THE 'JEWISH

Fr1day, 'January S, 1945

Plight of Hungarian Jews
Bared in Smuggled Report

First Authentic Details of Pogroms and Deportations are
Described in Report Reaching Geneva from Buda-
pest; Thousands Conscripted for Forced Labor

By ARON HERMAN
GENEVA, (JTA)—The first authentic report on the situation of
the Jews in Budapest and other sections of Hungary since last
March, when the German Army occupied the country, reached here
this week.
The report, smuggled out of Budapest, says "The Germans en-
- tered Hungary on March 21, 1944 and immediately started the seg-
. regation of Jews into ghettos. This was followed by mass-deporta-
tions, so that by the middle of July not a single Jew remained in
the Hungarian part of Transylvania, in the Carpathian section of the
country and in southern Hungary. More than 600,000 Jews were
deported within two months, most of them to the extermination
camp of Oswiecim, iri German-occupied Polaa
"From Budapest only about 10,000 were deported at that time,
while more than 250,000 Jews were herded into special 'Jewish
buildings.' It was hoped that these. Jews would be left alone, but
the situation took a new turn in the middle of October, soon after
the pro-Nazis Szalasy Government came to power."
(The situation regarding the Jews in Budapest, however,
may have been changed since the entry of Russian troops into
the capital, but so far no official word has been issued by the
liberating army.)
Nazi Tanks Attack Homes, Thousands Killed
Aeting upon the orders of Premier Szalasy and supported - by
German troops, Hungarian anti-Semitic Arrow Cross units carried
out a pogrom on Oct. 15, during which many thousands of Jews
were massacred on the streets of Budapest, the report continues.
On the • pretext that Jews were hiding arms in the "Jewish
buildings" Arrow Cross units invaded Jewish homes and dragged
the residents into the street killing them. German tanks and
armored cars fired at buildings from which Jewish residents refused
to leave.
On Oct. 16, art order was issued prohibiting Jews to leave their
dwellings. The order remained in force fpr five days, during which
no Jew could secure food. It was followed by segregation of all
Jews in a ghetto which was established in the section of the city
around Tabak Street which is thickly-populated by Jews. The Jew-
ish population was given several days notice to move into the
ghetto premises. •
Red Cross Helps 14,000 Holders of Passports
About 14,000 Jews in Budapest who were holders of Palestine
emigration certificates and of "security passports" issued by the
Swiss and Swedish legations were taken under the protection of
the International Red Cross in Hungary. They were not ordered
into the ghetto, but were kept in special houses in a fashionable
section of the city. It was understood that they were to be allowed
to leave for neutral countries with the permission of the •Hungarian
authorities.
Meanwhile, the Szalasy Government issued an order conscript-
ing all able-bodied Jews—men up•to 60 and women up to 40—for
forced labor. It was indicated that 50,000 of these laborers would
be sent to Germany. Actually the number deported to Germany
was more than 100,000. The remaining Jews were put to work
building fortifications in the vicinity of Budapest. Only children
and aged persons remained in the ghetto.
Soon the Arrow Cross units, who were in .charge of driving Jews
to forced labor, began to hunt for Jews in the section where the
holders of Palestine certificates and security passports resided.
Hundreds Become Insane, Many Die of Disease
Members of the Arrow Cross organization continued theirjaids
on Jewish homes in the ghetto, leaving the aged and the sick to
sleep on the bare wooden floors of crowded houses and in dark un-
ventilated basements. Many hundreds of Jews became insane,
others died of diseases which developed in the ghetto. No medical
aid was available.
During the raids Jews were murdered - by the hundreds. What
has happened to those who were taken to work on fortifications
around Budapest is not known:, Up to today no information Is
available as to their fate. It is assumed that many of them were
among the 100,000 Budapest Jews who, early this month, were
driven on foot to the Austrian frontier and perished either en route,
or in the woods at the Austro-Hungarian border after the Germans
selected only 2,000 as fit for labor in copper mines.
(The Jewish Telegraphic Agency correspondent in Berne,
Switzerland, Bert Wyler, was informed this week by a 33-year-
old Jew who escaped from Budapest less than a week ago that
hundreds of thousands, mostly Jews, who opposed the Szalasy
regime, were murdered. This refugee, who escaped by bribing
• Gestapo agents, has aged and looks like 60. His identity can
not be revealed. His story is one of the most hair-raising
recorded in recent years regarding atrocities inspired by the
Nazis).

