/Writing 'elfish Palatal eater

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CLIFTON KUM)!

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CINCINNATI 20, OHIO

PeDerRorri /Emsn ORONICLE

and TfIE L GAL CHRONICLE

THE INFLUENCE OF MAIMONIDES
ON JEWISH HISTORY

PAGE THREE

THE WEEK IN JEWIS H HISTORY

(Continued from Page Two)
his work on the philosophy of re-
MARCH 7TH 1190
MARCH 3 RDIZt1O-FRAHCE
the vast shaft of the Talmud, and ligion, "The Guide of the Per-
ACRE AT STAMFORDENGLAND
G RA
S
CONFISCATION OF HEBREW BOOK:
RRS
plexed" (Moreh Nebukim, about
SEEKING BOOTY PIO
R R
placed them in their proper posi-
TO SAILING FORTHE
1190),
a
work
that
is
of
utmost
HOLYL AMO 24 CARTLOADS OF PRICELESS
tions; of how he separated the gold
ATTACK THE JEWS. LOOTING PROPERTY COPIES OF THE TALMUD PROSCRIF
significance not merely for Juda-
AND SLAYING - THOSE WI40
AS BLASPIIE MOUS SLANDER ACAS
from the dross, joined the Talmu-
ism, but also for medieval philoso-
CHRISTIANITY
CAN HOT ESCAPE,
dic again to the Biblical, connected
BURNED
phy in general. This work presents
the particular with the general, and
IM PARIS
the highest expression of Maimon-
out of the apparently incongruous
ides' intellect, and the justification
composed an organic whole, a work
of his inmost convictions. In its
of art. If the T almud be comps!. form, this epoch-making work ap-
able to a labyrinthic structure.
In
pears
to be a collection of separ-
which one would lose himself with-
out an Ariadne thread, then Mai- ate essays on important points
which
the author elaborated for his
monides created out of it a well-
favorite disciple, Joseph ibn Aknin
ordered edifice with wings, ball,
al-Maghrabi, of Fez, in order to
suites, chambers and small rooms
in which a stranger may find his calm the doubts that disturbed and
way without a guide, and may ob- harassed his soul; in reality, how-
tain a general view of all that the ever, it was prompted by the neces-
sity to make clear to himself his
Talmud contains.
philosophic conception of the world
Next to the excellence of its and the place that Judaism occu-
form, the contents of this book pied therein.
have exerted a decided influence
Maimonides was, on the one
MARCH 1ST 1 349- WORMS
upon the development of Jewish
ACCUSED OF BRINGING NINE BLACK
history. All the various one-sided hand, firmly convinced of the truth
DEATH. OVER Hoo HEROIC 500LS DESTRO(
tendencies which his predecessors of the Aristotelian philosophy as
ThEMSELVES IN THEIR BURNING HOMES
had cultivated on the soil of Juda- elaborated by the Mohammedan
RATHER TITAN BE MASSACRED
ism, Maimonides reduced in this philosopher Ibn Sena and others.
work to perfect harmony. Nothing On theether hand, he was no less
in this work is given prominence, firmly convinced of the absolute
nothing slighted. The philosophic, truth of Judaism. Both appeared
the moral, the ritualistic, and the to him to have the starting point
genial sides of Judaism, so to speak, and a common goal. This philoso-
that express themselves in the phy recognizes the one God as the
hopes of a Messianic redemption, cause and the mover of all beings.
are treated in this work with equal Judaism teaches the unity of God
appreciation. All the intellectual with equal emphasis and abhors
efforts of more than three centur- polytheism no less thoroughly.
ies, since Sandia first attempted a Metaphysics knows no higher aim
rational conception of Judaism, all for man that the endeavor to
asItY ONE SINtrLE MAHUSSUOT
find their culmination in this book. achieve the highest knowledge, the
OP TUE MOLE TALMUD
One may almost say that Maimoni- knowledge of God, at the head of
HAS Wet
PRESERVED
des created a new Talmud. The achieve the highest knowledge. Jud-
Mishnah, the foundation of the aism also, even Talmudic Juda-
—Bowan, drawn for the J.D.g.'hy David Ross.
Talmud, begins with the legal ques- ism places knowledge, the knowl-
tion: "At what hour may the She- edge of God, at the head of
ma be recited in the evening?" and its commandments. If the truth
concludes with the discussion when which the human mind in its full
this or that becortfes Levitically un- vigor evolved out of itself and the
When I was a boy of six or seven,
clean. Maimonides, on the other revelation which God gave to Is- a neighbor lad asked me to come ways in which they have been
hand, begins his Talmudic code: rael, on Sinai, are alike at the over to his house. We went out to brought up are the only right
"The main foundation, the pillar beginning and at the end, then their the barn. After recannoiterong to ways; and they view other ways
