ki ai
al
t
HE 3erRO nr/will fI RO1N1CLB
l 51 .4
ern
s
"6-0'6-6 , ' ''6 '6 ' 1 '
FIEVEIROITIEWI
v . RON IDLE
Published Weekly by The Jaritth Ch maid. Publishing Co., Inc.
Littered as Second.elam matter M i Lech 3, 1911, at the Post-
office at Detroit, Mich.. under th e Act of Werth 3, 1575.
General Offices and Publication Building
525 Woodward Avenue
Telephone Cadillac 1040 Cable Address: Chronicle
Leaden Office
14 Stratford Place, London, W. I, England
moo
Subscription, in Advance..
Per Year
To Incur. publication, all correapondence and news matter
must reach this office by Toted ty evening of each amk.
When wading notices. kindly use one tilde of the paper only.
The Detroit Jevish Chronicle In•I tee correspondence on sub-
jects of Interest to the Jewish people, but disclaims responsi.
kit), for an Indorsement of the flews exprimed
or the writer.
Sabbath Readings of the Torah.
Pentateuchal portion—Dent. 1:1-3:22,
Prophetical portion—Is. 1:1.27.
Tisk& b'Ab Readings of the Law, Thursday, July 23.
Pentateuchal portion—Morning, Deut. 4 :25-40;
afternoon, Ex. 32:11.14; 34:1-10.
Prophetical portion—Morning, Jer. 8:13-9:23;
afternoon, Is. 65:6-56:8,
July 17, 1931
Ab 3, 5691
~~~~
Economic Possibilit ies in Palestine.
Regardless of the o her results of the
World Zionist Congres s, which just con-
eluded its sessions in Basle, Switzerland,
the decision to sponsor private and semi-
private organizations f or the economic de-
velopment of Palestine is of supreme inv-
portance to the movem ent and to the cause
of a rebuilt Jewish Nat ional Home.
To be able fully to appreciate the im-
portance of the step tak en by the Congress,
one must read the highly interesting
pamphlet, "A Progran for the Accelera-
tion of the Absorptive Capacity of Pales-
tine" by Israel Benjami n Brodie, New York
attorney, who is the ch airman of the corn-
mittee of the Zionis t Organization of
America in charge of s chemes for the eco-
nomic development of Palestine and who
was the sponsor of the resolution adopted
by the Congress. This article recently also
appeared in the New Palestine as a pre-
sentation of the econo rnic program of the
American Zionist admi nistration.
Mr. Brodie's plan, now serving as the
basis for the internati anal Zionist scheme
for the economic devel ipment of Palestine,
is interesting and impo rtant from the point
of view of the facts a id figures it reveals
and for the proposals i t makes. The mere
revelation that out of the $225,000,000 of
Jewish capital sent to Palestine during the
first decade following the war $192,000,-
000 was privately inve ited with only $33,-
000,000 subscribed by Zionist public funds,
is an argument for th e encouragement of
economic schemes thr ough private initia-
tive. It was one of the . serious mistakes of
the past few years th at such investments
were not encouraged, particularly in view
of the fact that the re urns on investments
made have been profit able.
It is impossible, in the space available
for the purpose, to do justice to Mr. Brod-
ie's views as contained in his brochure. His
analyses of the vario us economic enter-
prises now successfully ' functioning in Pal-
estine are valuable co ntributions to Zion-
ism. Certainly the a 'option of the plan
as proposed by the A
A merican delegation
is one of the most im portant steps taken
by the Zionist Congre. s3.
The only questions t hat arise as a result
of the adoption of thi I program are those
with reference to the attitude of the mass
of the Jewish people. What will be the
response? Will Jews listen to reason and
invest their money in Palestinian projects
in view of the profits ble returns they are
certain to brine 0 r will Jews ignore
these appeals and will our people look sus-
piciously on these proj ects?
These questions mu tt not be minimized
and unless they are to (en seriously the en-
tire movement will su Ter. As a result of
several failures, Jews have of late shown
a lack of confidence i n Zionist headquar-
ters. These suspicion 3 and lack of faith
must be overcute in every possible man-
ner. A spirit of con idence must be in-
spired to encourage co -operation anti a re-
newal of faith. Witho it these the adopted
program will be morel y another resolution
piled up on a scrap he ap of papers that is
already too high.
Red-Letter Day in Jewish History.
Tisha b'Ab, to be co mmemorated again
next Thursday, has be en a red-letter day
in Jewish history, som e r of the greatest of
Israel's tragedies havir ig occurred on this
day. The First and Second Temples at
Jerusalem were destroy ed on this day, rob-
bing our people of horn eland and religious
sanctuary. The expulsi on of the Jews from
Spain occurred on th it day. Curiously
enough, the World Wa r, which brought so
much misery to the Je wish people, broke
out on Tisha b'Ab of 19 14. On this day the
revolt led by Simon Bar Kochba broke out
against Rome in the ye sr 130 of the pres-
ent era.
