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MICHIGAN'S OLDEST ANGLO-JEWISH PUBLICATION
29th Year of Service to - Jewry
Detroit ancl Jewish
Chronicle
The Legal Chronicle
10e Single Copy: $3.00
DETROIT, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, AUGUST 25, 1944
101., 46, NC). 34
Conference Submits Bill of
Rights to Four-Power Meet
Asks for Full and Complete Protection
of Life, Liberty and Civil Rights for All
WASHINGTON (WNS) — The American Jewish
Conference submitted to the State Department today a
four-point "International Bill of Rights" with the request
that it be put before the four-power conference on post-
war and international security which opened here Mon-
day.
The four-point "Bill of Rights," which also will be
Nazis Used Kaunas
As Extermination
Center for Jews
Per Year
U. S., Britain to Secure Havens
For Released Jews in Hungary
Mass Executions
Took Place in 1941-44
Have Requested Neutrals to Facilitate
Passage of Refugees Who Reach Borders
WASHINGTON (WNS) — The State Department
MOSCOW (WNS) — A survey officially announced here this week that the United States
made by the Jewish Anti-Fascist and Great Britain have accepted the offer of the Hun-
Committee here on the life of tne garian Government for the release of Jews, and that
Jews in Lithuania during its Anglo-American arrangements have been made for the
three-year occupation by the care of the Hungarian Jews reaching neutral or United
Nazis discloses that Kaunas,
Nations territory.
where only 1,000 of. the pre-war
The announcement, made joint-
40,000
Jews
survived
the
Nazi
before representatives here of
ly with the British Government
butchery,
had
been
used
by
the
each of the United Nations, fol-
in London, through the Interna-
Germans as an extermination
tional Committee of the Red
lows:
center for the Jews that were de-
"1. Full and complete protec-
Cross, that they will give tem-
ported from western Europe. Ap-
flan of life, liberty, freedom of
porary haven to all Jews re-
proximately 9,000 Jews were
worship and civil rights for the
leased from Hungary and that
saved from death when they left
inhabitants of all countries with-
they had requested neutral coun-
the city with the Russian Army.
out distinction of birth, national-
tries to facilitate the passage of
The
report
reviews
in
great
ity, language, race or religion.
such Jews as reach their bor-
Palestine
Chief
length
the
mass-executions
of
ders.
"2. Unequivocal equality of
Jews
in
Kaunas
between
July,
rights in law and in fact for all
Compelled to Leave
Topic on Agenda
The State Department's an-
1941,
and
July,
1944,
when
the
the citizens of every country.
nouncement emphasized that, in
Places
of
Hiding
city
was
liberated
by
the
Red
JERUSALEM (Palcor) — Al- accepting the offer, the Govern-
"3. The inalienable right of
Army. As the Russian armies though Sept. 25 has been an- ments of the United Kingdom
all religious, ethnic and cultural
CAIRO (WNS) — Many Jews advanced toward Lithuania, the
groups to maintain and foster
nounced as the day for the and the United States "do not
their respective group identities in Athens who evaded being de- report discloses, the Germans be-
opening of the much-deferred in any way condone the action
gan
a
frantic
campaign
to
oblit-
on the basis of equality.
of the Hungarian Government in
ported to death camps in Poland
!'4. The establishment of ap- by hiding in the homes of non- erate all traces of their crimes, Alexandria preliminary confer- forcing emigration of Jews as an
ence
of
Arab
statesmen,
the
date
destroying
death
chambers,
hu-
propriate and adequate national
alternative to persecution and
and international machinery to Jewish fellow citizens are aban- man abbatoirs and execution is still tentative pending final death."
doning
their
places
of
conceal-
concurrence
by
other
Arab
gov-
chambers.
secure the enforcement of these
of Statement
ment because of hunger, despair
ernments. The Egyptian Minis- Text
Following are
rights."
The State Department's an-
and
starvation
and
are
surrend-
some
extracts
ter
of
Justice,
now
in
Damascus
from
the
report:
A statement accompanying the
nouncement follows:
ering themselves to Nazi Ges-
"In Gestapo documents which for the Pan-Arab Lawyers Con-
"Bill of Rights" said:
The International Committee of
tapo
authorities
in
the
Greek
have fallen into Russian hands, ference, is conferring about the the Red Cross has communicated
"Heretofore the principle of
absolute independence of each capital, it was disclosed here in the city of Kaunas was referred Alexandria agenda with leaders to the Governments of the Unit-
state in determining the rights a report issued this week by the to as 'extermination point of of the governments of Syria, ed Kingdom and the United
the Eastland.' In the common Iraq and Saudi Arabia, who are
of its inhabitants has permitted Greek Information Service.