of all wisdom, is to know that there separate parts must likewise cor- make sure nobody was spying, he with suspicion and fear.
is an original Being, the cause of respond and be related to each produced a set of tiddly-winks and
The most notable exampe is the
everything that exists" and con- other as one and the same truth taught me the game. After we had prejudice of other races towards
cludes with the words: "and the only expressed in different ways. finished playing and I was about to the Jews,and vice-versa, although
earth shall be full of the knowledge Judaism can all the less be in Con- go, he said to me:
the Jews do not usually display as
of the Lord even as the waters flict with philosophy, since both
much antipathy as their enemies.
"Dont tell your mother we play- The root of the difficulty is simply
cover the sea." There breathes in are emanations from the divine
this work a spirit of true wisdom, spirit. The truth which God has ed tiddly-winks."
that the Jews are different front
"Why?" I asked.
placid piety and profound morality. revealed must be in harmony with
other peoples. Part of it is a re-
"Mamma says it's a bad game,'1 ligious matter and consequently
Maimonides admitted philosophy that which lies in human reason
into his religious code, made it feel as a divine gift; similarly, all he explained. Later I learned from very deep seated and emotional, yet
perfectly at home therein, and, as truths which are the result of the boy's sister that tiddly-winks the leaders of the anti-Semitic cru-
it were, assigned Aristotle a place higher thinking must be found in was used extensively for gambling sade in Germany seek to abolish
alongside of the teachers of the the revelation, that is in Judaism. in the small Scandinavian province Christianity as well as Judaism.
from which their parents came,
Talmud. A large portion of the
It is fortunate that in the United
Maimonides takes Aristotle's and the old people, naturally
first book (Sefer ha-Madda) is
view of the universe as the basis enough, did not want the children States leading Christians and lead-
philosophic in character.
ing
Jews have embarked on a pro-
of his philosophy, and after a dis- to develop the gambling habit
gram o get rid of antagonisms in
The purpose of his work was to
cussion of the Aristotelian system
simplify the knowledge of Judaism he develops his own views upon Tiddly-winks to them was like po- this country, The National Confer.
in its entirety, Biblical and Tal- questions that concern man more ker or faro to Americans.
ence of Jews and Christiana is or-
That was my first experience ganized "for justice, amity
mudic, which were one to him. He intimately. Inasmuch as God is
and un-
aimed at minimizing the prolixity perfect goodness, all that comes with a difference between racial derstanding among Protestants,
and obscurity that, owing to the from Him as absolutely good; and cultures. It had no unfavorable ef- Catholics and Jews.' After some
Talmudic idiom rendered the study inasmuch as God created the uni- fect on me, I think, because my par- experience it has reached three im-
of the Talmud so difficult; to bring verse, it follows that the universe ents had no great.prejudice toward portant conclusions:
order out of the chaos. The rabbi can be nothing else than good. The any race or nation. Foreign pe-
(1) That it is possible to educate
who is called upon to decide religious evil that exists in the world must culiarities might amuse them, but for brotherhood and justice as ef-
did not anger them.
f ectively as for war and oppression.
and judicial questions of everyday! be regarded not as created by God
Unhappily,
many
instances
of
life; the pious man who wishes to but merely as the absence of gbod-
(2) That the people of America
satisfy his religious duty of know- ness and perfection when the cor- contact between people of different can become as enthusiastic in con-
ing the law; the student who de- poreal elements is incapable of heritage and different tuditions re- structive and co-operative enter-
sires to acquire a knowledge of the sharing in the good and the divine. sult in the development of prejudice prises as in destructive and divisive
Talmud will no longer need wade God did by no means create evil, on both sides. Most persons are clan hostilities.
through endless discussions, but but evil results from the nature of conservative; they feel that the
(3) That interest in amity, jus-
will find all legal conclusions pre- gross matter which is necessarily
tice and goodwill is not confined to
pared and ready for them in the imperfect, and as such, can receive
any one part of the country or to
Mishnah Torah. He states almost goodness and blessings only imper-
