2

DETROIT JEWISH CHRONICLE and the Legal Chronicle

April

17 .

1942

Colonial Expansion and Jewish Migration

the upbuilding and construction
INFORMATION WANTED
years was not uncommon. All 'in
of Palestine.
all it should be said that riitli
A Basic Analysis of the Refugee Problem in Palestine
v
Information is being sought ou r f h i e
Zionism is based on the idea
u gh t h p o r e r ( s,iteelvs
of Sam Bonom, or Bonum, who
that
the
Jewish
National
Home
tvheed
through
i
By DR. WALTER GROSS
, ulitical
must be established in order to has failed to communicate with efforts of Zionism, Palestine
ha t
Editor's Note—One of the most distinguished social economists do away with the anomalous sit- his mother, Mrs. Gussie Bonom a minimum of those le al re-
and analysts, the author of this penetrating article analyzzes uation of the Jews as a people—. Bindleglass, as a result of which strictions which render ' ' e ab-
the factors which must be dealt with in any postwar solution namely, that all Jews without she is anxious to learn of his sorption and incorporar. , n of
of the problem of Jewish migration. The difference between exception live dispersed and whereabouts, and is in need of refugees into the econoiwc lif e
countries which have completed and which are now starting therefore unprotected in the ab- his financial assistane. Sam of other countries so difficult.
their colonial expansion is emphasized in relation to the possi- sence of any recognized center. Bonom, who is believed to be
In practically all countries
bilities of refugee absorption.
The Jewish question derives in Detroit, was born in Austria apart from Palestine which
now
from this state of defenseless in 1903, is 5 ft. 7 in. tall, serve as the goals of 'Jewish
JERUSALEM:
groups cannot hope for any re- dispersion ; all economic discom- weighed 165 pounds, has black migration and refugee move-
All political migrations are turn ; for even if the necessary fort, all political pressure, all hair, black eyes, was a waiter
the direct outcome of historical political conditions for such re- persecutions are nothing but by occupation. Anyone aware ments, general economic level.
catastrophes. To know who is or patriation were present, it is consequences; for it is precisely of his location is requested to opment has reached a stage
was a refugee and why, it is foolish to suppose that those this state of defenselessness communicate with the National which is no longer characterized
necessary to connect his or her masses of returning refugees which calls forth the desire for Desertion Bureau, 67 West 47th by colonial expansion bur
period of consolidation • di al,.
presence in a given country with would be able to reoccupy their aggression on the part of others. St, New York City.
ing previous sudden grey y n. It
what had been happening in Rus- former economic positions.
It is also clear that a center
sia, Germany, Italy or Spain at
Which is the reason why the capable of strengthening and really foreseen, demanded great- is
that certain
in possible
South America
may (.. .('tries
:11)Ypri a .
a certain time, to take instances Jewish refugee emigrants from stiffening the Diaspora can be
er
resilience
in
the
directing
of
dergo
a
colonial
expansion
on a
from our own generation. Natur- Germany and Austria must built only when the best forces
ally, juridical definitions of the reckon that for them there can of the nation regard this up- upbuilding work than had proved hitherto unknown scale. It is
Possible that after the end of
refugee are by no means useless; certainly be no return. And that building work as their personal necessary round about the year the
we shall see migratory
but it is the psychological fact in turn brings them face to face duty. Not the oppressed and ab- 1923. As from the year
ona3p3:
movements which will lead mil-
19
that he has had to flee and that with the very difficult problem ject, not the weak in spirit or when the Jewish question
the protection of his former of emerging from their refugee the wavering can establish the neared on the scene as an inter- lions of non-Jews out of a
government has ceased to be ex- status—a problem which is si- National Home, but the upright national factor which left far wrecked Europe and overseas.
tended to him which sets the multaneously psychological and and strong, the reliable and de- behind all the prophecies of But as far as could be seen
refugee apart from all other economic. How best can a refu- termined. These alone can create Pinsker, Herz! and Nordau, Zion- during the last decade, the refu-
ism discovered how to build the ee had already become a rarity
people. He is marked out by the gee be converted or . convert the pattern into which the masses Jewish
National Home with the gee
in countries such as the United
fact that he has had to leave his himself into an immigrant who will later pour, leaving those who aid of refugees as well.
States, South Africa and Aus-
homeland for reasons of con- will in the course of time be- remain in the Diaspora to live
tralia; it was not without diffi-
REFUGEES AS PIONEERS
science and principle, and that come a full-fledged citizen of a normal, unimperilled life.
This was a very remarkable culty that he could be fitted into
any return to the homeland in his new homeland?