This Jewish red-lette r day was not al-
together one of sorrow and mourning. For
it was on Tisha b'Ab of 1882 that the Jews
once more turned eastw and to their home-
land, Palestine, with the . idea of rebuilding
and re-establishing the it land. On that
day a number of Russia 1-Jewish university
students, under the lea lership of the late
Israel Belkin, then a s udent at the Uni-
versity of Charkow, ban led together in the
society "Bilu," the nary le of which is de-
rived from the Hebrew f ords "Beth Yaakov
Lechu ve-Nelcho" ("Hot use of Jacob, let us
,
go forth"), for the purpose of Palestinian
colonization. The result was the founding
of the first Zionist colony, which has served
as the foundation and stepping stone for
more than 115 additional colonies estab-
lished in the last 49 years.
The new spirit is for reconstruction
where ruin previously ruled the day. It is
translated in the aspiration which calls for
the upbuilding of Zion by the present gen-
eration, and has appropriately been de-
scribed in the following beautiful poem for
Tisha b'Ab by the well-known poetess,
Miss Jessie Sampter:
We had a glorious temple,
Where priests in shining white,
Went up and down the marble stairs,
And sang by clay and night;
They sang the psalms together,
And played on harps and lyres,
And we stood round and answered them,
And watched the altar fires.
And that is why we always pray:
"Rebuild it soon, and in our clay!"
Our Temple walls are shattered.
Our singing priests are dead—
Their shining robes of holy white,
Were stained a fearful red.
Now their remembering people,
Are driven far and wide;
We chant the psalms without the lyres,
Our hope has never died,
And that is why we always pray:
"Rebuild it soon and in our day!"
"Oh speedily rebuild it!"
1 hear my father say:
"We've prayed that prayer two thousand
years,
And still our children pray;
Through every generation,
In every land and clime ;"
But if the day is sure to come,
May this be not the time?
And that is why we always pray:
"Rebuild it soon, and in our day!"
.
Our Rabbis and Spiritual Hunger.
Dr. Israel Herbert Levinthal, president
fo the Rabbinical Assembly of America,
in his presidential address read at the Con-
servative Rabbis' convention in Long
Branch, N. J., made the following signifi-
cant statement to point to the spiritual de-
pression being worse than the economic
crisis:
There is no gainsaying the fact that these
are trying days in which we live. Not only
is there a depression in the economic field,
but what is even worse the depression has
overtaken our spiritual interests in life. What
the ancient sages tell us had happened in the
(lays of Ruth, when, according to the Bible
"there was a hunger in the land," "that it was
a two-fold hunger—a hunger of bread and
also a hunger in Torah" (Yalkut Shemoni),
—is happening also in our day. But that
is contrary to the regular trend in Jewish ex-
perience. Even though they °Mimes faced
the "Ra'a'ven Shel Lechem," the hunger in
bread, they never permitted that hunger to
touch their souls, and the Torah never knew
depression in the life of Israel. From this
assembly there must go forth the ringing chal-
lenge to American Israel: Let not the spirit of
depression overwhelm us in our spiritual life.
When these years of leanness shall pass and
the years of plenty shall be with us again, men
and women will easily forget the pangs of
today in the joys of the new day. But, if we
experience a depression in our spiritual life,
then, even if better days shall come, it will be
too late to undo the evil, for the spiritual de-
pression will already have done its deadly
work.
In spite of this solemn declaration, how-
ever, we are informed in the Jewish Tele-
graphic Agency report of this convention's
proceedings that "the majority of the rab-
bis expressed the opinion that a minimum
of Jewish education must satisfy the av-
erage Jewish child in America and that the
emphasis must be on ethics and religion
rather than on the Hebrew language."
It is needless to say that such views, com-
ing from that group which claims to be
trodding the middle path between Reform
and Orthodoxy, will arouse amazement
and surprise. Having claimed a position of
leadership in the circles of the Ilebraists,
such an about-face in the attitude of Con-
servative rabbis on the question of Hebrew
education can't possibly meet with much
encouragement in the ranks of Conserva-
tive laymen.
It is generally accepted as a rule that
when a minimum of the thing desired is
aspired for, a bit less than the minimum
will be achieved, and that when a maxi-
mum is asked for, the minimum is certain
to be acquired. To be satisfied therefore
at the outset with a minimum of Jewish ed-
ucation means to encourage the state of
spiritual depression from which the Amer-
ican Jewish community suffers today.
