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CLIFTON AVENUE - CINCINNATI 20, OHIO

Detroit Jewish Chronicle

and The Legal Chronicle

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VOL. 44, No. 34

Russian Teacher Describes Nazi
Massacre of 72,000 Jews in Minsk

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Hank Greenberg
Named U. S. Army
Sports Director

Sophia Ozerskaya is Alleged Eye Witness of
Pogroms That Took Place on Nov. 7, 1941

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DETROIT, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, AUGUST 21, 1942

(WNS)
- A
harrowing eye-witness account of
the Nazi massacre of 72,000
Jews in the city of 111insk-35,-
000 Jews were murdered in one
made public
day ;done—was
here this week by the Soviet
Jewish Anti-Fascist CollinlittNi.
The report Ivas brought to
the Jewish Anti-Fascist Com-
mittee by Sophia Ozerskaya, a
half-Jewish Russian school teach-
er who was spared by the Nazis
because her father was Russian
and who escaped from M insk
after living there under Nazi
The school
rule for a year.
mother was
teacher's Jewish
one or the 35,000 Jews law-
demi by the Nazis on Nov. 7.
1941.
This is Miss Ozerskaya's ac-
count of the massacre: "Imme-
diately after the occupation of
Minsk by the Nazis, the occupa-
tional authorities set. aside 12
small and narrow streets into
a ghetto for the Jewish popula-
tion. Tens of thousands of
Jews from Minsk and its sub-
urbs were driven into this
ghetto to languish in starvation
amid the debris of burned down
house ,, and lived themselves is
wrecked houses with fallen

roofs.

"To appear in the street ouI-
side the ghetto without a yel-
lo• badge meant to be instaiLly
killed. Any Nazi hitil the right
to. shoot at any passer-by who
taught appear to him to be n
Jew and who does not wear a
yellow badge. Many Russians.
Poles and Belorussians who Were

mistaken ill the Street far Jews

were shot on the spot by Hitler-
IR.!, At the same time, the
"'eating of the yellow badge by
few, exposed them to the Nazis
as to in the event they
were disposed of their free will
et take a shot.
"Soon after establishing the
01, '11 11 . the Nazi administration

to see to it that the Jews de-
livered the various contribu-
tions imposed upon them by the
Nazi authorities. After 'having
deprived the Jews of all their
valuables, the Nazis ordered
tliem to deliver, under lentil
penalty, all the knives, fork•:
and spoons in their possession.
as well as underwear. clothing
and kitchen utensils.

The statement, signed by 87
Reform rabbis, was made public
by Rabbi Louis \Volsey. It read:
"We, Rabbis in American Israel,

(See MASSACRE—Page 12)

Polish Jews to
llold protest and
Mass Meeting

See POLISH—Page 12

Killings of Jews
Condemned! by
Church Groups

1.1 EUT. HENRY GREENBERG

Lieut. Henry (Hank) Green-
berg was named director of sports
for all U. S. Army Flying Fields
when he reported to Major W. S.
Thompson, chief of special serv-
ices, last Monday at Fort Worth,

Tex.

Isidor Sosnick
-Heads -Mizrachi
Members' Drive'

By SENIOR COMMANDER ADELAIDE COHEN

I'DiTOR'S NOTE: Nearly two years ago. the Auxiliary Territori•l
Service which is the women's branch of the British Army
cpened its ranks to allied and neutral aliens. Platoons, know
as "Allied Volunteers" were also formed for friendly Minos
of enemy origin. In the following article, Senior Commander
Cohen describes the regulations under which these branches
operate and the services which these volunteers have rendered
the cause of freedom.