Such are the fundamental achievement, the magnitude of the existent frames, which were
question can be possible only as
Has Palestine anything to principles underlying the estab-
not hitherto been a - ti
the outcome of something like show in this connection?
lishment and functioning of the which has All
elasticity.
In of
those
things considered, no me
longer
capable
their coun-
one-
a revolution.
There is a considerable lack Jewish National Home. From preciated.
into
the
consciousness
of
the
tries
there
had
been
a
period in
Objective consideration of the of clarity as regards this in this it logically follows that the it has as yet barely penetrate Pd
position makes it clear that in some circles; and this lack of frame of the new Palestine must
Zionist world, and the new ere- which all immigrants were more
most cases return to the home- clarity is all the more remark- be adequately and systematically Zionist
were refugees,
ipso facto and
immigrants.
or less
all refu-
land is altogether impossible. In able because it can be shown planned. Not everybody is suited merit is concealed under a terms- The
countries were still incom-
particular, large numbers of ref- to derive from precisely those for participation to an equal nology which derives from an plete; there was unlimited free-
free-
ugees belonging to minority factors which are responsible for degree in the construction of epoch when immigration was in dom; and whatever the refugee
actual
fact
the
immigration
of
this frame. The foundations have pioneer
with his work was si-
s; relief work was work achieved
to be very firmly laid if they
multaneously a further brick
for
the
destitute
and
broken;
are later to bear the strain of
built into the edifice of the
FOR SALE — SINGLE HOME — NEW
the entire load. So first the and one could be separated from new national economy. Of course
8 ROOMS
and
contrasted
with
the
other.
Chalutzim had to come to be
even today, in not a few cases,
RUSSELL WOODS — 4071 LESLIE, near Petoskey
farmers and workmen ; and only During the past eight years, the
German - Jewish refugees
however,
the
refugees
who
have
A SPLENDID BUY
thereafter could merchants,
bring learning, art and industry
streamed
to
Palestine
have
to
clerks and intellectuals in large a very
Open Sunday from 12 to 6 or by Appointment
of a certain type and tradition
'd
egree en-
numbers find a living.
CALL TOWNSEND 8-5006 OR DAVISON 7145
gaged in actual pioneer activi- to overseas countries to which
ch things were hitherto for-
Planned economics, the con- ties. Capital which, under the such
eign. But all in
i all the hunger
structive diversion of public and,
ti
of central institutions, for men in i those countries has
as far as possible, private capi- direction
was turned to constructive up-
been temporarily assuaged. They
tal—such are the principles for building purposes, silently yet have
You Can Buy
a tradition of their own,
building the framework of the extensively achieved what is de-
QUALITY KOSHER MEAT
Jewish National Home. These scribed elsewhere in the world the existence of which consti ,
with Confidence from
principles derive not from any as "Refugee Work".
tutes a handicap for the refu
sense of romantic aspiration but
Naturally,
it
was
generally
gee.
from considerations of a sane recognized that Palestine did COLONIAL EXPANSION
and healthy national policy. And make its specific contribution to BEGINS.
Kosher Meat CI Poultry Market for this reason it was impossible the psychological problem of the Palestine still lives in, or more
to build with refugees in the refugees. It is the country in correctly only two decades ago
11632 DEXTER BLVD.
TO. 8-8118-9
earliest stages of the work. For which
(Between Burlingame and Webb)
the Jewish refugee has no entered, the age of colonial ex-
that purpose other persons are need to feel himself a stranger • pasion. The refugee is also
Next to Kreage'n
necessary; persons who set them-
ed on to participate in it, He
selves a definite goal, who have in which he can and should feel call
IS welcome there and can make
at
home
from
the
very
begin-
a fixed aim. That aim may also
? a place for himself. And in this
be the outcome of external im- ning, if only he is prepared to way it has come about that
associate
himself
with
the
iif
350 MADISON
pulses; but it must be born of of the Jewish community of tin. thousands of refugees from Ger-
ONE WEEK ONLY
hope and faith, not of fear and country, the Yishuv. The atti- many, who entered into the
CHERRY 2110 Beginning MON., APRIL 20
flight. Eretz Israel, in its be-
of the Yishuv to the new- frame of the worker-cooperative
FORTUNE GALLO PRESENTS
ginning at least, had of neces- tude settlements,
increased the pro-
is fundamentally favor-
sity to be the land of olim, of comers
able. They are welcomed as ductive capacities of these set-
voluntary immigrants, not the strengthening the position of tlements and at the same time
land of plitim, of driven refu-
the Jews and are regarded as a themselves ceased to be refu-
gees.
confirmation of the fact that gees.
REERTOIE
Such, more or less, is the line Zionist work is progressing and
During the last few years 10
Monday Evening, April 20
AIDA Sat. Eve., April 25 .1L TROVATORE
of Zionist thought. The realities developing.
