Page Seventy-One

THE JEWISH NEWS

Friday, September 12, 1947

Women's Council
Scholarships Go
To 12 Abroad

War Record Proves
Jews Responded to
Duty Magnificently

N. Y. to Jerusalem in
35 Hours and 5 Minutes

A new direct flight from New
York to Lydda, the airport serv-
ing Jerusalem, takes 35 hours
and 5 minutes, with a look en
route at Newfoundland, Ireland,
Geneva, Rome and Cairo. Air ex- !
press shipments for Palestine
_can now reach there via "The

By DR. SAMUEL C. HOBS

Statistical surveys in 26 cities
have shown that the percentage
of Jews in the armed forces dur-
ing the war was in most commu-
nities higher than the percentage
of the general population in serv-
ice. In some cities the Jewish

LATE RAYMOND ZUSSMAN

that as of -January 1, 1946, the
probable minimum number of
Jews who had answered the call
to service was 550,000.
The survey also showed the
following distribution of Jewish
servicemen: Army, 80.59%; Navy,
16.4670; Coast Guard, 1.14%; Ma-
rine Corps, 1.81%.
Of the Jews serving in the
Navy, 9.38% were line officers,
3.92% medical officers, 1.20%
supply officers, 0.38% engineers,
and 0.28% other officers.
At present the Bureau has a
roster of 35,157 Jewish casualties
in World War II. Included are:
10,426 Jewish war dead, 8,006 of
whom were killed in action;
18,003 wounded; 304 missing in
action; 3687 taken prisoners by
the enemy.

servicemen exceeded the general
population by as much as six
per cent. While in others the dif-
ference was only one per cent,
the general tendency is unmis-
takable that the Jewish partici-
pation in the war was fully up
to expectations. The survey was
launched in October, 1941, and
sponsored by 38 national Jewish
organizations.
Representatives of the sponsor-
ing organizations made up an ad-
visory committee of War Records

of the National Jewish Welfare
Fund. _Then a technical commit-
tee of statisticians was named,
to guide the Bureau and to re-
view its findings. Chairman of
both committees was Dr. Louis
I. Dublin, second vice-president
of the Metropolitan Life Insur-

ance Co. and its chief statistician.
The Bureau needed, first of all,
to analyze the job that lay ahead
of it, to assess the problems it
would face.

Work With Communities

A conference with War and
Navy Department officials soon
disclosed that Jewish servicemen
could not be identified as such
by an examination of the official
records. The Bureau would have

to work directly through the
communities themselves, and
would have to develop with them
the ways of measuring the extent
of Jewish participation.
Though it soon became evident
that the Bureau could not hope
to have a complete name-by-
name record of Jews in the
armed services, it urged every
local community to keep a rec-
ord of all local servicemen—a
task which was practicable ex-
cept in New York and a few
other large cities.
The Bureau began at once es-
tablishing rosters, as complete as
possible, of the following: Jews
who died in the service; the
wounded; those captured by the
enemy, and those reported miss-
ing in action. As the war con-
tinued, the figures in each
changed—and they were still

Detroiter Gets Medal of Honor

At least one Jew received the
Congressional Medal of Honor.
He is Raymond Zussman of De-
troit. Seventy-four were award-
ed the Distinguished Service
Cross, 37 the Navy Cross, and 47
the Distinguished Service Medal.
Altogether, the records show
61,448 service awards (including
the Purple Heart which was given
eluding the war dead.
Impressive as these figures are,
to 26,009 Jewish servicemen, in-
they are far from complete. The
names of the men who suffered
casualties or received awards
were, for the most part, derived
originally from government re-
leases which themselves varied
in accuracy, being most complete
in the case of those killed in
action and least complete with
respect to awards. In addition,
the Bureau and its local commit-
tees were unable to authenticate
the names of all the Jews who
appeared in these lists. It is prob-
able, therefore, that the count
of the number of Jews killed in
action, for which the record is
fullest, is 15 per cent to 20 per
cent less than the actual number
and that the numbers listed for

changing, with new information
continually coming in.

Problems of Study
To fill in the picture of Jewish
participation in the armed serv-
ices, the Bureau embarked on
studies of two types: 1. Popula-
tion studies in Jewish communi-
ties, to obtain analyses of sizable
Jewish populations together with
the numbers in the armed forces;
2. Studies of the contributions
of special Jewish groups; namely,
physicians, dentists, recent immi-
grants, farm families. It was also
necessary to make an analysis of
the distribution of Jews among
the several branches of service.
The first of the population
studies was made as early as
August, 1942; moat of them, how-
ever, were made in 1944 and 1945,
when the greater part of the na-
tion's armed forces were already
mobilized; in all, twenty-six coin-

Greetings

Om The New Year

GROSS, Inc.

munity studies were made. • In

most of these communities, these
studies were inclusive of all Jews.
In New York, Chicago and Los
Angeles, the Bureau used scien-
tific sampling procedures to
rive at its results.
550,000 In Service
Ori the basis of these studies
and other data, it was concluded

Bombay Merchant," a week-end
air express service from Washing-
! ton which makes an intermediate
stop at Lydda en route to Bombay.

HOLIDAY GREETINGS

CLEANERS & DYERS

A. J. MARSHALL CO.

HOTEL - INSTITUTION

CARLA POLAK
A young Dutch woman who es-
caped a Nazi detention camp dur-

ing the war to study social work
in Switzerland has arrived in the
United States to continue her
studies on a- scholarship granted
by the National Council of Jewish -
Women.
She is Carla Polak, 27, who will
specialize in child welfare at the
George Warren grown School of
Social Work at Washington Uni-
versity; St. Louis. On completion
of her training, like seven previ-
ous scholarship winners, Miss
Polak will return to her native
country to assist in the rehabili-
tation program of the Jewish
community.
When the Nazis entered Ant-
werp in 1940, Miss Polak was a
volunteer social- worker in the
Antwerp YWCA. She was in-
terned at Camp Riversaltes in the
French Alps for three months.

AND

10219 WOODWARD

RESTAURANT SUPPLIES

TO. 8-7600

3639 WOODWARD
TE. 1-9490

GREETINGS
ON THE
NEW YEAR

non-combat deaths and awards is

only about half the true number.
This means that there were
hundreds of Jewish war dead
and thousands of wounded or

decorated heroes whose names do
not appear i the lists assembled
by the Bureau.

FRIGID FOOD
PRODUCTS

1599 EAST WARREN

WRIGLEY
STORES,
INC.

?iwiti-7eiose4 PS

teasel

New Year Greetings

Mot 120

re

1947-5708.

From the

G

Entire Staff

ra wia--all_our:friends:and'

patrons_and - alLthe Jewish,
people—a-year-of- health,
bappiness_an_ct. p_r_osperity

of the

ARTHUR MURRAY

DANCE STUDIOS

WASHINGTON BLVD. at STATE

estasusaso 1760

