Page Two

DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle

_

Howard Liebman, of New York
City, has come to Detroit to be-
come director of the District 6
13nai Brith Youth Organization.
He succeeds Leonard 13elove
has left the city.

By IRVING HAYETT
Jewish Chronicle Foreign Correspondent

A graduate of New York City
Cohege, Liebman has attended Co-
lumbia University and the Har-
vard Law School. For the past
three summers, he was waterfront
director at children's camps.

(Copyright 1946, All Rights Reserved)

HMI series of articles tells of the War Crimes
Trials in Frankfurt, Germany.

Article 17

Borkum Island Case

S

OME WEEKS AGO, I described the background in the prepara .
tion for the trial of the perpetrators of war crimes in the Borkum
Island Case. That trial is now going on and this is the way it
is going.

A General Military Government Court, consisting of seven mem-
bers, is sitting in the Borkum Island Case. The question of the juris-
diction of the Court became the very first issue. The contention of the
defense was that the Court has no right to try military and civilians
in the same Court. They asked for a severance and petitioned ths
Court to give the military accused a trial by Court Martial. The ru-
ing of the Court was that it had jurisdiction and after extensive argu-
ment, on the question of law involved, the Court held that the Com-
mander of Forces of a belligerent power has the power to appoint mil-
itary tribunals for the trials of both military and civilian accused foe
violations of the Laws of War.

On advice of Defense counsel the accused would not answer
any questions under oath. Major Levin, the inveAigating (Aker,
who went to Borkum Island in October, 1945, and took statements
from both the accused and witnesses, was the first witness called.
The first day was spent identifying the accused. The Defense had
caused some of the accused to shave off their mustaches and others
to let them grow. They even scrambled up the seating of the ac-
cused in order to confuse the Prosecution witness so that some
civilians were sitting with the officers and some guards were sit-
ting with the civilians. (They all wore civilian clothes.) Major
Levin had no difficulty pointing out each of the accused by name
and in addition, as will all attorneys who are witnesses, he made
many other observations. It has always amazed me that attorneys,
who should know better, never answer a question directly, but

always rationalize.

t '

After the accused had been identified, the statements taken by
Major Levin were introduced into evidence. They were read, first in
English and then translated into German, for the benefit of the ac-
cused and the German civilian Defense counsel. There was much ar-
gument, before they went in, about the legality of hearsay evidence
and the admissibility of documents tending to incriminate other de-
fendants. The Court again overruled all the objections of the Defense
and allowed them to go in. The Court makes broad and liberal rulings
on the admissibility of evidence and all the rules of evidence, as we
know them, are out the window.

After all the statements of the accused and witnesses had beer
read into the record, the Prosecution called two witnesses to identify
the indirect and circuitous route taken by the flyers in their death
march and to point out also the shortest route that could have been
taken, from where the plane crashed to the airport. They testified how
the flyers could have been marched had the Nazis wanted to put them
on a plane, alive, and transport them to a P.W. camp.

Then a physician was called to the witness stand to verify the
cause of death of the flyers. The cause of death. for each of the seven
flyers, was the same -- "Death wes due to a bullet wound in the back
of the head." The Prosecution then put witness after witness on the
stand to substantiate its claim that the flyers had been beaten first,
both by civilians and military on their death march and then shot.
The Prosecution proved to the Court by witnesses and documents
that the civilians, the guards, the officers, the mayor, the police chief
and the others on trial were all equally guilty and responsible for tID
deaths of the flyers. They showed that the mayor was responsible for
inciting the people to beat the flyers by standing on the corner and
shouting, "Here come the p:gs, the murderers, beat them to death."
That before the flyers came to town the mayor called up the R.A.D.
men and told them "The flyers are coming, now let's see what kind of
men you are." The Prosecution showed that the Commander of the
(Continued on Page 11

16-Year-Old Girl
Enjoys Birthday
By Giving Gift

Leda listened. She would be six-
teen years old in a few days and
her father promised her a very
special gift to celebrate her
"Sweet Sixteen". It was to be an
unusual watch--the kind of gift
to gladden the heart of any
young girl.