way segregated from their Brit-
ish sister , . The most interesting
side of my work is visiting the
Allied Volunteer Platoons and see-
ing the happiness of the girls and
hearing the universal satisfaction
expres•ed by their officers.
An overwhelming proportion of
the Allied N'olunteers are refugees
front Nazi oppression. Their aVer-
Friendly' ;liens of enemy origin ii1te intelligence is high, and it is
a r e formed in platoons and are helefole all the more to their
knitwn as "Allied Volunteers." ere ii; that they ;i•e willing to
Three categories are open to undertake humble duCes. The
ISADORE SOSNICK
Olen', these of storewomen, cooks Work is hard, but recreational fa-
cilities
are
good
and
their
health
iind orderlies.
Deo (tit as chairman of the mem-
and well-being are cared for by bership drive. w'hic'h is to begin
The conditions of pay. leave and
kind and understanding officers. with the advent of the High
Illedion of movement are the same
Applications to join the Service
for the British girls. The low-
See SOSNICK—Page 10
are still being made, but most
rd rate of pay is approximately
by now been absorbed
aliens
have
rents per day. Dependant's ill-
in the lalior market. There are,
I''"ance is granted if the ;quill-
however, still some aliens in non-
WANTED—
, lid ha, supported a dependent
essintial industr . es, such as dress-
months prior to her entry into
making and millinery, whom we
for the Navy
Service.
A week's' leave is
would like to recruit, as well as
an once every three months,
sonic in domestic employment.
The U. s. Navy v■ 'allts to
111 as free ra Away warrant to
The Allied Volunteers have
borrow your
epy destination within the United
binoculars
kingdom. Every facility is given much pf w/ach to be proud. They
for the duration. They
have
set
themselves
and
main-
wives whose hushands are serv-
will be returned to you
: in the Army to have leave tained a high standard in every
after the 'air. For fur-
the same time as their hus- res•ect. They volunteered for the
the• details call—
irds. Aliens can he promoted to A.T.S. when many might have
rank of sergeant and it is found more remunerative employ-
1.-sibl e fur them to receive a ment elsewhere. They are wear-
Navy Public Relations
ing the uniform of His Majesty's
Office,
Apari from the fact that they Army, the symbol of the great
130 W. Lamed, Detroit.
're members of an Allied Volun- cause of freedom for which they
teer Platoon, the girls are in no; ire giving their services.

In December 1910,
-
the Auxiliary
service. i.e., th e we _
rimrs branch of the Army, opened
it- ranks to non-British subjects.
II,'• conditions laid town by the
-my Council are that allied nail
ral aliens can he absorbed
vidually in the A.T.S., and
all categories are open to

WASHINGTON (VV' N S )
Leading church groups in the
United States and 'imminent
American clergymen joined in
condemning the Nazi massacres of
Jews in Poland and elsewhere
in occupied Europe on t h e occa-
sion of the observance of Tisha
fl'Ab. The statements were sent
to the Synagogue Council of
America and inserted in the Con-
gressional Record by Represen-
tative Samuel Dickstein of

York.
Dr. Samuel Me(7rea

executive secretary of the Funl-
era' Council of Churches of
Christ in America. said "On the
occasion of the fast of Tisha
ll'Ab, the hearts of hosts of
Christians beat in sympathy
Si ith you as we think of the Jews
facing massacre in Poland and
incredible suffering
250 New Members in in undergoing
many parts of Europe. Shar-
Two Months Is Aim ing with you in the spiritivil
heritage of Israel, we are con-
!shim. Sosnick, active com- scious of a great historic in-
munal leader, has been chosen
See GROUPS—Page 10
by the Mizrachi Organization of

Women in Forces of Freedom

I' rritorial

Non-Zionist Rabbis Explain
Their Position on Palestine

I' II I I. A DELPHIA (WNS)—
Leading non-Zionist rabbis in the
United States this week made
public a statement of principles
which explained their position on
Palestine and which emphasized
that "we hold that the ,Tewish
people have the same right to live
securely anywhere in the world
and to enjoy the fruit of their
labors in peace as have men of
every other faith and historic
background."

the Jewish dead which was
growing from day to day, nail

At the last meeting of repre-
sentatives of organization and the
Federation for Polish .Jews, it was
decided to mark the 3rd year since
the present world conflict began,
on Sept. 1, by holding mass Memo-
rial and Protest meeting. Further
details Will be released soon.
The Federation for Polish Jews
is making an effort to contact
Jewish soldiers, citizens of Poland,
who have been interned in 'Ger-
man camps. Lists have been re-
evived naming •aptiveig -and an
effort will lie made to send them
food and clothing. In communi-
cations addressed to the central
office of the Red Cross, and other
agencies, information is being
sought as to the feasibility of
making such contacts and should
this prove possible, it will open
another wide field of activity for
the Federation of Polish Jews.
The Detroit Clothing Campaign

Year

Hold Solution of Social Economic Problems
Of One People Bound Up With Others

in min,k had also organized a
so-•alled Judemiat whose func-
tion Was limited to registering