The Jewish Telegraphic Agency,
through its special correspondent in War-
saw, reveals that the Jews, who number 10
per cent of the population of Poland, pay
40 per cent of the direct Polish taxes and
are receiving only 200,000 zlotys, instead
of the 3,000,000 they are entitled to, from
the government's religious budget. Here
is a glaring example of taxation without
rights and justified representation.
Palestine now has 258 lawyers, Jerusa-
lem leading with 83 and Tel Aviv following
with 53. Anyway, too many lawyers are
not nearly as dangerous as too many laws.
4.44:11M%TATA:.r-4Wc.-44:4WRIA:•>,.
"' `e," "
'
iyklymyisloyksmmtsViektftyfttlyktc(tin l•
'
rwv
BY•THE•WAY
ish Personalities.
MR. MENCKEN "ENJOYS"
HIMSELF
Our good Baltimore friend, Mr.
Mencken, is having a good time.
Ile has gotten out a card, which he
is circulating widely among his
friends. Mencken is the author of
the card, but the card purports to
be that of a Rev. I. Mandolowitz.
A business card for the reverend
gent. On it appears: "Rev. I. Man-
dolowitz, Sanitary Mohel, Schad-
ch•n and Schoechet—Day and
Night Service. Sewing Machines
Neatly Repaired."
Beneath this inscription is:
"Agent for the Celebrated Beth
Boron Vineyards of Adummin,
Palestine
Ritual
Wines
and
Liquors for All Occasions."
Beneath this second line: "Rents
Collected, Funerals Conducted.
Low Wedding Fees."
And so on—you get the general
idea.
STRANGERS MAY KISS
It's a strange thing about this
Mr. Mencken. He can say most
anything about the Jews, and you
simply can't get angry about it.
One can no more get excited
about these things from Mencken
than if they had come from Ben
Hecht. Just let us assume for a
moment that some noieJew had
said some of the things Mr. Hecht
recently said in his opus: "Jews
Without Love." I daresay, the
American Jewish Congress would
have issued a broadside against
him. But Mr. Hecht says it—a
Jew says it and there's not a mur-
mur. Strangers may kiss, as the
movie caption has it, but they can-
not curse. But friends may curse
all they want. And I suppose,
the fact that we do not even get
offended at this raillery of Mr.
Mencken is that we know that
down deep in his heart he is in-
capable of prejudice.
PUBLICITY PRINCE PASSES
The king of the ballyhoo—Harry
Reichenbach—is dead. Some may
question the ethics of the profes-
sion of publicity, of which craft
Reichenbach was easily the fore-
most practitioner. But this mon-
arch of the realms of publicity
certainly contributed to spice up
life—and the keeper of the Celes-
tial Gates, I am inclined to think,
will wink his eyes at a lot of things
when he sees a fellow like that
coming along.
I imagine that up there they
have a longer list of virtues for
which they give you credit than
down here. If you have, say,
pepped things up a bit, for a some-
times boresome world, I shouldn't
be surprised if the Celestian book-
keeper properly credits you. There
is a Stidrash, I am told, that up in
the other world, some one asked
Elijah who would inherit eternal
life. And Elijah pointed to an
undistinguished, obscure chap.
"Ile cheered his neighbors." That
was virtue enough.
SINS OF PUBLICITY
I know the sins of publicity.
You recall the story of the pub-
licity writer in the movies, who
described the new movie as en-
trancing. The director looked at
the copy. "Entrancing? Is that
all you can say for it. Why, that
almost looks like a knock."
That is one of the sins of the
publicity man. Exaggeration—
feeding the public on a diet of im-
possible superlatives.
Of this sin, Reichenbach was
largely free. He sought not so
much to impress, but to interest
you. When he registered a lion at
one of the hotels, along with a
man, T. R. Zann, he knew quite
well that in a (lay or two the truth
would be out. There was no per-
manent misrepresentation. He
was there merely to excite the
public interest.
—4—
SONS OF THE FATHERS
When Hendrik Van Loon, the
writer, learned that his son had
gone in for professional interpre-
tative dancing, he said: "If Otto
Kahn can let his boy, Roger, direct
an orchestra and cavort about in
airplanes, why can't my son be-
come a professional dancer?
Young Kahn is not the only son
of wealthy Jewish parents who
apparently is not following in the
financial paths of their fathers.
One of Mr. Warburg's sons is, I
believe, a 'cellist of considerable
promise. Also one of the late
Louis Marshall's sons is a forester
and botanist.