Leda had a decision to make -
and she did so without hesitation.
She had a long talk with her fa-
ther. She decided that the needs
of the Jews overseas called for
sacrifices from all portions of the
American Jewish community and
that she was not going to be an
exception. She had made up her
mind to make a special type of
sacrifice and give up her long-
dreamed of birthday gift.
And so the Elizabeth United
Jewish Appeal drive lists a con-
tribution of $300 from Leda
Waahberg — her unique contribu-
tion to the battle for Jewish sur-
vival.

Give to UJA

HOWARD LIEBMAN

Liebman has an ambitious prs-
gram of activities, which he pro-
poses to inaugurate and further.
These include a dramatic group,
a choral group, a BBYO news-
paper and yearbook, a film and
photography group and a BBYO
library.

The entire youth work in t'n-
Bnai Brith organization will cen-
ter around this program.

Harry Cohen Again
Heads Shaarey Zedek

Harry Cohen has been re-elected
president of Congregation Shaarey
Zedek for a third terra. Harry M.
Shulman, vice-president, %vas also
re-elected for a third year at the
annual meeting last week. Ben S.
Sidlow was named secretary and
Morris H. Blumberg, treasurer.

Cantor J. H. Sonenklar was also
re-elected for another year.

An extraordinary conference of
The conference will hear first-
American Jewish leaders to ad- hand reports of conditions tod ay
just American Jewry's program facing the 1,400,000 Jewish sur-
of rescue for the 1,400,000 Jewish vivors of Europe, more than 75
survivors of Europe in line with per cent of whom are outside the
recent world developments and to scope of UNRRA aid and depend
report on the progress of the na- for the essentials of life on the
tionwide $100,000,000 campaign of $100,000,000 United Jewish Appeal
the United Jewish Appeal for whiCh supports the programs of
Refugees, Overseas Needs and the Joint Distribution Committee,
Palestine will he held at the which provides relief and reha-
Standard Club in Chicago on bilitation assistance to destitute
Jews overseas; the United Pales.
Thursday, May 16.
The specially-convened confer- tine Appeal, which provides for
ence of the United Jewish Ap- the mass settlement and HAMM-
peal, which will be addressed by ing of the Jewish homeland in
key figures in American life, will Palestine; and the National Refu-
coincide with the scheduled ar- gee Service, which aids newcom-
rival in the United States of the ers to this country in their ad-
first boatload of displaced per- justment to the American way of
sons, including many stateless life.
European Jews, tinder President
In addition to the recommended
Truman's directive expediting the immigration of 100,000 European
admission to this country of 19,- Jews into Palestine, the Chicago
000 war refugees and orphans conference will consider also ad-
from the famine-stricken Conti- justments in the refugee rehabili-
tation program in the United
nent.
The tasks imposed on Ameri- States in view of the anticipated
can Jewish communities by Ur arrival in this country of thou.
expected transfer of 100,000 home- sands of homeless and destitute
less Jews to Palestine from dis- European Jews before the end of
placed persons camps in Germany the year.
will be among the many major The repatriation, which has al-
problems which will be placed b2. ready begun, of 150,000 Polish
ttoheyPofelaunndd
fore the Chicago conference for
f on ,
t u ss i s,
where
discussion. re
refu g e e Iduring
One of the principal speakers the war, will also be placed be-
at the Chicago conference, which fore the conference. Famine con•
will take steps to gear the large- ditions threatening the Jews of
scale relief, rehabilitation and re- Poland, Hungary, Rumania and
settlement programs of the Unit- other countries of Europe will be
ed Jewish Appeal to the Anglo- discussed and a broad program of
American Inquiry report and assistance drawn up to cope with
other major world developments, the crisis enveloping the Jewish
will be Henry Morgenthau, Jr., survivors of Europe.
former Secretary of the Treasury
Other prominent speakers at
the meeting will include Edward
M. M. Warburg, Chairman of the
Joint Distribution Committee and
of the United Jewish Appeal of
Greater New York; Mrs. David
M. Levy. Chairman of the Na-
tional Women•s Division of the
100 TABLETS 354
United Jewish Appeal; Edmund
I. Kaufmann, National Chairman
WORLD'S LARGEST SELLER AT IN
for Initial Gifts of the U.J.A.;
Walter Annenberg, publisher of
the Philadelphia Inquirer; Charles
Rosenbloom, National Chairman
Ivanhoe 0119
of the U.J.A and of the United
Northlawn 7544
Palestine Appeal; William Rosen-
wald, National Chairman of the
U.J.A., and Honorary President
of the U.J.A.

