A merica Apish PerlaSeal Carter CLIFTON ATOMS • CINCINNATI 20, OHIO CG 1W 14 THE ONLY ANGLO-JEWISH All Jewish News All Jewish View.; WITHOUT BIAS NEWSPAPER PRINTED 4 , IN MICHIGAN TII- EPETROIT LWISII tRONICL f1 TELEPHONE CADILLAC 1-0-4-0 and THE LEGAL CHRONICLE ANTI-SEMITES IN NO TIME FOR JOKES! POLAND ASK JEWS A Humorist Gets Serious About the Jews BE DISFRANCHISED By EDDIE CANTOR Additional Thousands Face Economic Ruin Under Schechita Law EDITOR'S NOTE: We Present herewith the full teat of an address delivered by America's most famous entertainer at the annual luncheon of the New York Chapter of Hadassah. (Copyright, 1916, Seven Arts Feature Syndicate) This is somewhat of a different women at every meal in my RAILWAYS ESTABLISH occasion for me. Somebody said home." JEWISH GHETTO CARS to me when I came into this room: It would be an easy matter to "Jim Crow" Methods Now Instituted by Anti- Semitic Poland WARSAW.— (WNS) — Can- cellation of the citizenship rights of the Polish Jews, the expropria- tion of their property and its dis- tribution among needy Poles are among the demands made by the National Radical Party (Naras), the anti-Semitic extremists, in leaflets widely distributed in all sections of Warsaw. The Naras, who have no legal standing as a political party, have, by these de- mands, embraced the entire Nazi program so far as the Jews are concerned. Emil Sommerstein, Jew i s h member of the Sejm, has laid be- fore Minister of Interior Racki- wicz a detailed memorandum re- garding the anti-Jewish disturb- ances and the boycott agitation against Jewish merchants. Susman Mendelsohn of Prytyk, who was seriously injured in the recent pogrom in that town, died of his injuries in the Warsaw Jewish Hospital. His death brings the number of Jewish fatalities in the Przytyk pogrom to three. Thousands More Face Ruin Meanwhile the now slaughter- ing bill remained only one step from becoming the law of the land when it was approved by the Senate and sent to President Mos- kicki for his signature. The meas- ure, which becomes effective Jan- uary 1, 1937, permits Jews to continue the practice of schechita but limits the amount of cattle and poultry ,,slaughtered accord- ing to the exact needs of the Jew- ish population. Final passage of the law will deprive some 20,000 Jews of their livelihood because it means the elimination of Jews from the meat industry. Several thousands additional Jews face economic ruin through the new law which gives the min- istry of agriculture complete con- trol over the dairy industry. Jews engaged in the milk trade fear discrimination resulting from the sweeping powers given to the min- istry of agriculture by the new measure. "Ghetto cars" for Jews, pat- terned after the "Jim Crow cars" for Negroes in the Southern states of the United States, have been established by the Polish railway authorities as a means of safeguarding Jewish passengers from periodic assaults by anti- Semites. Instead of providing protection for Jewish passengers in the regular cars, the Polish railroads, which are government- owned, have set aside special cars designated for Jewish passengers, thus playing into the hands of the anti-Semites. Jewish circles are greatly wrought over the fact that Rabbi Triestman and leaders of the Przytyk Jewish community were coerced into signing a statement attributing partial responsibility for the recent Przytyk pogrom to Jews. The statement signed by the Przytyk Jewish leaders admit,' that the trouble began when a (PLEASE TURN TO LAST PAGE) "Aren't you afraid to lunch here stand here at this time and make you laugh. If you came here surrounded by all these women?" thinking you were going to have And I said: "I'm surrounded by a great deal of fun out of Eddie Cantor, you are in for a disap- pointment. With what we have facing us right now and in the very near future, it would be a sacrilege to tell you jokes that you can hear on the radio every Sunday night anyway. I have known of the work that Four New Names Added to Hadas.sah has been doing a good many years, and let me confess the Home's Board of that I was interested in it super- Directors ficially, more to my sorrow. A month ago I had the occasion to At the 28th annual meeting of meet two of the most important the Jewish Old Folks' Home, the Christians in the world. One of men is the greatest friend following new members were these the Jews have had in this cen- unanimously elected to its board tury—James G. McDonald, and of directors: Charles Dricker, when I heard what Mr. McDonald had to say about Germany and the Jewish youth of Germany, and when I heard what Westbrook Pegler had to say, I realize that I belong right here with Hadassah and the work you