. 9
DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and The Legal Chronicle
Septoubcr 11, 1942
ma
-
Events In Keren Kaymeth History
By ADOLF POLLAK
decades of Jewish Nation-
a l rl history depict a sector
,
of 4.,,r Renaissance movement
whirl, ran never become obsolete
becau it is forever closely con-
m u , with venerated men and
with vents which once moved
our b• :t•ts deeply.
under dramatic auspices
It
that !'heodot . Herzl created the
Peep! Fund. His passionate de-
mand !•or disregard of all formal
diflici:Hes was based, not only
upon ..cguments of reason, but of
sentir. , iit as well; he realized the
imme,He imponderables comprised
Seasot's Greetings!
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YEAR'S GREETINGS
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Editor's Note:—The story of the Zionist melt of destiny is related
in the following article dealing with outstanding events and
personalities in the history of the Keren Kaymeth. The writer,
an eminent Palestinian historian, reviews the early days of
the Zionist movement and describes the dramatic moments in
th e founding of the Jewish National Fund 40 years ago.
therein. In his opening address
to the Fifth Congress, he outlined
this conception in simple terms,
as follows: "The people shall not
only set uo this Fund but shall
also control its disposition in per-
petuity." During the short period
of life granted to him after the
Fund's establishment, he watched
its development with affection and
care, himself contributing con-
siderable (Iodations, among them
various inscriptions in the Golden
Book.
It s superfluous to mention here
details of Johann Kremenezky's
devoted work on behalf of the
Jewish National Fund during a
period of six years of incessant
endeavovrs to set up a world-
embracing fund raising apparatus.
David Wolffsohn, Herzl's suc-
•esso•, was also a great friend of
I
the Jewish National Fund.
vividly recollect him, as he moved
among delegates and guests at
the Sixth Congress, thus collect-
ing a substantial sum of money
for the first inscription in honor
of Herzl's mother in the Golden
Book.
At the instigation of Wolffsohn,
Dr. M. J. Bodenheimer, his oldest
Zionist friend and collaborator,
took upon himself the manage-
ment of the Jewish National
Fund's Central Offices, transferred
in May, 1908, from Vienna to
Cologne. Dr. Bodenheimer is also
the creator of the Jewish Na-
tional Fund's legal status.
Greatest merits must be cred-
ited to Adolf Boehm for popular-
izing the theoretical aspects of
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the Jewish National Fund. His
classic book on our Fund, first
published in 1908, his collabora-
tion in re-defining the principles
of land policy, on the occas i on of
the London Zionist Conference in
1920, and his activity as a mem-
ber of the Board in past years
will he remembered forever.
Among those who devoted much
effort to the Keren Kayemeth, the
name of Dr. Yehiel Tshlenov, who
for many years was the Chairman
of the Jewish National Fund
Committee in Russia, must also
be mentioned.
From the tragic events at the
Sixth Congress, in connection with
the 1.1ganda project, ensued—so
to say, as a reaction—a very far-
reaching debate on Palestine, fol-
lowing which a Palestine Com-
mission of Three was elected.
Their Head was Professor Otto
Warburg, whose first action was
the creation of the Tree Fund,
one of the most popular branches
of fund raising activity for the
Jewish National Fund.
The resolution adopted by the
Ninth Congress in Hamburg, to
create a cooperative settlement
fund in accordance with Franz
Oppenheime•'s proposal, and the
establishment of Merhavia—the
first settlement in Emek Jezreel-
made Oppenheimer, too, a support-
er of the Jewish National Fund
and its principles. To him, we
owe a valuable enrichment of our
Jewish National Fund literature.
The outbreak of the Frst World
War necessitated the transfer of
Jewish National Fund Headquar-
ters to The Hague, where, again,
devoted and responsible Zionists
put themselves at the disposal of
the Jewish National Fund, as
trustees. Nehemia de Lieme has
greatly contributed to laying the
foundations of the land policy
of the Jewish National Fund.
The first representative meet-
ing of Jewish National Fund
workers from countries all over
the world was held in 1921, on
the occasion of the 12th Zionist
Congress. This World Conference
of the Jewish National Fund
offered an opportunity of thor-
oughly discussing fund raising ac-
tivities, and was only the first
of a series of successive world
and district Jewish National Fund
conferences.
The decision taken by the
Twelfth Congress to transfer the
Head Office to Jerusalem—a reso-
lution authoritatively supported by
the President of the Board of Di-
rectors, Mr. Ussishkin, led, a
year later, to the actual transfer
of the first central Zionist insti-
tution to Eretz Israel.
From now onwards, there be-
gan a new great era of the Jew-
ish National Fund, from the or-
ganizational and financial stand-
points alike. The journeys under-
taken by Ussishkin in the year
1924 ad later, which brought him
in contact with almost all Euro-
pean countries, with the Jewries
of Canada and the United States,
were the prelude to this develop-
ment. Wo all appreciate the hn-
portan•e to the Jewish National
Fund of these journeys, but they
were, at the same time, a power-
CADILLAC 9083
ful demonstration for Zionism in
general, effective for years to
come. We succeeded in expanding
and consolidating, particularly in
Europe, the fund raising appar-
atus of the Jewish National Fund,
in developing on broad lines its
fuml raising methods and devices.
In 1933, almost one million boxes
had been placed in Jewish homes,
tens Of thousands of co-workers
were exerting their best efforts
to raise national funds. The idea
of Geulath Ila'aretz integrated
ever more closely with the daily
life of the masses of the people;
every nat'onal, religious or other
occasion was utilized by the
world-embracing. fund raising ma-
chinery of the land Fund. The
income of the Jewish National
Fund has increased from year to
year. Though the receipts are
made up chiefly of small sums
donitted by the masses, the Fund
has, in the course of years, also
appealed to the well-to-do and
derived substantial contributions
through bequests, legacies and en-
dowments, in some instances,
amounting to sums equalling the
Fund's total income of a whole
year before the First World War.
Nobody, least of all those who
were privileged to participate in
the work of the Jewish National
Fund since its establishment, ex-
pected that after a period of 40
years. our National Fund would
find the Jewish people in the ter-
rible plight which it is experi-
encing at present. Europe, from
which continent but a few years
ago the Jewish National Fund
derived the bulk of its receipts,
has been almost entirely elimi-
nated from the ranks of our
contributing countries. Fortunate-
ly, the other parts of the world
—the U.S.A. being the leading
country—have made good the en-
suing decline in the income of
the Jewish National Fund.
The imperturable faith in the
victory of justice—including the
victory of our great solemn cause
—strengthens our hope that the
sacrifices and efforts exerted by
1111 sections of national Jewry for
the aim of Redemption of the
Land will not have been made in
vain. We may hope that the
Jewish National Fund, having
been preserved during the first
World War, will also emerge tri-
umphantly from the hardships of
the present world struggle, and
that it will be enabled, under
happier conditions, to take up
again its activity in all parts of
See PERSONALITIES—Page 16
Happy
New Year!
Cordial Greetings and
Sincere Good Wishes to
the Entire Community
for a Happy and Pros-
perous New Year.
•
•
OPEN EVENINGS
11 DETROIT STORES
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for a
HAPPY NEW YEAR
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Audits — Systems — Tax Service
1472 NATIONAL BANK BLDG.
RANDOLPH 5240