12

DETROIT' JEWISH CHRONICLE

RELIEF

RUMANIA

(Continued from Page 1)

Continued from Page 1

time is indicated by the fact
that in 1933 there were only
600,000 Jews in Nazi territory
and that today that number has
risen to 2,900,000. New de-
crees published recently have
made it extremely difficult for
Jews to obtain food at stores
in German-controlled cities. A
provision that Jews may do
their marketing only during
the hour from 4 to 5 p. m.
has created a grave situation
where no products remain on
the shelves long enough for the
Jews to be able to obtain them.
In continuing its relief effort
in Germany, the J. D. C. is
called upon to broaden the
scope of its assistance to the
Jewish community.
Declaring that no air raids
could shatter the will of the
500,000 Jews in Palestine to con-
tinue their tasks of rebuilding,
immigration and colonization,
Eliezer Kaplan, treasurer of the
Jewish Agency for Palestine, is-
sued a statement on the eve of
his return to Palestine in which
he expressed satisfaction at the
readiness of American Jews to
help the Jewish community in
Palestine weather the war crisis.
He said that the Jews of Pal-
estine will be greatly encouraged
in their effort to meet the pres-
ent emergency by the realization
on the part of Jews in the United
States that through the instru-
mentality of the United Palestine
Appeal, which is represented in
the United Jewish Appeal, they
can help strengthen the economic
position in the Jewish Homeland.
Despite the critical problems
created by the war the chief
concern of the Jews in Palestine,
Mr. Kaplan declared, was the un-
interrupted continuation of agri-
cultural settlement and refugee
immigration. In the first nine
months of the war, he said, 16,000
Jews came into Palestine. Many
agricultural colonies have been
established and 15 new settle-
ments are to be founded within
the next six months.
In the early months of the
war, 80,000 persons were in need
of relief as a result of the eco-
nomic dislocation. Through the
efforts of the Jewish Agency
for Palestine this figure was re-
duced by 50 per cent and today,
the economic structure has been
almost completely normalized as
a result of special public works
project and new industrial enter-
prises initiated through the
emergency program of the Jewish
Agency. Mr. Kaplan reported
that in the month of May ap-
proximately 40 new industrial
plants were established in Pales-
tine and that 8,000,000 cases of
citrus fruit were exported despite
interruption of normal trade
routes.'
Asserting that the next four
months will be a crucial period
for England and for Palestine,
Mr. Kaplan emphasized that the
Jewish community in Palestine
"looks ahead unafraid and with
courage and determination."
• He pointed out that from every
crisis of the past Palestine Jewry
has succeeded in emerging
"stronger than ever with new
settlements, new industries and
increased population."
Mr. Kaplan left for Palestine
by clipper from San Francisco.
11,754,000 Spent for Refugee Aid
Here in First Six Months
of 1940
A total of $1,754,743.24 was
spent by the National Refugee
Service, a participant in the
United Jewish Appeal, for the in-
tegration and adjustment of refu-
gees in the United States, during
the six months from January to
June of 1940. This expenditure
provided for a wide range of re-
lief, employment, retraining and
educational activities to assure the
speediest and most effective ab-
sorption of Jewish refugees ar-
riving on these shores in accord-
ance with the Federal quota im-
migration laws.
During the first six months of
the year, 1,675 family units were
resettled in various parts of the
cmountry by the National Refu-
gee Service, with the cooperation
of 700 local refugee committees.
This figure represented 2,978 in-
dividuals for whom new homes
were found in centers outside of
the major ports of entry.
The average number of cases
receiving financial assistance from
the N. R. S. amounted to 3,368
during the period under review.
In addition, 2,336 refugees were
aided in finding employment in
the six months ending June, 1940.