Mark 3rd Anniversary
of Start of World War

10c Single Copy; $3.00 Per

who believe in the universalism
of Judaism's ethical and spiritual
teachings, exprt-s our hearty
agreement with the following
statement drawn up by those who
convened in Atlantic City, June 1
and 2, 1912,
- for the purpose of
giving voice to our convictions
and to discuss ways and means of
securing wider recognition and ap-
preciation of them among our
neighbors.
"The special reason for our
gathering is in the growing secu-
larism in American life, the ab-
sorption of large numbers in na-
tionalistic endeavors and the ten-
dency to reduce the religious basis
of life to it place of secondary
importance. At this time more
than ever, all men for their own
good and the good of mankind
should give every emphasis to
those moral and religious values
and principles that transcend
boundary lines and hold all men
in a common bond of human fel-
lowship.
"1. We believe that the present
tragic experiences of mankind
abundantly demonstrate that no
single people or group can hope
to live in freedom and security
when their neighbors are in the
grip of evil forces either as per-
petrators or sufferers. We hold,
therefore, that the solution of the
social, economic and political prob-
lems of one people are inextricably
bound up with those of others. To
this general rule the problems of
our Jewish people constitute no
exception, though unhappily we
Jews are often the first victims of
the distemper of pmples and suf-
fer most from the maladjustments
of society.
"2. We declare our unwavering
faith in the humane and right-
eous principles that underlie the
ilemoicratic way of life, principles
first envisaged by the Prophets of
Israel and embodied in our Ameri-

Sec RABBIS—Page

10

Rourke-White , Caldwell
Return From Soviet Russia

When Erskine Caldwell, au-
thor of "Tobacco Road," and
his wife, the famous photogra-
pher, 'Margaret Bourke-White,
were on the way back from the
Russian front. they cabled from
Lisbon to Connecticut for fried
chicken. Their frontline adven-
tures in Russia are only the hut-
est exploits of this couple who

ploy, one for travel and one for
home. During the heaviest spells
of bombing, they seldom saw
cash other, except when so ex-
hausted and sleepy that it was
an effort to mumble 'I kilo.'

She's Camera-Shy

"Caldwell's b r 0 a 11 c acts, the
lirst ever mode from MOS•0W by
an American, took place at /Wu

were married on the run. re- o'clock every mourning, generally
ports Jack Sher, in !tedium .: at the height of the raids. 'flu.

Magazine for September:
"When Erskine Caldwell re-
t from .Vloseow w ith hi s
wife, Margaret Bourke - White,
the jumped into a car headed

110. t 11 for Darien, Conn., and
fried chicken which 11841 been

ordered by cable from Li:lion,
Portugal. A few hours later his
wife hoarded a southbound plane
for St. Louis, Mo., to keep an

engagement to lecture on Sovi•L

Russia.
"Caldwell - - hest known for
his 'Tobacco Road' and 'God's
Little Acre'—and Mrs. Caldwell,
who as :Margaret Bourke-White
has pointed her camera at Ger-
man bombers, American movie
stars, Stalin, rickety Southern
children and the inner workings
of giant industries all over the
world, had just completed all
8.000-miie trip by rail, water and
air from Moscow to New l'orlt.
The Caldwells have spent most
of their married life on the go.
"During the time Bourke-
W'nite and Caldwell were und ,..
ILt. in Moscow, they worked from
nine every morning to three the
next morning. Their jobs requir-
ed so much chasing around that
it was necessary to buy a car and
hire two chauffeurs. Two stenog-
raphers were also in their em-

route ()on) their apartment to
the radio station WIIS under I is
heaviest fille of any section in
;own. hence Caldwell's tremen-
dous head-and-shoulder helmet.
,•onated by the mayor of Mos-
cow. livery morning when (laid-
5t ell went to the station, his wife
would go 0Vti• to the British Em-
bassy and casually take pictures
of the bombings from the roof
of that building. In telling about
this, Caldwell grins and says:
'There's only one thing in the
world that scares her, and it
isn't bombers: it's somebody
doiniing a camera at her!'
"Before the Cidd•ells were
married, both of them had
knocked against and about the
world. Caldwell had been a co'-
t on-picker, sailor. stagehand, pro-
fessional football-player,
news-

paper Mall, lecturer, SC reen Wri-
ter nail editOr.
His wife, In

order to keep herself in camera
supplies, hail worked at. a variet y
of tasks, from waiting on table
to serving as it handy girl in
the Cleveland Museum of Nat-
ural Ilistory.
"In 1937 Bourke-White wa.;
engaged in photographing com-
mercial products, chiefly shiny

See BOURKE-WHITE—Page 12

EI