Anti-Semitism Repudiates
Constitution, Wylie Writes

Noted Author's Article in American-Mercury Says 'No
Jew Has a Fair Chance in Free America'; Riesel
Reports Split in Native Fascist Network

.

NEW YORK (JPS)—"To be an anti-Semite is to repudiate our
Constitution and to deny every syllable of meaning in the story of
America," Philip Wylie, author and journalist, declares in an article
titled "Memorandum on Anti-Semitism" appearing in the January
issue of The Ainerican Mercury . magazine.
"Even in free America," Wylie says, "no Jew has an exactly
fair chance; and.no Jew can tell when next the -edge of undeserved,
unexpectable insult will cut him. Try to imagine how you would
behave if you discovered tomorrow, that you. were not a Gentile,
as you'd supposed, but a Jew ... . Were you a Jew even for one
day. you would remember the effect of that hard, transparent wall
all the rest of your life."
Anti-Semites are victims partly of our "poor American educa-
tion," Wylie says. "In spite of the fact that America understood
its biologically superb and idealistically wonderful function as a
`melting pot,' Am.erica's little red schoolhouse, never taught the
. similarity of people. It concentrated on their differentness."
Report .Split in Fascist, Anti-Semitic Ranks . Here
A split in the native fascist network is reported by Victor Riesel,
New York Post columnist, who reveals that some of the 26 defend-
ents at the recent mass sedition. trial in Washington have accused
Fr. Charles E. Coughlin, the ReV. L. K. Smith and other leading
isolationists of "desertion."
DetrOiters among - the defendants have turned against Smith,
jeering because he can no .longer attract crowds and because he is
printing less than 10,000 copies of his "Cross and The Flag" mag-
azine. Defendant Edward Jaines, Smythe, charged recently that
Coughlin "did not hesitate to use the misery and suffering of
fellow patriots to fatten 'his' purse . ." Joseph McWilliams is
described by former colleagues as "susceptible to irresponsible
women."

rage t nrew

NEW

Vi7 eeklv Review of the News of the World

(Compiled From Cables of independent Jewish Press Service)

PALESTINE

AMERICA

Over $400,000,000 was invested by the Jews
in Palestine in the past 25 years, David ben
Gurion, chairman of the Executive of the
Jewish Agency for Palestine, revealed at the
Zionist conference held in Jerusalem under the
auspices- of the Keren Hayesod, Palestine
Foundation Fund. The Zionist funds, he said,
were the pioneer capital stimulating private in-
vestments of tens of millions of pounds .
The Soviet Government was anpealed to
by Jewish Palestine to serve noti on be-
leagued Budapest, Hungary's capital, that it
would face dire consequences should the Hun-
garian Nazi-collaborationists go through with
their . plans to exterminate the 75,000 Jews
within the city. The appeal to the Soviets was
addressed to Commissar of Foreign Affairs
Molotov, in a cable signed by Isaac ben Zvi,
president of the Vaad Leumi, Jewish Palestine's
National Council, and Chief Rabbis Isaac Her-
zog and Ben Zion Uziel.

