Arts Feature Syndicate, Inc.) Keep Your Eyes On London The success or failure of the Israeli-Arab peace talks will be determined at London and not at Lausanne . . . If you want to judge the direction the peace weather vane is to take keep your eyes on developments at that bastion of diplomacy known as 10 Downing Street .. . The expected collapse of the Arab League under military and political defeat is now a fact .. . How to re- place that house of cards with a new Arab-British structure is now the chief concern of the Bevinite clan . . . Bevin's Colonial Office is working feverishly to cement an Arab alliance against Israel . . . The advertised aim of the alliance is to pacify the angry currents in the Arab countries . .. Its real objective is to unite the Arab states for a belligerent move against Israel . . . It is for this reason that Bevin recently invited the rulers of Trans- jordan and Iraq to have tea with him in London . . . Bevin's hand and machinations are also revealed in his summoning of Britain's diplomatic representatives in the Middle East . . . The fact that the conference is to discuss such problems as the Arab refugee issue, the internationalization of Jerusalem, the Negev, the arm- ing of the Arab states and oil concessions shows its purpose . . Why discuss problems that are on the agenda of the Lausanne conference? . . . The only possible conclusion is that London has decided to replace the Arabs at Lausanne . . . Bevin's conspiracy against Israel is as bold as it is dangerous . . . He has won over France . . . Unless the anti-Israel currents in the State Depart- ment are checked by the White House the anti-Israel alignment may lead to more than just another political crisis. They had repeated the same procedure in Cahokia, Ill., also an old French settlement on the Mississippi, finishing by the capture of Vincennes (Indiana) on the Wabash in February 1779. Their gallant exploit had brought to the possession of the United States nearly all the vast Northwest Territory. One VIENNA, (JTA) — Observance Under The Spotlight important enemy stronghold of "Theodor Herzl Month" be- Paper money bearing the imprint of the swastika is circulating remained, the strategic post at gan throughout Austria and will unhampered in the British zone in Germany • . British officials Detroit. In the summer of 1781 continue through Aug. 10 when to whbse attention this typical bit of Nazi impudence has been SIGNED RESOLUTION Their business took a some- Clark commenced to prepare an the remains of Herzl, founder drawn promised to look into the matter . . . But that is where what altered character dur- attack against it, encouraged by of political Zionism, will be flown the matter still stands . .. Nazis are returning in growing num- bers to public life in Germany . . . This is no mystery when it is mg 1765, for Michael and Governor Thomas Jefferson of to Jerusalem for reinterment. realized that over 50 per cent of the German people still believe Barnard Gratz signed the Virginia. A guard of honor is stationed that Hitler was right . . . Fishback, a small town near Nurenberg, Non - Importation Resolutions. Michael Gratz, through his at Dr. Herzl's grave throughout They joined in this emphatic agent at Pittsburgh, advanced the month while memorial meet- recently elected as mayor a former SS commander . . . On the day protest against the Stamp . supplies for the proposed cam- ings are scheduled to be held in the mayor took office the town was decorated with swastikas and Act, filled with patriotic ardor paign to the value of nearly Vienna, as well as in other Jew- anti-Semitic streamers in the good old Hitlerian style . . . And the for their adopted land. As a 1500 pounds. General Clark and ish communities, and in DP band, of course, played the Nazi hymn of hate . And if you result, the profitable lines pre- his adjutant, Colonel Pentecost, camps. An exhibit of Dr. Herzl's think the Nazis have been idle among the Germans in this coun- viously purchased in London pledged their personal credit as writings, mementos and person- try you had better wake up ... Recently a German language paper Were discontinued; domestic endorsers for Virginia. The pro- al belongings will be open to the in Cincinnati featured an article defending and justifying prac- .articles took on a greater im- posed expedition failed, due public for the duration of the tically all of the Nazi misdeeds . . . Similar articles made their way in other German sheets in this country . . . Hitler, may his portance. largely to the inability of Penn- observance. name and memory be eradicated forever, boasted of world domi- In 1769, Michael Gratz mar- sylvania and Virginia Partisans Dr. Herzl's remains, as well as nation . . . But his apologists and defenders would now have us ried Miriam, daughter of Joseph to get along together. Clark was Simon, Lancaster entrepreneur. forced to abandon his plans and those of his parents, will be believe that humanity's vilest beast never harbored such dreams. transferred on Aug. 8 from This is the thesis of a recently published book by the Chicago This alliance had a lasting in- the signing of peace in 1783 Doebling cemetery, outside here, preacher, Ludwig Fritsch . . . He fires his wrath at Roosevelt and fluence on the commercial deal- found 'England still holding De- to the Vienna Synagogue where his gang and his pity at Hitler . .. Fritsch calls himself a Pan- ings of the Gratzes. Simon was troit. Michael Gratz received a special religious will be Germanist of the old school . • . But that line of demarcation be- involved in numerous enter- only a partial payment in tobac- held. The remains service will then be prises which stretched as far co for equipment he had fur- flown, via Tullin Airbase, to tween Pan-Germanism and Nazism is so thin as to challenge de- tection even by the most gigantic telescopes . . . Another man of west as the Mississippi. Begin- nished, and this only after the the cloth, Reverend Terminello, is about to hit the headlines .. ning as a storekeeper, the old insistent urging of Colonel Israel. Members of the Vienna Jewish gentleman had entered into the Pentecost. The latter had be- community staged a procession Since the reversal of his conviction by the U. S. Supreme Court, been consumed by ambition to replace Gerald K. Indian trade and the subsequent come a staunch friend of the to the grave of Herzl. The pro- the reverend has acquiring of great tracts of land. Gratz Brothers. 