are doing for Youth Aliyah. LOOK OUT! It is not a difficult matter to frighten you. Every actor should be able to do that. But I want to tell you of some of the facts that perhaps you do not know and should know. In the last 48 hours I have been in touch with a gen- tleman who tells me that when the Olympic Games are over in Germany you will see a pogrom that will make Russia and Poland look like Sunday School picnics. That is going to happen. And I ask you—what are you going to do about it. The older Jews in Germany have no chance. They must die. You cannot save them no matter how you try. But if JACOB LEVIN you have a love for your own Harry Hyman, H. C. Broder and children, you must save the Jew- Joseph Bernstein. ish youth of Germany. Here we are, all of us gathered At the monthly meeting of the board of directors held March 15, at the ballroom of the Waldorf- officers of the home were unani- Astoria in New York City, and mously re-elected for the ensuing you feel pretty safe. There were year as follows; Jacob Levin, presi- many Jewish men and women dent; Louis Dann, 1st vice-prem- gathered 10 years ago in Ger- den, DavirOpP01fittirn;'2nd vice- many in - ballrooms 'WM felt just president; Max Lieberman, treas- as safe as you do now—and I say urer; Moses Weiswasser, super- to you, look out! intendent, and E. Korman, finan- WE DARE NOT FAIL! cial and recording secretary. The message I give to you I The complete list of the board want you to take home to your of directors follows: husbands. They are too busy Sidney J. Allen, Maurice Aron- making money to know what is soon, Joseph Bernstein, Maxwell going on. You women know L. Black, Nathan Brenner, H. C. about it. So I say, take home Broder, Ben Cohen, David J. this message. If your husband be- Cohen, Louis Dann, Anthony lieves in insurance, tell him that Deutsch, Charles Dricker, Marvin if we fail those on the other aide, Gingold, N. Goldman, Harry S. God knows what is going to hap. Grant, Rabbi A. M. Hershman, pen here. This is insurance. Harry Hyman, Abe Keidan, Judge Anything that you do for the Harry B. Keidan, Myron A. Keys, Jews on the other side is insur- Dr. D. Kliger, Jacob Levin, Henry ance for you here in America. Levitt, Mrs. J. H. Levitt, Moses They are waiting for us, those Levitt, Max Lieberman, R. Loe- anti-Semitic groups' here and all wenberg, Gus Newman, David over the world, to see whether or Oppenheim, Herman Radner, not we fail there. And we dare Louis Robinson, I. Rosenthal, Eli not fail! I have never felt it Sachse, Wm. Sandler, Nate S. until the last two and a half Shapero, Max Schneider, Morris years here. I have had organ- Schneider, Morris Steinberg, Abe izations threaten me, threaten my Srere, George M. Stutz, Moses family, call up the people for Weiswasser. Representatives of whom I work—and frankly, I tell the Women's Auxiliary of the you I am a little bit frightened. home on the board of directors I am not going to atop. They are are: Mrs. Rose Ferar, Mrs. J. H. threatening me for only one rea- Goldberg, Mrs. H. Wine, OLD FOLKS' HOME RE-ELECTS J. LEVIN PARENTS APPROVE DEMONSTRATIONS An Open Letter to Dr. Stephen S. Wise in Which Jacob de Haas Charges That American Jewish Lead- Talk Is No Remedy ership is Bungling Polish Situation By JACOB DE HAAS Pleased With Work of He- brew Schools; First Grad. uation April 22 (CopeOI"t, 115), Seven Arta Feature Syndicate I Dear Friend: A year ago we met at a meeting of the Z. 0, A. Executive Commit- tee, where you first made love to the Peale Zion, and I, to the sur- prise of critics, ventured the even- toned forecast that the great pro- gram then being deliberated upon as the instructions of delegates to the Lucerne Congress, would be rendered meaningless and inept by the march of events. When I saw you today surrounded by our aco- lytes at the typical mass-meeting- conference of the American Jewish Congress, at the Hotel Edison, I was wondering whether you or any of your colleagues recalled the brave and ponderous strings of words in which all of you indulged less than a year ago. I wondered, for there was so much of baffle- ment and the unexpected, to the orators, in what I heard from Zionist lips, that the cruelty of grotesque peered the painful pur- pose of the meeting. Watching Dr. Margoshes, I recalled his explana- tion some two years ago on the strident character of the anti- German agitation; "We most dramatize the news." His aid has proved unneceiwary, the facts have long since outrun the frenetic' of any rewrite man. Nearly three years have elapsed since you and your associates set out to fight Hitler. Less than a month ago you were telling the German Jews that they stand up and fight for their right*. Poor