Page Six THE JEWISH NEWS Friday, January I9, 194S Four Centuries of American deal Servia From Mexico in 1524 to Detroit in 1945 The Story of the Detroit Jewish Hospital and its Historical Rela- tionships to Jewish and General Projects of the Past HE JEWS'' of Detroit are about to write a fresh chapter in the colorful history of American medical service, a history that goes back more than four centuries. The first hospital in America, at least so the story goes, was estab- lished by Cortez in Mexico City about 1524. The first hospital in Canada was established in Quebec in 1639 and the second in Montreal in 1664. The first hospital in what is now the United States dates back to 1663, on Manhattan Island. Hospitals, a s we know them, however, did not begin in this country until about 1750. T h e Pennsyl- vania Hospital, in Philade 1phia, founded in' 1751 and the New York Hospital, 1791, are among the first that can claim consecu- tive and success- ful operation to this day. An alphabetical list of cities with a general Jewish Hospital is an im- posing one: Baltimore, Boston, Bridgeport, Brooklyn, Chicago, two; Cincinnati, Cleveland, Denv- er, Hartford, Kansas City, Los Angeles, two; Louisville, Milwau- kee, Montreal, Newark, N e w Orleans, New York, with fourteen; Passaic, Paterson, Philadelphia, with three; Pittsburgh, Provi- dence, Roxbury, Mass., St. Louis, San Francisco and Toronto. These general hospitals are ex- elesive of special institutions, on The committee already has secu) ed the promise of a number (1 friends of the movement that the will give it every support. The tine is opportune for additional worker to rally to the cause. This articl is a general invitation to the Jew of Detroit to write to Jewish HoE! pital Association (51 West Warrel Avenue, Detroit 1) or to phom (COlumbia 1600) to advise the con mittee of willingness to serve a workers in the coming campaign. German Influence In Latin-America Landau's Significant Report to Advisitry Board of Jewish News By GEULAH GANDAL 4 4 . OLDEST HOSPITAL The oldest Jew- i s h Hospital i n America, still functioning a n d known as one of t h e outstanding institutions of its kind in the world, is Mt. Sinai, in New York, established in 1852 as the Jews' Hospital, Touro Infirmary, established in 1854, in New Orleans, is perhaps the second oldest among hospitals under Jewish auspices still in ex- istence. San Francisco had s Bikkur Holim Society as far back as 1857, but the present Mt. Zion Hospital in that city dates back to 1888. In the meantime, Chicago organ- ized a Jewish Hospital in 1868, and Baltimore, in the same year, set up a hospital and home for the aged. The hospital has since come to be known as the Sinai Hospital. The Chicago hospital served until 1871, when it was destroyed by fire. In 1879, another attempt to est- ablish a new Jewish Hospital in Chicago was made when Henry and Joseph Frank, as trustees for Michael Reese, offered $30,000 on condition that a hospital would be named for Mr. Reese. A group of other trustees, also holding Michael Reese funds, then contributed $50,- 000 as an endowment toward main- tenance and the movement was under way, with the Michael Reese Hospital opening in 1881. OTHER JEWISH HOSPITALS Cincinnati's Jewish Hospital goes back to some time before the turn of the century and the St. Louis Jewish Hospital was founded in 1900. Since that time, hospitals have come into being in community after community throughout the country. Almost every city with a Jewish population of 10,000 or more, is established and main- tained a Jewish Hospital. Detroit has been an outstanding exception. the story of other cities. The record is clear that Detroit is undel.liospi- talized—and that there are great civic and communal values 'in the proposed institution. The Jewish Welfare Federation has endorsed the project and is furnishing tech- nical direction. A group of out- standing citizens has offered lead- ership and support as evidence that the movement is in responsi- ble hands, with a modern, 200-bed institution of high standards, a assured fact. a local, regional or national basis. In this category are National Jew- ish Hospital and the Jewish Con- sumptive Relief Society, in Denver; the Leo N. Levi Hospital in Hot Springs, Arkansas; two tubercul- osis institutions in Liberty, New York; the Jewish Consumptive and Ex-patient Relief Hospital in Los Angeles; the Monticello, New York Hospital; the Jewish Tuberculosis Hospital at Rutland, Massachu- setts; and the Mt. Sinai Sanator- ium at St. Agathe, Quebec. Similar special institutions also operate in Philadelphia, Baltimore and St. Louis. $2,000,000 NEEDED HERE Recently, the Hospital Commit- tee for the Jewish Hospital As- sociation of Detroit prepared a brochure, in which were raised the questions that the contributing public might want to have answer- ed regarding the new general hos- pital in Detroit under Jewish aus- _ pices, for which a cainpaign to secure a minimum of $2,000,000 is about to be conducted. Among other questions were these: How does Detroit compare with other cities? How do other cities take care of such matters? Why has Detroit been an excep- tion among American communi- ties? What example from other cities applies to Detroit? Here, set before the reader, is F Fascism is to be eliminated in Latin America, anti-Semitism must be eradi- cated." Jacob Landau, managing director of the Jewish Telegraphic Agency and the Overseas News Agency, sounded this timely warn- ing in -an important address on Jan. 11, at a meeting of the Community Advisory Commit- tee of The Jewish News and a number of key persons in local movements, in the Butzel Hall of the Jewish Community Center. Basing his interesting report on his findings in Latin American countries, as a result of a four-month tour of all but three of these lands, Mr. Landau pointed out that until the advent of Nazism there had been no Jewish problem JACOB LANDA1 as such, anti-Jewish sentiment having arisen as a result of strong German influence and the 'propaganda of Goebbels. 