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DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle

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Friday, April 12, 1946

CLIFTON AVENUE - CINCINNATI 20, OHIO

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WASHINGTON — Oil is fine
for industrial machinery but when
it gets into international ma-
chinery it is more likely to gum
the works than to ease the
hing of the gears. No one
s to be told that oil is politi-
dynamite. And no one, giving
a little thought to the kind of
economy we live in, needs to be
told why there is such eternal
angling and wrangling for oil con-
cessions, for control of pipelines,
for ownership of refineries, or why
some countries, bereft of such de-
posits, sometimes cast wistful
glances at oil-rich territories.
The Middle East has long been
the oily battleground where so
many of these politico-oil alterca-
tions have been fought out. The
reason, because the Middle East
has some of the world's richest
deposits of the bubbling black
liquid under its oft-contested sur-
face. It is interesting to place
these deposits on the map and to
have some idea of their average
daily output.
First of all lees take an oil field
in the United States as a measur-
ing rod. The largest oil deposits
in the United States are those of
the East Texas fields, discovered
in the 1930's and from which is
pumped some 300,000 to 350,000
barrels a day. Oil experts claim
that the world uses oil at about
the rate it is produced. Relating
this to actual use, of a barrel of
oil pumped today every drop will
have been consumed two months
from today.
The oil fields of Iran are con-
centrated in the southern part of
the country all within 150 miles
to the north and northeast of the
Persian Gulf. The combined out-
put of all the Iranian oil fields is
something like 325,000 barrels per
day. About 50,000 barrels of this
oil is returned to the ground af-

ter processing which makes about

275,000 barrels a daily production
figure for Iranian wells. The
fields of Iran are held by the Bri-
tish-controlled Anglo-Iranian Oil
Company, Ltd.
The tiny shiekdom of Kuwait,
bordered by Iran, Iraq, and Saudi
Arabia, and not more than 100
miles across in any direction, has
an important oil field on the Per-
sian Gulf. The field and a con-
cession covering the entire area
are owned by the Kuwait Oil
Company, which is in turn owned
half and half by the Anglo- Iran-
ian outfit and a subsidiary of

Gulf Oil Corporation.
Saudi Arabia, thought to have
the largest single oil deposit in
the world, has oil fields along the
middle western coast of the Gulf
at Abu Hadriya, Dammon, and
Abcjaiq. Daily output from the
Saudi Arabian fields Is in the
neighborhood of 100,000 barrels.
A field on Bahrein Island, just
off the Saudi Arabian coast and
above Qatar; produces about 20,-
000 additional barrels a day. The
Saudi Arabian and Bahrein oil
fields plus a sizeable concession in
Saudi Arabia are held by the Ara-

bian American Oil Company and
the Bahrein Petroleum Company,
Ltd., a Canadian concern, both
wholly and jointly owned by
Standard Oil Company of Cali-
fornia and the Texas Company.
In Iraq the fields are located

country and not far from the Tur-
kish and Iranian borders. The
fields of Iraq and Qatar, a small
peninsula in the Persian Gulf,

and concessions in Syria, Pales-
tine, and the Trucial Coast (which
forms the southern coast of the
Gulf) are held by the Iraq Petro-
leum Company, Ltd., which is
owned one quarter each by the
Anglo-Iranian, Royal Dutch-Shell,
Near East Development Company
(Standard of New Jersey and So-
cony-Vacuum), and a French
group, Cie Francaise de Petrolles.
The fields produce about 90,000
barrels a day.
Kirkuk field, largest field in
Iraq and one of the largest and
richest in the Middle East, sends
its oil by pipeline across the
plains of Transjordan and the
mountains of Syria to the Eastern
Mediterranean Seaboard. Termi-
nals of the pipeline are located in
Haifa, Palestine, and at Tripoli in
Lebanon.
In Haifa, - the huge plant of
Consolidated Refineries, Ltd., joint-
ly owned by the Anglo-Iranian
Oil Company, Ltd., and the Roy-
al Dutch-Shell Group, turns about
60,000 barrels of crude oil a day
into gasoline, oil and other petro-
leum products. Thus Palestine
plays a significant role in the
story of Iraq oil. But for the pipe-
lines (there is no refinery at Tri-
poli but oil received there is ship-
ped to France and other parts of
Europe for final processing) it
would be necessary to ship the
oil on a long and time-consuming
trip by the water route—through
the length of the Persian Gut?,
the Arabian Sea, the Gulf of
Aden, the Red Sea, through the
Suez Canal and then to the Medi-
terranean.
Logically, operation of the re-
finery at Haifa should result in
benefits to Palestine in the form
of reduced fuel costs. Such, how-
ever, is not the case and, as a
matter of fact, fuel costs are very
high. Robert R. Nathan, in his
new hook Palestine: Problem and
Promise, explains this disparate
situation as being "due to the ten-
der regard of successive British
governments for the profits of the
petroleum monopolists." In a
encouraging vein he says, "This
monopoly stranglehold is not a
fact of nature and can presuma-
bly be broken, in time, to Pales-
tine's great economic advantage."
And so the oil-pots simincr
away in the Middle East while
the Anglo-American Committee of
Inquiry hearings go on. One won-
ders if there will be any signifi-
cant shiny black spatters on the
record.

S

SEASON'S GREETINGS!

