Friday, October 20, 1911 DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle Page 12 STUDY (Continued from Page 1) Specific conclusions of the study of the relationships be- tween the two groups follow. Since most of the conflict seemed to come from commercial rela- tionships between them, the study deals largely with these in the Hastings St., Oakland Ave., and West Warren Ave. districts. The results of studies of mutual at- titudes of Negroes and Jews are also included. 1. Jewish business does not have a monopoly on Hastings, Oakland or Warren. Negro busi- ness is increasingly important in all three areas. On Hastings 27 per cent of the Negro business concerns studied, as contrasted with but five per cent of the Jewish, had come into the area in the past five years; on Oak- land 100, per cent of the Negro as contrasted with but 14 per cent of the Jewish concerns had come in during the same period. 2. More and more Negroes are developing buying habits sim- ilar to those of the larger com- munity. Since more negroes do not feel that they have to buy locally, this fact should tend to eliminate their feeling that they are forced to patronize Jewish merchants, and this should cut down the conflict. 3. Jewish business is found in the Hastings and Oakland areas largely because Jews formerly resided in these areas. Jewish businessmen are not moving into these areas because Negroes are alleged to be easy marks as cus- tomers. However, 50 per cent more Jews than Negroes believe that Negroes are more easily persuaded to pay regular prices for inferior goods. 4. None of the Jewish mer- chants and only 25 per cent of the Negro merchants live in the Hastings area. The Negro com- plaint that "Jews make money out of us, then live and spend their money over there" does not seem to be justified, as all mer- chants, whether Jewish or Negro, who can afford to do so, live elsewhere. 5. Mixed customers do not create conflict. This is shown by the fact that Warren Ave. com- mercial establishments which have the greatest mixture of custom- ers had the least conflict report- ed. 6. Least satisfaction with cus- tomers was shown by both Jew- ish and Negro merchants in the Hastings area, both shoving but 73 per cent satisfactidc. This indicates that the type of cus- tomer rather than his race de- termines dissatisfaction. 7. While Jewish and white gentile stores give more credit than Negro stores, very few run on a credit or mostly credit basis. The giving of credit as a factor in Negro-Jewish conflict seems to 1,, highly over-rated. 8. Customer transiency seems to bear an important relationship to Negro-Jewish conflict, with the Hastings area showing the great- est conflict and the greatest amount of customer transiency. 9. The factor of mixed racial employees does not lead to con- flict, but more often to friendly relationships. 10. Competition between Ne- gro and Jewish merchants does not lead to conflict. Conflict seems to be present where Negro merchants are found in the less profitable, smaller and personal service commercial establish- ments, while more profitable, larger and non-service stores are Jewish-owned. (By personal ser- vice we mean shoe-shine parlors, By cleaners, restaurants, etc. non-service we mean drug stores, groceries, department stores, etc.) 11. Jewish exploitation as shown by prices charged is high- ly exaggerated; as, in general, prices charged by Negro and white gentile stores tend to be higher for the same articles. 12. More Jews than white gen- tiles reject the stereotype notion that the Negro is an inferior moral and racial type. 13. Jews show a greater tol- erance 'Ian white gentiles with reference both to personal and impersonal contacts with Ne- groes. The tolerance is depend- ent upon the nature of the con- tact and varies with it. Both Jews and white gentiles show least tolerance for the Negroes as neighbors. 14. Over 70 per cent of the Jews believe that they have an obligation to treat Negroes well since they too have known per- secution. Only 50 per cent of the Jews think that they actually treat the Negro better, however. 15. Over 90 per cent of the Jews had pleasant experiences with Negroes as domestics, over 70 per cent as customers, and 59 per cent as neighbors. Rum- ors about conflicts in these rela- tionships seem to be highly ex- aggerated. 16. Fifty per cent of the Ne- gro youth interviewed believed that Jews treat Negroes better than do non-Jewish whites, but 60 per cent said that they ex- pected better treatment since Jews know what it is to be per- secuted. 17. Less than 25 per cent of the Negro youth thought Jewish merchants should keep their stores open on Jewish holidays to accommodate Negro custom- ers—thus showing great toler- ance. 18. Over 40 per cent of the Negro adult customers had trad- ed with one Jewish store for a long period of time. With the great amount of choice offered in a large city and the 'factor of frequent change of address, this seems to indicate much less con- flict than is popularly rumored. 19. Sixty-two per cent of the Negroes felt that they were treat- ed fairly by Jewish landlords; 80. per cent felt that they had had pleasant relationships in do- mestic service in Jewish families. 