half-million Jews remaining in
Rumania.
Affect Sport Clubs
Jews in the other two divisions
are barred from all civil service
posts, may not act as public
notaries or practice law or serve
on business boards. The law
states that Jews in categories 2
and 3 may not be shopkeepers,
in country places, sell drinks,
publish Rumanian books, periodi-
cals or newspapers, or maintain
any connection with Rumanian
national propaganda.
It is stipulated also that Jews
may not be directors, members of
or players in national sports
clubs. All sport clubs in which
Christians were not in the ma-
jority were ordered dissolved.
Excluded from Army
Jews may not enlist in the
armed forces of the country
since the law, fashioned after a
similar Nazi ruling, declares that
military service is "a duty of
honor." Jews will have to pay a
special tax or work out their
service in labor for the commu-
nity.
Jews in all three categories are
forbidden to own rural property.
Rural estates now owned by Jews
may be expropriated by the Min-
istry of Agriculture or sold to
Rumanians if the Ministry does
I not
its pre-emption

Restrict Pension Rights
Jewish children are barred
from membership in the Ruman-
ian Youth Organization, which
may mean that they will be
barred from public schools, since
a present regulation requires all
school children to belong to the
youth organization.
In the future Jews may not ac-
quire or establish industrial con-
cerns in villages or adopt Ru-
manian names. The law empow-
ers the government to dismiss all
Jewish public officials within
three months. Jews in the pro-
hibited occupations or professions
must resign within six months.
Pension rights of Jewish pub-
lic officials will be restricted.
Jewish workers will not enjoy the
same rights accorded Rumanian
workers under the Labor Act.
Arrest "Alarmists"
The law does not define clear-
ly which professions, with the
exception of law, are barred to
Jews. The decree states that
Jews may not practice profes-
sions "having liaison with the
public authority."
Jews in the third category are
subject to the same restrictions
applying to those in the second
category, but, it is expected, that
added economic curbs will be
placed on Jews in the last cate-
gory.
A few hours after the new
anti-Jewish laws were announced,
Rumanian police arrested 22
journalists, including 17 Jews, in
what was described as the be-
ginning of a major round-up of
"alarmists". The journalists, many
of them arrested in raids on
coffee houses, were cent to the
Caracal concentration camp, 90
miles from Bucharest.
Many of the Jewish newspaper-
men, it was understood, had been
employed by local newspapers un-
til recently when Jewish news-
papers were suppressed by the
government. Some of these jour-
nalists, it was alleged, illegally
continued their activities.

Report Nazis Ask Rumanians to
Delay Curbs on Jews
NEW YORK. (WNS) — Fear
that the immediate introduction
of the sweeping anti-Jewish code
in Rumania would lead to eco-
nomic chaos throughout the
country has prompted Nazi Ger-
many to ask the Rumanian gov-
ernment to postpone temporarily
application of the anti-Semitic
laws, according to an Associated
Press dispatch from Bucharest.
The dispatch said that the al-
leged Nazi intervention was based
on the belief that Jews occupy so
vital a position in Rumania's eco-
nomic life that their sudden ex-
clusion would impair production
and slow the flow of needed sup-
plies to Germany.

Nazis Expel Jews from Cracow;
65,000 Ordered to Leave
in 14 Days
LISBON. (WNS)—The Jewish
population of Cracow in Nazi-
occupied Poland, approximately
65,000, has been given 14 days
to leave the city. Nine thousand
Jews already have departed and

and

the Legal Chronicle

thousands of others are leaving
Cracow daily.
Jews who leave by Aug. 15„ it
was learned, will be permitted to
take all their possessions with
them. Penalties will be imposed
on those Jews who do not leave
by the designated time.
One unconfirmed report said
that the Nazi authorities will per-
mit 10,000 Jews to remain in the
city in order to prevent an eco-
nomic breakdown. Arrangements
for the migration, it was under-
stood, were made by Nazi au-
thorities with leaders of the Jew-
ish community in Cracow.

Roads Leading from Cracow
Crowded with Jews Carrying
Belongings
LONDON. — (WNS) — All
roads from Cracow, Poland, are
crowded with Jewish men, wom-
en and children, their belongings
on their backs, some pushing
hand trucks laden with furniture,
as the city's 65,000 Jews rushed
to leave in compliance with or-
ders issued by Nazi authorities,
it was learned here. •
Protests Make Nazis Back Down
on Yellow Badges for Antwerp
Jews
The recent Nazi order compel-
ling Jews in Antwerp, Belgium,
to wear yellow badges in their
street clothing as a mark of
degradation has been rescinded
because of the protests of the
non-Jewish population, it was re-
ported here.
Non-Jews, it was said, sewed
similar yellow badges on their
clothing and paraded through the
streets of Antwerp with Jews.
The demonstration was greeted
with enthusiasm by the Belgium
population, causing Nazi authori-
ties to withdraw the order.