600,000 In South America In speaking of the Jewish positio There are 600,000 Jews in all of in Latin America Mr. Landau state South America and for the most part that in his opinion, it depends to . there had been no differentiation be- great extent on solving the Argentin tween them and the general popula- ian problem. He emphasized the fac tion until the Nazis began their cam- that the country is ripe for a genuine paign, distributing millions of pamph- democracy, declaring that the people lets and posters and spreading their definitely are opposed to the presen hatred through the ether waves, Mr. regime. Landau pointed out. He stated that Danger From the Right Goebbels had been successful in his propaganda efforts because he had Mr. Landau pointed out that th employed two methods not utilized by danger in Latin America is from th the United States or any other power right and not from the left. Presiden seeking to create a sphere of influence. Roosevelt is very popular in Soutl America and a New Deal could be He organized the population accord- ing to the constituent elements for he stituted with facility: The masses mus realized that propaganda without or- be made to feel that their bettermen ganization is ineffective: He also placed has come through the U. S. and tha multitudes of natives on the payroll, the misery which they suffer now wil usually managing to include the family not prevail under North America) of the officials of the various countries, influence. thus assuring himself of their friend- Mr. Landau feels that the solution ship. of the Jewish problem depends to .z Mr. Landau observed that the Ger- large extent on working with the man power in some of these countries liberal elements as represented by the was tantamount to taking over a sub- labor movement, the progressive prod stantial share of the government. fessionals and the liberal industrialists Many young Jews are participating -i Shrewdness of Nazis the progressive movements. Commenting on the shrewdness of He told of the many charges whicli the Nazis in their Latin-American are being hurled at the Jews of Latir dealings, he indicated that in Brazil, America. The claim is made that man) , where the racial problem has been of them came into the countries oil entirely solved, they arouse the popu- pretense of being farmers and instea lation by convincing them that the engaged in commerce and industry. Jew considers himself superior and thereby is undermining the racial According to Mr. Landau, many o amicability which they have achieved. these .prOmises were falsified withou, Mr. Landau felt that an attempt the knowledge of the refugees. He alsc was being made by Goebbels to link pointed out that it is almost impos• anti:.Semitic feeling with anti-U. S. sible for European Jews to becomE sentiment. Many references are made farmers in much of South America to President "Rosenfeld", thus camou- for the climatic conditions are impos• flaging the anti-U. S. propaganda in a sible and the rate of pay is from $1 cloak of anti-Semitism. to $2 per week. The farmer's status much the same as that of the cooli( Jews Strangled Politically in China. According to Mr. Landau, the Jews as a rule are not discriminated against Complaints Grossly Unfair economically or socially. However, po- On the other hand the complaint: litically and culturally they are being against the Jews for monopolizing strangled. In the Argentine there is commerce and industry are grossly Catholic domination of the public unfair, he declared, since the Jews schools and Jewish children attending have improved the standard of living these schools are subjected to the and have given. employment to hun dogmas of the Catholic faith. dreds upon hundreds of natives. There are Jewish schools run by the Mr. Landau recently supervised th€ Yiddish and Hebrew elements as well opening of a branch of the J. T. A. - ir. as schools run by organizations such Mexico. This new agency releases z as the ICA. and Poale Zion. Mr. Lan- daily review in. Spanish which goeF. dau made note of the fact that in the to all South and Central Americar ICA schools, which are exclusively countries. Jewish, Catholic instruction is given and the Catholic atmosphere domi- His address here was the first in a nates. Many Jewish parents insist upon series of informative reports onth fending their children to the public status of the Jews throughout • tn.( schools in spite of the • Catholic in- world to be arranged. by The Jewish fluence, fearing segregation. News.