devils, they have no rights. All your comings and goings to Wash- ington, like the journeys of the American Jewish Committee. and the delegations of other organiza- tion', produced zero. Hitler has Per Year, $3.00; Per Copy, 10 Cents DETROIT, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, APRIL 3, 1936 VOL. XXXVII No 45 won. On the very day that I read your advice to the Jews in Ger- many I noticed that the Hilts Ver- ein had started a dozen emigration offices, and that it was expected that the emigration to South America would this year equal that which proceeded to Palestine last year. Look at the Facts The chapter of German Jewish existence is closing. The futility of American Jewish leadership of every stripe has pranced the world stage for three years. In the early dawn—I know you are an early riser—has this futility and im- potence never struck you? Has the consequence of its public expose never registered on your sensitive and impressionable mind? I do not intend this as a rhe- torical question. I know you as a Zionist since 1999. I have wit- nessed some of the storms and stresses of your ardent tempera- ment. Do your emotions override all the facts of life? I ask because, facing another phase of the great Jewish deluge today, the misery and sufferings of the Jews in Po- land, the same wheezy machinery was set in motion, the same frayed sentiments were torn into thinner shreds, and the same type of tur- gid resolution, indictment and de- cision to appeal to ambassadors and Washington indulged in. I know it was not intended, the sense of dull pain was evident in speakers and audience, but there was some plain bladder-whacking . I would not even mention It, ex- cept that that too had in it the element of tragedy. Do you expect to 'thieve any- ( PLUS1 TORN TO /ACM a' The demonstration lessons in the various classes of the United Hebrew Schools which began in the middle of the month of Adar will be continued until the latter part of the month of Nissan. These lessons give the parents and their friends a complete picture of the work done at the schools. The lea- non is divided into two parts: the regular work in language, history, Chumosh, reading, etc., and a dem- onstration of the special work in the study of the holiday. Much time is being devoted in all classes to the study of the his- tory of Passover, the manner in which it is being celebrated, the whys and wherefores of the vari- ous symbols and ceremonies, the proper reading and interpretation of the Hagadah and the singing of the Hagadah songs. The parents who have thus far attended the demonstration les- sons have been unstinting in their praise for the work of the schools and have asked for a repetition of such lessons from time to time. It is felt by the management of the schools that such projects may be repeated before each major holi- day. Many of the parents stated that while they knew that their children were doing good work at the schools and that the children attended the schools with eager- ness and enthusiasm. they did not know the extent of the work cov- ered by the children in one semes- ter. They were very mach im- pressed both by the knowledre dis- played by the children and by the holiday atmosphere with which the rooms were nerrneated. 6-Mile Real Cualeatie• The graduation exercises of the euesse TURN TO PAO! I) Ludwig Lewisohn Selects 10 Greatest Living Jews The ten greatest living Jews, the first four of whom rank as geniuses of the first order, have been named by Dr. Lud- wig Lewisohn, distinguished au- thor and leader of Jewish thought in America, as the fol- lowing: Albert Einstein, physi- cist; Sigmund Freud, psycholo- gist; Henri Bergson, philoso. pher; Martin Huber, religious philosopher; Chaim Weizmann, chemist and Zionist leader; Bernard Zondek, gynecologist; Shalom Aech, Yiddish author; Stephen S. Wise, religious leader; Louis D. Brandeis, jus- tice of the U. S. Supreme Court; and Arnold Schoen- berg, composer. ELECTION APRIL 9 AT SHAAREY ZEDEK Annual Meeting to Hear Re- ports; Topics of Pass- over Sermons Congregation Shaarey Zedek will hold election of officers at the 'annual meeting to be held on Thursday evening, April 9, in the social hall of the synagogue. Reports will be submitted at this meeting by the president, Isaac Shetzer; the treasurer, Mor- ris Blumberg; the secretary, Ar- thur S. Purdy, and the chairmen of the standing committees as well as the presidents of all aux- iliary organizations. Passover Services Large congregations are ex- pected to attend Passover services beginning with Monday evening, April 6. Rabbi A. M. Ilershman an- nounces that the topics of his ser- mons for the first two days of Passover will be as follows: Tuesday, April 7, "Four Types of Jews;" Wednesday, April 8, "The Passover Hope." Rabbi Hershman will deliver his sermons at 10:45 o'clock on Tuesday and Wednesday mornings, April 7 and 8, and on Monday and Tuesday mornings, April 13 and 14. Passover services will commence at 6:45 evenings and at 8:45 mornings. Memorial services ,wiil..be in- ducted at."10:30 o'clock on Tues- day morning, April 14. Choir to Assiit Sonenklar Under the direction of Cantor Jacob H. Sonenklar, the veteran Shaarey Zedek men's quartet will again perform during the Pass- over holidays. The first tenor is Harry Cohen. The first bass is Joseph Cantor, The second bass is Morris Shat- zen, and for the second tenor's (PLEASE TURN TO LAST PAUL, Discuss 'What Camp' at Meeting Sunday Boyd L Walker and Lary Becker to Address Recreation and Education Committee "What Camp?" will be the question discussed at the meeting of the Recreation and Education Committee of the Detroit Serv- ice Group on Sunday afternoon, April 5, at 3:30 o'clock, at the Jewish Community Center, Wood- ward at Holbrook, in the general lounge. "Pointers on Choosing • Sum- mer Camp" will be given by Boyd I. Walker, Metropolitan Boys Work secretary of the Y.M.C.A. Mr. Walker serves as acting di- rector of the famous Camp Nisso- kone at Lake Van Etten, and has organized a course in camping at the University of Michigan A discussion of "The Jewish Program in a Summer Camp" will be led by Levy M. Becker, educa- tional director of the Jewish Com- munity Center. NEW ANTI-SEMITIC 1Wineman Is Selected as Chairman MOVEMENT CAUSES Of Pre-Campaign Efforts for Allied WORRY IN AUSTRIA; Concern Among Jews Clericals Start Drive for Restrictions 1,31 _ _ _ MAY INVOKE MINORITY TREATY ON AGITATION Clarence H. Enggass, Maurice J. Caplan, Nate Shapero, Israel . rumeinocn, , Maurice aurice ronsson, a Harry Grant, J. H. Ehrlich Julian Krolik, Joseph Welt his Associate Chairmen Anti-Jewish Attack Led by Jesuit and by Vienna's Vice-Mayor PETOSKEY-BURLINGAME SITE DECIDED ON AS LOCATION FOR BUILDING FOR HOME FOR AGED VIENNA (WNS) — Invocation of the minority clauses guaran- teed by the League of Nations is being seriously considered by Jewish leaders in Vienna as a means of dealing with the elk- hilly-inspired anti-Semitic agita- tion that is causing serious con- cern to the Jewish population. Open appeals for the exclusion of Detroit Chemist Named National Leader of the Friends of New Germany BUFFALO, N. Y.—(WNS) —Fritz Kuhn, Detroit chemist, was re-elected national presi- dent of the Friends of the New Germany at a national convention held here behind closed doors. Neither press nor public were admitted to the convention and none of the convention's happenings leaked out. , Ground to be Broken and Work Started on New Structure at Spe- cial Ceremonies to be Held on Sunday, April 19; Conference of Jewish Organizations Starts Work for the Drive Preparations for the Allied Jewish Campaign, which will be conducted from May 12 to 22 for a goal of $323,550, gained mo- mentum this week with the acceptance by Henry Wineman of the pre-campaign organization. Mr. Wineman will be assisted by five pre-campaign teams which will be directed by the following associate chairmen: Team 1, Clarence H. Enggass and Maurice J. Caplan; Team 2, Nate S. Sha- pero and Israel Himelhoch; Team 3, Maurice Aronsson and Harry S. Grant; Team 4, Joseph H. Ehrlich; Team 5, Julian H. Krolik and Joseph M. Welt. Irving W. Blumberg has been selected to act as secretary of the pre-campaign divisions. Mr. Wineman's acceptance of this important post otnhee campaign pt elnatec e i se hp!m of posi- Heads Pre-Campaign Organization For $323,550 Allied Drive's Quota Jews from Austrian cultural, po- litical, economic and professional life have been voiced by Josef Kresse, vice-mayor of Vienna; Father George Michlmair, an in- fluential Jesuit priest; Leopold Kunschak, head of the Catholic trade unions and other prominent figures close to the government. The financial difficulties of . the huge Phoenix Insurance Company are being blamed on the Jews be- cause M. Berliner, chairman of (PLEASE TURN TO PAGE I) SECRETARY ROPER ATTACKS BIGOTRY Lauds 'Humanitarian -Work of National Jewish Hospital WASHINGTON, D. C.