Italian Paper Demand s Ban on
Novels of "The Jew,
John Steinbeck"
LISBON. (WNS)—The Italian
newspaper, 11 Regime Fascista of
Cremona,• mouthpiece of Italy's
more rabid Jew-baiters, editor-
ially demanded a ban on the
"anti-Christian novels of the Jew,
John Steinbeck." The paper men-
tioned specifically "The Grapes
of Wrath" and "Of Mice and
Men".
The article was one in a series
featured in the Italian press in a
government - insnired attempt to
arouse anti - Jewish sentiments
among the population's.
(Editor's Note: John Stein-
beck, famous American novelist,
is not Jewish. Reference to Stein-
beck's family history will be
found in the Purely Commentary
column in this issue.)

CONGRESS

(Continued from Page 1)

refugees had been driven: namely,
Rumania, Lithuania and Hun-
gary. These representatives com-
piled lists of the refugees and
forwarded the lists to Jewish
communities in other countries
where they were published and
help obtained from relatives and
friends. The publication of these
lists by the World Jewish Con-
gress was inestimable service to
thousands of refugees and were
the first tangible evidence of their
plight which reached the outside
world.
Organize Immigration
Following closely upon the pub-
lication of refugee lists, Refugee
Aid Committees were established
by the World .Jewish Congress in
all countries adjacent to Poland
and the functioning of these com-
mittees made possible by initial
funds supplied through the World
Jewish Congress. A special rep-
resentative of the Executive Com-
mittee has been delegated to Ru-
mania to conduct relief work and
to organize the immigration of a
great part of the refugees to
Palestine.
Relief efforts for refugees have
been further expanded and given
considerable impetus through af-
filiation with the World Jewish
Congress of the Jewish communi-
ties in Argentina, Urugay, Chile
and Bolivia. These South Ameri-
can communities are cooperating
actively with the World Jewish
Congress in a drive for the
strengthening of the Jewish Na-
tional Home in Palestine as well
as in the relief work in other
countries.
Social Work Department
The increased and increasing
response of these and many other
Jewish communities to the call
for relief action has made pos-
sible the establishment by the
Executive Committee of the World
Jewish Congress of a special de-

August 16, 1940

partment for social work at the
central office of the Congress in
Geneva. Further efficiency has
been insured the work of relief
by conducting certain of the ac-
tivities of this department from
a new office recently established
in New York. One of the first
acts of this department was to
send 14 cases of medical supplies
purchased in Switzerland to the
Jewish community in 1Varsaw,
through the International Red
Cross.
A summary of the relief ac-
tivities of the World Jewish Con-
gress is an eloquent reminder of
world tragedy and chaos:
r.t !kiwi" NE:
Polish refugees are

being cared for through t he medium
of a te:eecial commit tee working ,•losely
et it II I lie national self-got ernmental In-
,,titutinns in t111.: 1 .01111(ry nod with t he
organizations affiliated with the Jew -
WI Agency.
R1VMANI.t:
I'ntii recent ly a special
represent att v e of t he Congress was ac-
tive In supervising relief work for
Jewish refugees from Poland.
SOUTHERN 'MANCE:
•,,.. mem-
bers of t he Evecut it e
01111111MT Or
t he I Voile' Jewish Congress are 1.011 -
duel I ng relief work for t he tens of
I !tonsured.. of refugees convent rated in
Toulouse and in n i nny other centers,
one of I he most important of these
In Loud . One of the former em-
ployees of Ike World Jewish Congress.
Impelling from camp to camp, relav
to executives of I he World Jew isle C011-
gress suggestions as to methods for
carrying on relief work.
P(IRTUGAL:
One of I he leading
prrsona lit les In t he nil iv e Jewish
population h: Hellve as it representative
of t he IVorld Jewish Congress.
GERM.% N-OCCUPI El) TERRITORIES
OF POLAND:
The lending' fill/1110M
organizations are receiving the financial
help t he World Jewish Congress
to enable them to carry on t heir re-
lief activities.

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