The report disclosed that witn graves near the forts of Kaunas spending the summer in Syrian States an offer of the Hungarian
certain states to discriminate be-
Government regarding emigration
tween one section of its popula- the food situation growing con- are buried not only local Jews, and Lebanese resorts.
and treatment of Jews. Because
stantly
worse
in
the
Greek
cap-
Syrian
newspapers
state:
that
but
also
thousands
of
other
Jews
tion as against another section.
of the desperate plight of the
ital,
the
Jews
in
hiding
felt
that
the
Palestine
question
is
the
driven
into
Kaunas
from
other
It has further allowed a condi-
Jews in Hungary and the over-
it
would
be
an
injustice
for
them
principal
one
under
consideration
Lithuanian towns and villages,
tion to develop in which a given
whelming humanitarian consider-
state could deprive certain groups to share in the already meager and executed there by the Ges- by the conferees, especially in ations involved, the two Govern-
rations
of
their
hosts.
It
is
esti-
tapo. It was in Kaunas that the the Egyptian • Minister's discus- ments are informing the Gov-
of its citizens of their basic
human rights in violation of the mated here that about 10,000 Germans executed Jews from Ber- sions with the Syrian President ernment of Hungary through the
standards of such rights as ac- Greek Jews had succeeded in lin, Vienna and Prague, from and Sheikh Yussef Yassin, envoy International Committee of the
eluding the Gestapo. While most France and from Holland."
of King Ibn Saud. Second place
cepted by the civilized world.
Red Cross that despite the heavy
"During the latter part of Oc- on the agenda is occupied by difficulties and responsibilities in-
"Until the rise of Nazi rule of them are reported to have
taken
to
the
mountains
as
gue-
Nuri
es-Said
Pasha's
Greater
Sy-
tober
and
the
beginning
of
No-
in Germany, the Jews in Europe
volved they have accepted the
enjoyed under Constitutional law rillas, many, particularly the old- vember, 1943, the Germans built ria scheme for which, they claim, offer of the Hungarian Govern-
er
men,
women
and
children,
are
he
has
already
obtained
the
a fence around Fort No. 99 and
equal rights with the rest of the
ment for the release of Jews, and
citizens of each state. In the in hiding with friendly Christian posted up warnings prohibiting agreement of Emir Abdulla, rul- will make arrangements for the
families.
A
large
number
of
the
anyone ,from approaching the er of Transjordan. The plan was care of such Jews leaving Hun-
Central-Eastern states of Europe,
the Jews as members of a minor- Jews are reported moving freely Fort within a radius of two miles, officially rejected, however, by gary who reach neutral or Unit-
ity group, together with the throughout Greece through the under penalty of death, the re- the Syrian and Lebanese govern- ed Nations territory, and also
members of other minority use of spurious identification port states. On Nov. 1, the Ger- ments. The scheme calls for the that they will find temporary
inclusion of Palestine, Lebanon, havens of refuge where such peo-
groups, were further guaranteed documents which had been fur-
See KAUNAS—Page 12
Syria and Transjordan into a ple may live in safety.
equal status with the rest of the nished them in many instances
Greater Syria.
population, through a system of by the Greek police.
Notification of these assurances
Simultaneously, Greek authori-
It is hoped, the newspapers is being given to the neutral
Minority Treaties Declarations or
ties
are
blaming
Chief
Rabbi
state,
that
a
compromise
will
be
Conventions. Among the general
countries, who are being request-
reached whereby the Palestine ed to permit entry of Jews who
rights recognized in these Treat- Koretz of Salonica for the de-
question, considered within the reach their frontiers from Hun-
ies. Declarations or Conventions portation by the Germans of
framework of the White Paper, gary.
were: (a) state protection of 45,000 Salonica Jews to death
will be the sole question on the
life, liberty and freedom of wor- and labor camps in Poland. It
The Governments of the Unit-
agenda. The Egyptian Minister ed Kingdom and the United
ship for all inhabitants; (b) is charged that Rabbi Koretz, in
the
belief
that
the
Germans
is
in
daily
telephonic
_communica-
equal treatment before the law
States emphasize that in accept-
and full civil and political rights would keep their promise not to
WASHINGTON (WNS) — The tion with Premier Nahas Pasha, ing the offer which has been made
institute
deportation
proceedings
who
fathered
the
conference
for all citizens. Each state as-
whole program envisaged in last
sumed these obligations as 'fun- against the Salonica Jews, had week's joint announcement of plan. The occasion of the Minis- they do not in any way condone
handed over to the Germans a
ter's visit to Damascus is also
damental law' not to be changed complete list of the members of Anglo-American acceptance of used for the purpose of impress- the action of the Hungarian Gov-
ernment in forcing emigration of
by subsequent legislation or ad- the Jewish community. Only 3,- Regent Horthy's offer to permit ing upon Syria and Lebanon that
the
emigration
of
certain
cate-
Jews
as an alternative to per-
ministration, and further recog- 000 Salonica Jews managed to gories of Jews in Hungary seems Egypt has taken upon herself
secution and death.
elude
the
Nazi
net.