20. The amount of merchant- customer conflict is more related to the general economic and so- cial character of the area than to the factor of racial ownership. The lower the economic and so- cial conditions in a given area, the greater the amount of con- flict engendered. In Detroit, this is illustrated by the presence of the greatest amount of Negro- Jewish conflict in the Hastings area, which is the poorest of the three areas studied., This study is another demon- stration of the falsehood of wide- ly-spread prejudices, and of the groundlessness of the reasons as- signed for prejudice. Prejudice cannot stand up under the search- ing light of scientific analysis. The conclusions summarized above, to quote Marsh's Fore- word again, "should serve to cor- rect many prevailing false im- pressions as to the relationships between the two groups." Saving Polish Jews (Continued from Page 4) to the War Chest and to many other they do not receive help as soon as it is worthy causes not covered by the War humanly possible to bring it to them. Detroit Jewry should greet Dr. Ten- Chest. But this is an urgent matter. These nenbaum with the assurance that it Will people are the special sufferers among send its quota of food packages without a nation of specialists in suffering. These people may actually starve if delay. gather first-hand information con- cerning the plight of the Jen in Poland, will address the con- ference, together with Dr. Sh. Margoshes, editor of "The Day." and Albert Brown, executive di- rector of -.the Chicago district. All above mentioned organiza- tions are requested to attend, I•.7 appointed delegates, or through their respective presidents and secretaries. Individuals who ark , interested in helping the unfor- tunate Jews in Poland are also urged to attend. The office of the Federatio n is located at 9124 Linwood Ave.. and is open every day except Saturday from 10 a. m. until 9 p. m., and on Sunday from 1 p. m. till 5 p. m. More info• motion can be obtained by. call- ing Tyler 7-9650. Jericho Lodge Makes Gift to Rescue Fund On Monday, Oct. 16, Mrs. Rose Feldstein turned over to Mrs. Esther Gersuk, chairman of the Child Rescue Fund of the Louis Brandeis branch of the Pioneer Women's Organization, a cheek for $240.00, which was received from Jericho Lodge No. 490. I.O.O.F. Ernesnie Children's Aid Installs Its Officers Bnai David Officers To be Installed Oct. 22 The Ernespie Children's Aid held n meeting at the home of Mrs. Gumenick, 2492 Tyler. The following officers were elected co- the coming year: Mrs. M. Gold. tmesident! Mrs. M. Shiff- , "”n. vice president; Mrs. M. Go- llob. secretary; Mrs. B. Smilove, troasurer; Mrs. S. Levine. sun- rhino fund: Mrs. M. Goldberg, chai•an of packing parcels. The officers were installed at omen meeting held Oct. 16 at cue home of Mrs. Silver, 2684 Ri‘•1-ten. M•inv activities have been • lanned for the coming year. A sho ■ yer and card party will be he" Monday evening. Oct. 30. st the home of Mrs. J. Brindze. 2732 Pasadena. Admission, food and clothing. Ernesnie Hostel is in Kerkud- lwightshire. Scotland, and houses 100 Jewish children and women who have been evacuated from Europe. Ernespie club sends food and clothing to these chil- dren. Anyone wishing to make con- tributions of food, money or clothing are urged to contact Mr'. Prindze, 2732 Pasadena, TO. 6-6800. At the last annual meeting of Congregation Brad David, Elm- hurst and 14th, Joseph A. Block was re-elected president. Hyman Rottenberg was elected vice pres- ident; Sidney Gorman, treasurer, and David J. Cohen, secretary. These officers will be installed at a special congregational din- ner to be given on Sunday, Oct. 22, at 6 p. m. The installation ceremonies will take place in the main auditorium of the syna- gogue. After the installation of officers, the entire Congregation will go to the Social Hall for dinner. A special program has been prepared at which Rabbi Sperka and Cantor Ga•tenhaus will participate. In addition there will be Miss Rosina Bet- man, well known soprano, who has participated in various Jew- ish affairs; Mrs. Eva ;Misters of Boston Blvd., a teacher of dramatics, who will render sev- eral dramatic selections, and Mrs. Dora Bregman, pianist. In- stallation cotnmittee, Saul Wax- man, chairman; Myron J. Solo- mon, co-chairman; Joseph Gor- man, Ed Kreske, Charles Rogers and Abraham Sampson. RE-ELECT LEAGUE (Continued from Page 1) arranged by Mrs. Joshua Sperka entitled "Queen Sabbath." In it the entire cycle of the Sabbath day will be presented by a group of outstanding voices under the direction of Dan Frohman. Rab- bis J. S. Sperka and M. J. Wohl- gelernter will greet Rabbi Gold and the audience. Mrs. M. Weiser, chairman of the event, announces that a num- ber of guests can still be accom- modated and urges anyone in- terested to call Mrs. A. 0. Bar- sky at TO. 8-8822 for reserva- tions. Sisterhoods and syna- gogues are asked to call the chairman and arrange to have their representatives attend. The Women's Sabbath League plans a wide program of activity to bring the Jewish woman back to the Sabbath and Synagogue and proceeds of the event will help assure the continuation of this vital work. POLISH (Contnued from page 1) food and medicine packages to the Jewish survivors in liberated Poland. This action was taken' in response to the telegraphic appeal of Dr. Emil Somerstein, chairman of the Jewish Relief Committee in Lublin, who cabled to American Jewry to send im- mediately, food and medicine to the Jew's in liberated Poland who are in great distress and want. The Detroit District of the American Federation for Polish Jews, of which Morris Mohr is president, is calling a special con- ference of all Landsmanshaften Synagogues, Workmen's Ordans, Ladies' Auxiliaries, and all other organizations to be held Sunday, Oct. 22, at 1 p. m., at the audi- torium of the Jericho Temple, Joy Rd. and Linwood. The conference will discuss ways and means of raising mon- ey for at least 10,000 packages as Detroit's share to the national quota. Henry 111. Abramovitz, prom- inent local leader, has accepted the chairmanship of this cam- paign. Dr. Joseph Tennenbaum, na- tional president of the American Federation for Polish Jews, who is leaving soon for Lublin to CONGRESSMAN John D. DINGELL On His Competent and Faithful Record Majority Leader of the Ways and Means Committee VOTE DEMOCRATIC 15TH DISTRICT WARDS 10-12.14-16 PROGRESSIVE - AGGRESSIVE FEARLESS - FAIR ELECTION TUESDAY, NOV. 7 • This Ad paid for by a Jewish friend.