cities either large or small—it is
explicitly that while his work is fectly. This evil, however, may be
universal in the land.
not to do away with the Talmud, it overcome. In the soul of man, who
There is plenty of prejudice in
is to supersede it. For this reason is superior to every other being,
every country—and it is not con-
he wrote his work in the easily in- composed of gross matter and a
fined to matters of race or religion.
telligible neo-Hebrew dialect so as higher form, God has placed the
It, of course, is a dead waste. Noth-
to make it accessible to every one, capacity and the desire for knowl-
ing worth while ever came from it
and in this way, to spread a knowl- edge. If the soul follow this in-
or will ever come from it. Now
edge of the law and of Judaism in nate desire, then the all-ruling di-
especially, is a time for co-opera-
general.
tive effort. The program of the
vine reason expressly created for
National Conference of Jews and
Maimonides' medical practice! that purpose ("active reason")
Christians not only should allay the
was very limited for many years; it will come to meet it, in order to
religious
prejudice of Americans
was only after more than 20 years' open for it the course of the divine
but should also create the emotion-
residence in Egypt that he gained spirit, that will enable it to per-
al framework for allaying all types
professional entrance in the court ceive the nature of the universe
of prejudice in our nation.
of Saladin. Maimonides, it is true, and God's influence upon it, and to
was not Saladin'a physician in or- lead a life in accordance with that
knowledge.
In
this
way
man
is
dinary because the latter, engaged
in continuous wars with the fol- able to raise himself to the higher
lowers of Nur ed-Din and with grade of the angle and to over-
the Christians, did not visit his come the limitations of his mater-
David Hesehel, Chassidic Rabbi
capital for a long time; but the ial body. Through this rise to a
of Nagy Kallo, Hungary, is in
favor bestowed upon him by Al- higher sphere of thought and moral
Detroit for a brief stay.
Fadel, the noble vizier of a noble purity, man can make of himself
Rabbi Heschel, looked upon as
sultan, was tantamount to a dis- • spiritual being, acquire immor-
a "Tzadik" by his followers, may
tinction conferred by the king. tality of spirit, and become at one
he seen at 629 Leicester Court by
Stimulated by his example, the with the all-ruling spirit of the
those who wish to consult him.
Psolovosa
rsesr
other nobles who lived in Cairo univerie. The possibility of at-
also pattonized Maimonides, and taining the highest degree is given Henry Roth, the young Jewish
Sir Walter Scott, the immortal
his time was sob usily engaged that to man with his free will. More- author, whom first novel, CALL IT
English novelist, modeled his char-
over through an ideal life, by con- SLEEP, is a striking picture of
he had to neglect his studies.
acter
"Rebecca" in "Ivanhoe" af-
As a medical writer also, Mai-. stantly devoting his thoughts and Jewish life in New York City. The
ter Rebecca Gratz, ipember of a
monides was famous. The famous I his acts to God, may be able to book has been acclaimed by critics
Jewish
family living in Philadel-
as a "peat novel" and "a classic
Mohammedan physician and then- cultivate within himself the capac-
phia. The novelist learned of Miss
portrait." It is published lar
logician Abd al-Latif, of Bagdad, ity of prophecy. Of course, to the
Gratz
through
Washington Irving,
Robert 0. Balm
who stood high in the favor of attainment of prophecy two ele-
who was an intimate friend of her
Saladin, visited Cairo for the pus- ments are necessary: intensity of
family.
pose of making the personal ac- the imagination on the part of man,
quaintance of three men, one of and the outpouring of the divine
whom was Musa ibn Maimuni. The spirit on the part of God. But
poet and each (judge) Al-Said ibn; inasmuch as a vivid powerful
Surat al-Mulk, extolled Maimoni- imagination is the main requisite
des' greatness as a physician in of prophecy, prophecy can unfold
fanciful verses. His fame was so itself solely when the disturbing
great that Richard Coeur de Lion, activities are relaxed, and the mind
of ,ngland, the very soul of the is free to give itself up entirely to
third crusade, wished to appoint the influences from above. The
him his physician in ordinary. prophets prophesied always in a
sort of dream. However, all the
Maimonides declined this offer.
Maimonides used his influence account given in the Scriptures of
for the benefit of his co-religionists, the actions and the conduct of the