Six hundred thousand Jews have , been
killed in vtrious German extermination camps
in Eastern Europe between March and July,
1944, according to neutral diplomats, Exchange
Telegraph reports from .Zurich. An additional
twenty thousand Jews have been murdered in
five German concentration camps in Poland,
according to the latest underground reports re-
ceived by the Polish National Council in Lon-
don. A message received by Dr. Emanuel
Scherer reports only 600 Jews survive out of
several thousand • at a forced labor camp at
Plaszow, near Cracow.
A Palestine economic bureau to provide "au-
thentic and unbiased information . . . to those
wllb are planning to establish businesses of
their own in Palestine after the war" will be
established within the Zionist Organizaticin of
America, Dr. Israel Goldkein, 'president, an-
nounced here. Dr. David Tannenbaum of New
York has been named head of the new depart-
ment.
The "Serviceman's Tribune," a religious
newspaper published by the Jewish Service-
men's Religious Bureau, a division of the
Agudath Israel Youth Council of America, an
ultra-orthodox organization, is being sent free
to Jewish servicemen all over the United States
and overseas.
A synagogue • in Mascara, in the Oran
Province .of Algeria ; was attacked and looted
by a band of masked men, according to a
Reuter's dispatch from Algiers.
A new course in religious philosophy, to be
known' as Human Relations and designed to
present the religious points of view of Jews,
Catholics and Protestants, will -be inaugurated
at Skidmore. College for the second semester,
Dr. Henry T. Moore, president of the college,
announced.
Ernest Frischer, member of the Czechoslo-
vak State Council and a delegate to the World
Jewish Congress War Emergency Conference
held in Atlantic City last November, has re-
turned to London.

NCRAC Accord
Avoids Conflict
Between Agencies

Elimination of conflict between
national and local defense "agen-
cies has been achieved by 'the
unanimous adoption of a resolu-
tion by the executive committee
of the National Community Re-
lations Advisory Council at its
recent meeting in New York.
The resolution provides that
national agencies "will not with-
out the approval and. content" of
local civic protective agencies,
"undertake any activity which,
in the opinion of the local or-
ganization, duplicates or conflicts
with_the local organization ac-
tivities, or which such local or-
ganization opposes."
"The resolution," said David
Sher, chairman of 'the NCRAC,
"is significant because it gives
practical assurance to the Amer-
ican Jewish community that the
national and local . civic protec-
tive agencies recognize the ab-
solute necessity for coordination
of activities through an agency
such as the National Community
Relations Advisory CounCil. In
providing that in .disputes be-
tween local -and national organ-
izations 'such difficulties should
be submitted to the NCRAC for
final determination,' the .six na-
tional and 18 local 'agenCies of.
the NCRAC have set up a su-
preme authority for coordination
of activities that will prevent
duplication of efforts.
The membership of the NCRAC
is composed of six national agen-
cies—American Jewish' Commit-
tee, American Jewish Congress,
Anti-Defamation League of Bnai
Brith, Jewish Labor Committee,
Jewish War Veterans of the U.
S. and Union of American .He-
brew Congregations—and 18 local
Civic protective agencies through-
out the country.

LaMed Awards Given
To 6 Participants

NEW YORK, (JTA)-----The 1943
Louis Lamed Foundation prizes
for Yiddish and Hebrew 'litera-
ture were presented at a recep-
tion in the Park Central IThtel,
attended by .more than 1,000
guests: Present to receive the
$250 awards were five American
writers, while the sixth .will be
ideo,
sent to H. Ayalty of Montev
Uruguay. Those to•whom prizes
were presented . were Joseph
Opatashu,. Aron Zeitlin, Harry
Sackler, A. , Epstein and Dr. S.
Feigin.

OVERSEAS

Yankel Babitsky, a 13 year, old Jewish lad
from Minsk, has received three high Soviet
awards for extraordinary exploits during his
service with a partisan detachment throughout
the period of German occupation. He holds the
Order of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner
and the Order of the Red Star.
The Belgian Government allocated the sum
of 600,000 francs ($26,000) for the maintenance
of Jews evacuated from Antwerp and Liege,
areas imperilled by the German offensive. The
evacuees live in army barracks in a suburb
near here.
Leon Degrelle, Belgian fascist, was tried
for treason in Brussels and sentenced to death,
in absentia. Degrelle is held personally respon-
sible for the deportation of 50,000 Belgian Jews
to death camps in Poland. He is now believed
operating in the proximity of the German-Bel-
gian front.
The organization of a Union of Jewish
Journalists, Artists and Actors was formed in
Lublin under the chairmanship of actor Jonas
Turkov.

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