—Racial and religious discrimination can find no place in our national life, Daniel C. Roper, Secretary of Commerce, told an audience of 500 people at the Mayflower Hotel here Sunday night. Speaking at the banquet honoring the officers and trustees of the National Jew- ish Hospital at Denver, here for the 36th annual meeting of the institution, Secretary Roper stated that it was the ability of Amer- ican citizens to reach beyond ra- cial and religious lines for the common good that had been the foundation of the growth and progress of the United States. Urging an ever-increasing rec- ognition by society of its respon- sibility for those who do not have Series of Services Planned as Part of the Program: Con- gregational Seder April 7; Young People's Service on April 12 meat of Reform Judaism in this country. Among its rabbis have been outstanding personali- ties, including Liebman Adler, Henry Zirndorf, Kaufman Kohler, and Louis Grossman, none of whom, unfortunately, survives. Temple Beth El has been a pio- neer in many movements that have influenced the congregational life of America. It was the first con- gregation anywhere to introduce the unassigned pew, which was re- garded as a first step in the dem- ocratization of the synagogue; a plan which, bitterly opposed at the beginning, has now been adopted by more than 250 congregations In every part of the land. Recently it has taken a second step in this direction In the Institution of the so-called Detroit Temple Group Plan. It is a plan which encour- ages a greater participation on the part of the members of the con- gregation than had heretofore been possible. This plan, too, is being watched by congregations every- where, and because of its great success in Detroit, is likely to be adopted by many congregations. Congressional Seder On Tuesday evening. April 7, the members of Temple Beth El (rLasse TURN TO LAIR FAGS) aged. Myron Keys presided at last Sunday's conference which was addresse, by Kurt Peiser, execu- tive director of the Allied Jewish Campaign and of the Federation. Lauding the efforts of the Com- mittee of 21, the captains and workers representing the confer- ence of Jewish,Organizations, Mr. Peiser pointed to the manner in which efforts for the Allied Jew- ish Campaign have cemented good will between the various elements in the community and have led to greater unity than has ever (PLEASE TITAN TO LA re Panel Deadline Is Advanced For Next Two Weeks On account of the Passover Festival, the deadline for all copy to be submitted for pub- lication in our issue of Friday, April 10, has been advanced to Monday morning, April 6, at 9 o'clock. All copy received after that hour will be re- tained for publication in the following week's issue. A similar deadline will be in force for the issue of April 17. tions in the drive, which is to be conducted under the general chairmanship of Fred M. Butzel. At present chairman of the board of governors of the Jewish Wel- fare Federation, Mr. Winemaa has nerved as chairman of Allied Jewish Campaigns and as preel- dent of the Federation. He holds many important national posi- tions, including membership on the executive committees of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, the Joint Distribution Committee and the American Jewish Committee. Old Folks' Home Site An important decision which served to stimulate activity on the part of many organizations in be- half of the drive was made last week when it was announced that the 4%-acre site on Petoskey near Burlingame Ayes., has definitely been selected as the location for the building to be erected this year for the Jewish Old Folks' Home. At a meeting of the Confer- ence of Jewish Organizations, held Sunday morning at the Jewish Community Center, it was stated that ground for the new building will be broken on April 19. Plans will be an- nounced next week regarding appropriate ceremonies which will mark the occasion for the commencement of work on the new building and the begin- ning of the realization of a community need for an ade- quate structure to care for the Jewish ( PLEASE TURN TO PAWN ) 85th Anniversary of Temple Beth El To Be Celebrated April 24, 25 and 26 Beginning April 24 and conti- nuing through Sunday, April 26, Congregation Beth El will cele- brate the 85th year of its exist- ence. Actually this celebration should have taken place last Nov- ember, but for various reasons it was postponed. The program contemplates a series of three services, one on Sabbath Eve, April 24, when the anniversary sermon will be preached by Dr. Leo M. Franklin who has served the congregation as its rabbi for considerably more than a third of its entire history. On Sabbath morning, an approp- riate children's service will be held and on Sunday morning Rabbi Leon Fram will preach the ser- mon. Rabbis from other cities in the atate will also be asked to par- ticipate in the service. On Sunday evening, April 28, there will be held a congregational banquet at which Rabbi Louis Wolaey, one of the leaders in the Reform move- ment In America, will be the prin- cipal speaker, Consnannity Significance The occasion is one not only of significance to the members of Congregation