and it was due to his exertions that prophets while they were in a state
the persecutions of the Jews at of ecstasy are not to be regarded
'emen were terminated: When as actual facts, but merely as inner
Saladin wrested Jerusalem from physical experiences, as visions of
the hands of the Christians who the imaginations. Then, too, there
had possessed it for nearly a cen- are various degrees of prophecy in
fury (Oct. 1187) he granted per- proportion to the greater or lesser
mission to the Jews, probably at capacity requisite for it. In this
the request of Maimonides, to set- way, many miraculous narratives
the sons streamed from all sides of the Bible cease to appear nu-
to their forsaken mother." Malmon- pernatural and striking and the
ides exerted himself also to obtain manner of speech of the prophets
for his co-religionists special privi-I is thereby explicable. The accep-
GATEWAY TO COUNCIL CAMP AT JEDDO
eges not enjoyed by the Karaites, tance of miracles is not opposed to
Although various groups plan , Lenihan, whose forte is water-
and to supplant the latter gradually possibility. The same Creator who
in
to
hold
gatherings
and reunions' sport.; Shirley Rosenthal, an ex-
ordained
the
laws
of
nature
can
their favorable position at court
so that some of them returned to gusts suspend them in part though at Council Camp during the sea- , Dm . at handicraft and Mrs. Syl-
son,
business
girls
and
young wo- 1 -,-
rabbinic Judaism—an achievement only temporarily so that order may
that wag regarded as a highly , be restored immediately. The wat- men and junior girls from 15 to -ia Rosenshine, who teaches ten
17
years
of
age,
are
always
In nis and land sports.
meritorious act in his day, era of the Nile were transformed
The greater the recognition the I Into blood only for a short while, attendance. Council Camp, spon-
A new, flat-bottomed boat has
sored
by
the
Detroit
Section
of
been added to the Council Camp
extraordinary personality of Mai-I the Red Sea divided only for a
monides gained for himself the few hours. Still, the number of the National Council of Jewish equipment and many books have
more determined were his detrac- Biblical miracles is to be limited. Women, directs all activities to ' been added to the library shelves.
tors, with Samuel ibn Ali, of Bag- As a general thing. miracles are suit the interests and preferences ,
Council Camp is located at Jed-
the employed young woman
dad, at their head to belittle him.1 not the means by which the state-
fort
They . embraced every conceivable ments of the prophets are to be and students. do, Mich., 14 miles north of Pe
Huron.
The thoroughly mode rn
Many old friends will be on
occasion to insinuate that Mai- verified; such verification is rather
bku nilodliing:,onipmearnc dhed. to,rnoada
monides Ina not • strictly religious attested to by the contents of their hand to greet Council Campers
w
raom od p ed
Jew and not • loyal adherent of , prophecies and by their fulfillment on July 1, opening day. Nurse
the Talmud, and secretly spread Miracles do not at all prove the Audrey Touhey, Cook Cunning- view of Lake Huron, a quarter
ham and Nutrionist Irma Roemer of • mile of sandy beach at the
all sorts of calumnies against him, truths of the Prophet'.
will bid seasoned campers wet . shore-line.
and when the seed scattered by
Registration for Council Camp
A rabbinical law of yesterday come and initiate newcomers in-
Maimonides began to yield prema-
ture fruit, Samuel ben Ali and his prohibits a Jew from eating an egg to the happy, healthy out-door for the season through Labor
associate s took advantage of the on the Sabbath until after the routine.
Day, a month, a week, or a week-
Mrs. Minna Sobol, director of end may be made at the Council
phenomenon to disparage him in feast. This curious law, is,* elan-
t he eyes of his contemporaries.
dosed, was based on the fact that Council Camp, announces the fol- Clubhouse, 89 Rowena St, or the
Despite his friction with the it is labor for a hen to lay an egg lowing counsellors as her assist- , Jewish Community Center, Wood-
ants for the season: , ward and Holbrook Aver. Rates
s Party of Samuel ben All and his and all labor is forbidden to both
Elsie Greenbaum, who special- are $11 per week, $3.50 per
trenuous activities as • physician men and animals (fowls included)
that hardly left him any leisure on Sabbath and other feasts, ex- ises in dramatics and is an ac-, week-end. Bus service is available
for study, Maimonides completed cept in the execution of • celebra- credited senior life-saver; Minnie 1 at a low cost.

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