INTERIOR
Decorating Co.

KAHN CLEANERS

Receive Thanks

Originality in

8432 W. McNichols, nr. Cherry•

Painting

lawn, opp. Marygrove College

Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Brody, of
Detroit, were recipients of letters
of thanks from the Greater Mia-
mi Jewish Fessora•son and tit'
Committee of the Children's Cal
disc Home of Miami for contri-
butions made recently. The Brody!
gave 5,000 to the UJA in Miami
and $1,000 to the Horne.

Pick-up and Delivery ,Service

Sam Kasoff

UN. 3.4146

Joe Herko%itz

ABRAHAM LUDWIG
"Alt_.
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PAINTING —

PAPERHANGING — DECORATING

Beautiful Color Schemes. Finest Materials Used for Homes,

Stores, Offices. Pure White 1.ead and Linseed Oil Used Outside.

Sixteen-year-old Leda Mashberg,
of Elizabeth, N. J., celebrated h sr
"Sweet Sixteen" the other day
but in a different way. She cele-
brated by giving, instead of re
celving, a gift.

It happened during the sours-
of the Elizabeth drive on behalf
of the current $100,000,000 United
Jewish Appeal campaign for its.
fugees, Overseas Needs and Pal-
estine. Leda's father, Max Mash-
berg, one of the most active giv-
ers and workers in the Elizabeth
drive, was discussing with his
family the urgency of caring for
and rebuilding the lives of the
1,400,000 Jewish survivors over-
seas.

Extraordinary Conference at Chicag o
To Hear Morgentha ► and Warburg.

Bnai Brith Appoints
New Youth Director

REPORT FROM
GERMANY

Friday, May 10, 1946

ALL JOBS INSURED

FREE ESTIMATE

i .4l••..4••••• ••••4•••••......1.•1
#
:
#
ANNOUNCING
THE
OPENING
a
• :
•
4
• •
OF ,1
I

1

• •
•

• ,

LOOK WHO'S BACK! TOMMY RIGGS AND BETTY LOU! •
• A

•
•

N

There's good news tonight! Tommy Riggs—just out of the Navy—is back
in radio with his own show. With him, of course, is cute, delightful, irre-
sistible Betty Lou. Listen to this brand-nee, funnier-than-ever Borden Show!
Nice music . . . clean fun . . . tune in Tommy Riggs and Betty Lou
tonight and every Friday night . . . Station WJR . . . 6:30 P.M.

JEWISH FOLK CHORUS

HENRI GOLDBERG, Director

ALIZA STULMAN, Pianist

21st ANNUAL CONCERT, SUNDAY, MAY 26

at 8:30 p.m.
Masonic Temple Scottish Rite Cathedral

Guest Artist, GERTRUDE RIBLA, Famous Dramatic
Soprano

FEATURING THE ORATORIO

MOSHIACII BEN YOSEIF

Musk by JACOB SCHAEFER

Tickets at 2.40, 1.80, 1.20 Tax incl. at METRO MUSIC HOUSE,
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