These
are
the
defense
of
Arab
interests.
nized them as of 'international
now distinguishing themselves as doomed in view of the reported
refusal of the German Govern-
See HAVENS—Page 12
See EGYPT—Page 12
See CONVENTION—Page 12 guerilla mountain partisans.
ment to issue exit visas to
Jews and to secure their safe
passage, in the opinion of well-
informed circles here.
T e Anglo - American rescue
By LUCY SCHILDKRET
project was predicated on the
assumption that arrangements EDITOR'S NOTE:—The Yiddish Scientific Institute-Yivo was found-
ed in Vilna in 1925 with branches all over the world as the
The telegram to the President could be made, through the In-
NEW YORK — Declaring that
ternational Committee of the
center for research in Jewish social studies. Since the out
the recent concessions made by was signed by Dr. Daniel L. Red Cross, for the refugees to
break of the war the Institute has transferred its headquarters
the Government of Hungary af- Marsh, chairman of the American travel safely to neutral coun-
to New York where it has continued its program with emphasis
fecting the rescue of Jews from Palestine Committee; Prof. Wil- tries through Nazi military zones.
on the American scene and the problems of American Jewry.
that country "will be useless un- liam F. Albright, of Johns Hop- But information reaching Wash-
less immediate action is taken kins University; Dr. Henry A. ington from authoritative sources
Last July 13th the Russian uments, on a way of life—on a
to give effect to the prospects Atkinson, general secretary of indicates that the Germans have
whole people. Faced with this
of rescue opened up," the Amer- the Church Peace Union ; J. M. shown no disposition to nego- Army entered Vilna, the famed unparalleled calamity, we dare ,
lean Palestine Committee, repre- Blalock, publisher of the Colum- tiate along such lines. The Ger- center of Jewish learning for not sink in despair for then ou.
senting more than 4,000 leaders bia, S. C. "State"; Dr. Carl J. mans, according to these reports, centuries, and the pall of silence survival as a creative people will
of American public opinion, to- Friedrich, of Harvard University; do not intend to let the Jews that had hung over the city for be threatened. Now is the time
day wi•ed President Roosevelt William Green, president of the get out of Hungary.
the past three years was momen- when we must bring out of dis.
urging "that the Government of American Federation of Labor;
Much apprehension was felt tarily lifted with the tragic news use the accumulated treasures o f
Daphne
Robert,
president
of
the
the United States use its good
here in Jewish circles over the that a man, a woman and a child our history, or traditions, our
offices to secure the immediate National Association of Women failure of the joint Anglo-Amer- were all that were left of the culture, when we must dust off
grant by Great Britain, irrespec- Lawyers; Dr. Carl Hermann ican statement to clarify the more than 70,000 Vilna Jews. the neglected heritage and seek
tive of previous policies, of am- Voss, executive secretary of the question of the issuance of immi- Perhaps it is still too early to to enrich our own life and that
migration
certificates into Pales- Christian Council on Palestine; gration certificates ad m i t tin g make the grim reckoning; per- of the rising generations with
tin e
for all Jews who can be res- Dr. Mary E. Woolley, president Hungarian Jews to Palestine. haps a few hundred or thousand the values and valuables we have
cued from Ilungary and other emeritus of Mt. Holyoke College; Holders of such certificates are Jews are still alive in the woods succeeded in succoring or salvag-
and Dr. LeSourd.
Nazi . dominated countries."
and marshes, waging war on the
The text of the telegram fol- reported to constitute one of Germans, under the anonymity ing from the European holocaust.
This was announced by Dr.
three categories of Jews whom
This is now one of the chief
Howard M. LeSourd, executive lows:
Horthy offered to release. The of guerillas. But there is no obligatory undertakings of the
director of the American Pales -
"The American Palestine Com- other two categories are Jewish question that we shall yet wit- Yiddish Institute-Yivo, itself
tine
C ommittee.
mittee, founded by Senator Rob- children under the age of 10 and ness devastation unmatched in cradled in the heart of European
The committee also urged that ert F. Wagner and the late Sen- Jewish adults holding still valid the bloody pages of war, destruc- Jewry in Vilna. The Yivo, with
the United States "assume the ator Charles L. McNary, and visas for other countries of re- tion visited upon human beings,
initiative in formulating forth-
See VILNA—Page 3
on institutions and cultural mon-
ception.
See ROOSEVELT—Page 12
alto an effective rescue program.
Egypt Seeks More
Support for Pan-
Arab Conference
Gestapo Rounding
Up Starving Jews
In Greek Capital
German Refusal to
Grant Visas May
Doom Refugees
Roosevelt Urged to Get Palestine
Certificates for Hungarian Jews
From Vilna to New York