'After hostili- cession, in which leaders of Zi- Smith . . . A Texan gentleman whose money has been oiling the ties had closed they formed a onist groups, the World Jewish wheels of bigotry is working desperately to heal the rift on the EARLIEST FUR TRADERS front. His pack trains had • brought partnership with him, for colo- Congress and the Joint Distri- bigotry Pegler's smear of the UJA via the assertion that Dubinsky's nizing a portion of the present supplies to General . Edward bution Committee participated, union had forced its members to make contributions has come to Braddock, and his agents, were state of Kentucky. was arranged in observance of plague him ... His desk is flooded with an avalanche of indignant among the earliest fur traders Theodor Herzl Month. letters from non-Jewish union members. at Fort Pitt (Pittsburgh). A Bnai Brith Women Name (JTA)—Dr. Isidore number of companies brought TEL AVIV, Shalit, long-time secretary of them into partnership with Fund-Raising Committee the late Dr. Theodor Herzl, left such hardy adventurers as Cap- Mrs. Robert C. Coggan, presi- for Vienna to make final ar- tain William Trent, David Franks, William Murray, George dent of the Greater Detroit Bnai rangements for the removal of Croghan, RoSS, Rumsey, and Brith Women's Council an- the late leader's remains to Israel. Others. The brothers • were already nounced the following commit- concerned with the "Illinois tee for the fund-raising affair Chajes-Kozenn Foreign Country", the region north of to be held on Nov. 28, at the Radio Broadcasts Set the Ohio, when their closer alli- Masonic Temple: - ance with Joseph Simon took Mrs. Morris Tack, over-all Julius Chaj es, n a ti on ally place. In 1768 they participated in outfitting the expedition of chairman; Mrs. Kalman Bruss, known pianist-composer and his Colonel John Wilkins, the new in charge of tickets; Mrs..Sam- wife, soprano Marguerite Ko- commander of the diStrict. Their uel Gutterman, ad chairman; zenn, are on their fourth con- secutive European concert tour. agent, William Murray, accom- They are scheduled fbr ap- panied the troops from Phila- secretary to ads, Mrs. Leonard Three Scrolls of the Law and a rare set of Shas, the Talmudic delphia to the West to establish Goldhaber; arrangements, Mrs. pearances over the B.B.C. in Sam Wexler; program, M r s . London, Radiodiffusion Fran- commentary, were part of a shipment of religious articles shipped trading headquarters. When the break with England Louis Barden; editor, Mrs. Ellis caise in Paris, Radio Beromuen- to Israel this month by the Mizrachi Women's Organization of occurred, Michael Gratz re- Fisher; arbitration, Mrs. Samuel ster in Switzerland, Radio Vi- America, major women's religious-Zionist group in the United turned to the business of ship- Aaron; publicity, Mrs. Bernard enna and Salzburg and Radio States. Left to right: Mrs. Nachman H. Ebin, national vice- president and chairman of Mizrachi Women's child restoration ping, in which he had enjoyed Goodman; fund raising secre- Rome. department; Rabbi Aaron D. Burack; Rabbi Simcha Rabinowitz They will also appear over considerable experience prior to tary, Mrs. Lorraine Lipson. and Mrs. Lionel Golub, acting national president and chairman the Non-Importation Resolu- Fund - raising chairmen of "Kol Israel" in Tel Aviv and of the national board of Mizrachi Women. Photo was taken just tions of 1765. Prosperity in busi- the 16 Bnai Brith women's Jerusalem, where special broad- before Rabbis Burack and Rabinowitz, who accompanied the ness commenced and Michael chapters will work with this casts of Chaj es' music are being shipment, embarked on the Neptunia for Israel. planned. purchased his first ship, "The committee. Rising Sun." Together with Rob- ert Morris and other revolution- ary leaders, he engaged in out- fitting "private. men-of-war" and sending them forth to prey on British commerce. Austria Observes `llerzl Month' . Valuable Shipment for Israel HOPELESS HERMAN BY KA ULEE MOVE HEADQUARTERS When the enemy entered Philadelphia after the battle of Brandywine, the Gratz Brothers removed their headquarters to Lancaster, Pa., where they found Michael's father-in-law busy manufacturing rifles for the patriot's cause, in partnership with William Henry, Revolution- ary leader. The struggle for independ- ence had its repercussions in Rival companies the West. became united in a common cause; the Gratz Brothers be- ° came associated with their former competitors from Vir- ginia. In 1781, the two groups concerned themselves in a ven- ture of extreme importance, the proposed attack on De- troit. Three years earlier, George Rogers Clark had set forth on That's what makes it So important For us all To set our sights On the quick U.N. adoption Of a world-wide Hopeless Herman's always ready to jump right into the fray To defend the Constitution of the good old U.S.A.; But it's clear that Hopeless Herman doesn't really know the score, When it comes to guarding freedoms over on some foreign shore. But we're not all Hopeless Hermans and we know that tyranny Never keeps within the boundaries of "some land across the sea." For when speech and press and worship are not free for everyone. We may all wind up with bullets from some would-be Hitler's gun! Bill of Rights.