Beth El, but as well to the tarter Jewish cemmunity of the city. Temple Beth El has played an important part in the develop- Jewish Drive to Be Held May 12-22 HENRY WINEMAN WILL PLAN POLISH RELIEF ON SUNDAY THE WORLD'S WINDOW Z. Tygel, National Federa- tion Secretary, Will Speak A conference to plan action here for the relief of oppressed and economically suffering Jews in Poland will be held at the 11'nel Moshe, Dexter and Lawrence, at 2 p. m. this Sunday. Z. Tygel, national secretary of the Federation of Polish Jews in America, will be the guest speak- er at this conference which will be presided over by Harry Wein- berg, president of the Detroit branch of the Polish Federation. A report will be submitted by the committee ',elected at the con- ference three weeks ago to plan relief action. Mr. Tygel will also be guest of a selected group of leaders at dinner at Lachar's this Saturday night. • • • POLISH LEGATION DEFENDS ACTION IN SCHECHITA BILL NEW YORK. — Assurances that the Polish Government's at- titude toward the Slaughter of Animals Bill now being considered by the Polish Sejm is that it can be passed only if the constitu- tional rights of the Jewish and other religious minorities are fully safeguarded, are given in • letter from Wladyslaw Sokolow- ski, Polish charge d'Affaires in Washington, to Dr. Cyrus Adler, president of the American Jewish Committee. The letter of the charge d'af- faires is a reply to the protest against the bill pent by Dr. Adler in behalf of the American Jewish Committee to the Polish ambas- sador in Washington. In his let- ter to the Ambassador, Dr. Adler pointed out that the legislative ( proposal Involved the observance (PLEASE TURN TO Loft PAOS) By LUDWIG LEWISOHN Thl• column Is copyright by the Seven Art. Feature Syndicate. Re- production In .101. or in part etrictly forbidden. Aar Infringement ea this copyright will be preeecuteel. "PASSQVERTIME" In the Talmudic tractate of Pesachim (Fol. 8b) the following paragraph Le to be read. "In Jer- usalem there are no fruits as ex- cellent as those on the shore of Kinereth in order that the Pil- grims might not say: 'had we come only to eat the excellent fruits, it would have sufficed us.' For had this been so the pilgrim- age would not have been under- taken for its own sake. Similarly in Jerusalem there are no hot spring like those of Tiberias In order that the pilgrims might not gay: 'had we come only to bathe in the hot springs, it would have sufficed us.' For had this been so the pilgrimage would not have been undertaken for its own sake." The Germans used to say espe- cially during the war that it was of the essence of their national character to do a thing for its own sake. They were bitter even then against the Jewish people for what they called the Jewish avidity for ZIrock, that is, for utilitarian purposefulness, for an arid practicality. Like all ■nti- Semitic accusations this one Is as topsy-turvy as life in "Alice in Wonderland." Of nearly every anti-Semitic accusation the con- trary is true. We are accused of avarice and are prodigel; we are accused of hanging together and are disgusting and disastrous wranglers and brawlers; we are accused of hard practicality and are so moon-struck with Individ - ual theorizing and cliquish party tenacities that we cannot make political compromises even when it is necessary to save our very lives u witness the secession of the Revisionists and the anti-Pal- estine innuendos within American factions. But this ideological factional- ism, though it is three-fourths atiffneckedness and the self-as- sertiveness of wounded natures, is one-fourth an empirical distor- tion of the divinely high principle enunciated in the above Gemara of Pesachim. The pilgrimage must be undertaken for its own sake. The command Is unconditioned. The act must be utterly pure. Purpose must be by-product; util- ity must be by-product even as in art or in any other high human activity success and effectiveness must be by-products and perfec- tion must be the only aim. This paradox of the moral life, which Is the Tery core and center of all life has, of course, been enunciated by the high spirits of every civilization. It has been enunciated by no one oftener and more impressively than by our saint. and sages. Over and over again we hear concerning the absolute command and the utter purity of kevama, of inten- tion, with wh;...h the command is to be embraced and obeyed. hun- every ttars airetearataafthearvehum- libera- tion; in every age Israel has hun- gered gered and thirsted after its own specific liberation. after its set- ting free from Mizrairn, eternal symbol of the house of bondage. And there were times when the (PLWASt TURN TO LAST P.505)