Early Troubles of
Zionist Leader
Prepare Him

(Continued from 'Page 2)

man Kohler was President and
Zionism was more "trefa" than
pork, Abba Hillel Silver neverthe-
less continued unfalteringly to
stand by Zionism.
Graduating from the Hebrew
Union, Silver's first rabbinical po-
sition was at Wheeling, West
Virginia. From • there, he was
called to Cleveland, Ohio. His pre-
decessor at Cleveland had been
vehemently anti-Zionist and there
was some alarm expressed when
the authorities at the Temple
found they had given a contract
to a Zionist rabbi. Dr. Silver,
however, offered to release them
from their contract if they de-
sired. They did not desire.
Dr. Silver found that the Tem-
ple in other ways was not as Jew-
ish as he wished. There was no
Sefer Torah in the Temple. Sil-
ver demanded that a Torah be
installed. He insisted also that
there be Saturday services. For-
merly there had been only a Sun-

Page Fifteen

rate, to the courageous battle of
Silver.
I have referred to the early
opposition to Zionism on the part
of some Jews who felt that it
was in conflict with the mes-
sianic ideas of Judaism. Yet of
course in the more fundamental
sense, Zionism is of the very es-
sence of this messianism. It sim-
ply insists that this redemption
for which the Messiah-lookers
hoped for, can only come if we
direct our efforts toward it. Jo-
shua in ancient times had to bat-
tle for the Promised Land. In
different ways, we have to bat-
tle for it today. It is very inter-
esting to note that perhaps the
best book extant on the topic of
the Messianic idea was written
by Abba Hillel Silver.

Plans Third Seder

The Seder Committee of the
Center Intermediate Groups plans
a third seder for Saturday, April
20, at 8:30 p. m., to be held at the
Center. Pesach refreshments, songs
and skits, followed by dancing,
will be included in the program.
The committee is headed by
Anne Lesnick, assisted by Har-
riet Simon, secretary and Henry
Lonnerstater, treasurer. Sub-com-
mittee chairmen include: publi-
city, Seymour Subar; Hagada, Phil
Genser; food, Janice Hertzberg;
entertainment, Seymour Mintz and
decorations, Fred Kunick and
Bernard Silberman.
Tickets are available for 15c tt
the Center office, or from repre-
sentatives of the two senior Ju-
dea groups, Little Women of Ha-
dassah, Saturns and AZA.

Pittsburgh Conference

Three staff members represent- PASSOVER GREETINGS!
ed the Center at the annual con-
ference of the Midwest Chapter,
National Association of Jewish
Center Workers, held in Pitts-
burgh on March 22-23. Harold
Arian, assistant director of the
Center, and Harold Weiss, direc-
We Specialize in
tor of the 12th Street Council
Center, were elected president
Fancy
Fruit Baskets
and vice-president, respectiVely,
of
the
association.
Sam
Neu-
day morning service.
11732 D
Dexter Blvd.
schats, intermediate director,
Today the ideas of Dr. Silver was part of the delegation of
TO. 8-9572
are not so uncommon among three staff persons who repre-
even members of the Reform sented the Center.
rabbinate. The very fact that Sil-
ver is today the President of the
Central Conference of American
Best Wishes for a Joyous Passover!
Rabbis in itself attests to this
fact. An we owe this fact—this
condition in some degree at any

Leo's Fruit and
Vegetable Market

H. JACOBSON COAL COMPANY

"Quality in Every Load"
PHONE PLAZA 3817

1971 THEODORE at G. T. R. R.

SEASO 'S GREETINGS!

Best Wishes for a Joyous Passover!

Edward C. Levy,
Inc.

NORMAN COTTLER - HARRY LEVIANT
GROCERIES

DEXTER - DAVISON MARKET

TRUCKING CONTRACTOR
Cinders, Slag for all purposes

13310 DEXTER

Groceries, Fancy Fruits & Vegetables, Appetizers and
Dairy Products
FREE DELIVERIES

8810 DIX AVE.

Grocery Dept. — Phone Townsend 8-1382 • 3

VINEWOOD 2.0771

Mr. and Mrs. Nate Goldman

Passover Greetings to All!

Extend Passover Greetings to Their Relatives and Friends,
and to the Entire Jewish Community.

DR. S. COLE

GOLDMAN

OPTOMETRIST—OPTICIAN

1107 FARMER ST.

FURNITURE CO.

Opp. Crowley Milner Co.

RAndolph 6776

13916 Woodward Ave.
TOwnsend 6-7151

9241 GRAND RIVER

Opp. Riviera Theater
HOGARTH 5908

Highland Park

0-0-CHXH:HXH:HX1-0-

•

INTERSTATE

Brief Record Co.

457 W. FORT ST.

PASSOVER
GREETINGS

RA. 8745

To You, Friends and Neighbors,

PASSOVER GREETINGS

The Officers and Members of the

Bnai David Ladies' Auxiliary

MRS. JOE WEINGARDEN, Pres.
SAM ZACK. Secretary.

Whom We Have Been Privileged

to Serve Over the Many Years,

We Extend Our Greetings and Best

Wishes for a Very Joyous Holiday!

* *

PASSOVER GREETINGS TO ALL!

A

florice

1514 WASHINGTON BLVD.

i'HONE

RANDOLPH 6565

FRANK
SEDER

AND