As far as the 'Yishuv new villages have grown up,
i
Mmes. Lushijnya, Glade, Bruno,
Mmes. Lushanya, Glade, Belle,
of constructive work in Pales- is concerned, the refugee enjoys thanks to the work of German-
Warren, M. Lind!, Thomas Kra-
Warren M. Lindi Thomas, Kra-
vitt. BALLET.
tine never quite conformed to all the rights of a citizen from Jewish middle class refugees
vitt. Ballet.
Tues. Eve. April 21 ..LA TRAVIATA Sat. Mat., April 25
MARTHA
these principles, it is true; but may
become
for the
the very
day a of member
his arrival.
He who settled on the land with the
Mmes. Mousel, Bruno, Warren
(In English) Mmes. Meuse', Bru-
nevertheless the forces most
remains of their fortunes, ac-
M. Conley, Petroff, Kravitt.
no, Warren, M. Conley, Kozake-
Wed. Eve., April 22
CARMEN
closely connected with the actual Tel Aviv municipality, for in- companied by credits and in-
vi,h —followed by
Mmes. Glade, Turner, Warren,
DIVERTISEMENTS by
upbuilding succeeded, for a very stance, even before he has structors,
and credits
whose Work
has
re- ed by
and in-
Belle. M. Rayner, Kravitt, Ballet.
SAN CARLO OPERA COMI'ANY
long time, in taking these ideas ceived Palestinian citizenship.
Thurs. Eve., Apr. 23 .. RIGOLETTO
helped to expand Jewish agri-
CORPS de BALLET
Mmes. Pavini, Bruno, Belle,
as guiding lines for the actual
Sun. Eve., Apr. 26
FAUST
Apart from this, however, it culture w h i 1 e simultaneously
M. Conley, Petroff, Kravitt.
Mmes. Turner,
Bruno, Belle,
work in hand. In a certain sense should further be mentioned gsoe.lving their own economic refu-
Fri. Eve., Apr. 24 ....LA BOHEME
Warren, Si. Limn, Thomas, Kra-
this is still the case; and there that Palestine approaches the
Mmes. Lushanya, Turner, Warren,
e problem and linking them
MUSICAL DIRECTOR ....
M. KravItt, Rayner, Valle.
can be no doubt that for a economic problem of the refu- with
CARLO PERONI
th the super-personal task
considerable period it will re- gee by methods the efficacy of
Prices—Eves. 83c-$1.10-$1.65-52.20—Set. Matinee 55c-83c-$1.10-$1.65
main so. But the fact remains which are not always sufficiently Palestine
has to population
carry out.
(Tax Incl.)
which the Jewish
of
Seats now on sale—Wilson Theatre and Grinnell's—RA. 1124
that realities, the horror of appreciated. Every refugee has Thousands of young people
which Zionist thinkers had never the by
any
as to
the brought to the Land of Israel
right
to regulations
work; he is not
held
through the Youth Aliyah have
up
peri
period of qualification for work, received an education in settle-
for
receipt of negotiations
any loci- ments and institutions which has
nor the
by prolonged
enabled them to go to the Kib-
ments of authorization, if only butzim after two years as zurri-
he wants to work. He has every cultural workers, or even to ( re-
claim to social aid; little as ate new worker groups of t; oir
provision for immigrants has own that could later be setred
hitherto been developed, and with the aid of public fund ,
I have just returned from the
On the one hand, this is an
much as social aid in general
i process which sati , - es
still has to struggle for recog- organic
markets where I was successful
nition and achievement, the fact the need for a trained your!. er
in acquiring a stock of
remains that as far as any pub- generation felt by every a. 1
he institutions consider help for cultural community; on the of el
to
468 PAIRS OF DRAPES
the economically unfortunate to hand, each of these young p 0 -
21/2 and 3 yards long
be part of their duty, to exactly pie is in himself or herself :1-
that degree is the newly arrived other young Jew saved fl •ta
Roughtex, spun rayon and
refugee treated as having the Central Europe. Dozens of
silk damask.
same rights as the old settler. scholars from Germany . , d
Note: This purchase was made from a manufacturer
In addition, the fact that the Italy were provided by the I e-
who was hard pressed for cash . . . Although the
Palestine Naturalization Law brew University with opporte oi-
market price is much higher, we are glad to pass the
permits Palestine citizenship to ties to continue their resea , li
savings on to our customers.
be acquired after only two years and teaching activities; their • P -
of unbroken residence in Pal- pointment has permanently !i-
CLOSE OUT!
estine is in many cases of di- creased the productive capw •LY
rect economic importance. It of the scientific and cultn , al
I lot of Celanese Curtains, odd
facilitates solution of the prob- center of Palestine Jewry.
lem of existence for many pro- . All this is usually classified Is
pairs of prints and plain, 2 1 / 4
fessional men, who in this way "colonization" (of workers or If
and 2 1 / 2 yards long, 9 inch hem.
receive an opportunity to enter the middle class), or as "edu , .-
government service with relative tion" (the school system or t,ie
speed. Before the outbreak of ti. niversity). Yet it would be un-
Buy U. S. Defense
$1.00 Panel
the war, incidentally, appoint- Just not to point out that this
Stamps and Bonds
merit to government posts of im- is also refugee aid—but that, in
migrants who had been in the a singularly happy fashion.
country for even less than two

Aaron B. Margolis

n

Cbeater

WIESO

San Carlo Opera R Company

A Ben Papho Scoop!

DRAPERY WEEK SALE

4.50

-

13.95

See EXPANSION—Page 11