UNDERPAID CHECKER
PLAYERS
c rt
■■
Tidbits and News of Jew-
By DAVID SCHWARTZ
usiet st)ess‘t..*: 748).41 ,)rts, ss''''rsts
0
u 11
1(0
t4,4A)
AGRONSKY FINDS SALONIKI JEWISH
QUARTER AFTER POGROM LOOKS
LIKE HEBRON FOLLOWING RIOTS
Charles f. Joseph
,
rabbis are on record as favoring
T HE birth Reform
control in a modified way. The other day
the Orthodox rabbis holding a convention in New
York declared that birth control was contrary to
the Jewish law and the natural law and the law of
God; and went on to say that Judaism not only
sanctions but sanctifies marriage. Now all this
interests me very much because it is an example of
Jewish fundamentalism, with all its narrow and
intolerant and dogmatic implications. We find
the same thing among the Orthodox Protestant and
the Orthodox Catholic. They insist upon certain
beliefs and certain attitudes toward life that are
obnoxious to their own liberals and in high disfavor
with those of other religious groups. So we have
our Orthodox group with one grand sweeping ges-
ture, making a statement like this, "Judaism not
only sanctions marriage but sanctities it."
that sort of vague generality apart
N OW and let's see take
what makes the wheels go around. I
am given to understand that an imbecile should
have children; I am given to understand that one
afflicted with tuberculosis should have children; I
am given to understand that if wives are so eco-
nomically distressed and so physically weak that
life is just one more long misery, that it is con-
trary to the Jewish law, the law of man and the
law of God, to do anything to prevent such wives
from having many children. If, as we did find, in
many large industrial groups, children born whose
parents are unable to supply them with necessities
of life and they are permitted to grow up handi-
capped physically and mentally, that anything (lone
to avoid such a situation is contrary to the law of
God and of man and of Judaism. I could go on
without limit citing thousands of cases where it is a
CRIME AGAINST GOD and HUMANITY for chil-
dren to be brought into the world and left INHU-
MANLY to grope through life pitiful wrecks. But
THAT is all right, gentlemen of the Jewish, and
the Catholic and the Protestant religions. To me it
merely indicated that we have a long way to go
before we are able to INTELLIGENTLY INTER-
PRET the LAW of God.
READ the other (lay where the rich men don't
I give
so much. That is, many rich men. There
are a handful who to nobly. But in the main most
of them sacrifice nothing to enhance the welfare of
society. They give apparently large sums during
their lifetime and talk about how much they do,
and then when they die it is discovered that their
wills leave MILLIONS and MILLIONS untouched.
I find statements that the wealthy will not dip
into their capital funds to give to relief. That, of
course, would mean some sacrifice, not enough to
hurt. But the man who lives on a wage or a man
ill the professions whose income depends SOLELY
upon what he makes from DAY to DAY, he should
take it out of WHAT? Out of earnings? But if
he gets sick or loses his job, or for some reason or
other he can't carry on, then his CAPITAL is gone.
Of course that's labor, not capital. But by what-
ever name we call it, it means that he is expected
to give from what he HAS and WHAT HE EARNS
until it HURTS. The writer in question said that
he hasn't found men of great wealth who have ever
even scratched themselves, let alone hurting them-
selves by their giving. Judge Mack said the other
day to the Zionist Congress that the rich American
Jews have been badly hurt through stock crashes
and bank failures. That's true enough, but the man
in average circumstances is hurt nearly alt the
time.
AS A COLUMNIST I am very much interested in
a letter which Rabbi Schanfarber of Chicago
writes to the American Israelite. One of the lead-
ing Jewish columnists is Rabbi Louis Newman. It
seems that Rabbi Newman has been particularly
severe on Reform Judaism and Reform rabbis.
Rabbi Schanfarber takes the position that when
the American Israelite publishes these attacks on
Reform Judaism written by Dr. Newman, that it
gives the impression of agreeing with his views.
This opens a very interesting discussion. Should
a newspaper permit a columnist to contribute
articles that are directly opposed to the policy of
the paper? For examle, I am not a Zionist. What
should be the attitude of those newspapers that pub-
lish Random Thoughts and which are in sympathy
with the Zionist program?
I AGREE with the editor o f the Israelite that he
should not start a controversy in his paper with
his regular contributors, but that he should con-
tinue to advocate the principles for which the paper
stands. But I wonder whether the Nation, a great
liberal weekly that prides itself on its liberalism
and its tolerance, would permit a reactionary col-
umnist to find a place for his material in that
journal? Conservative papers are expected to
open their columns to liberal writers, but it is rare
that a liberal paper will offer space regularly to a
reactionary. That again is something to think
about. Generally speaking, I believe that a colum-
nist should express himself freely on the subjects
he chooses to discuss, yet at the same time he
should have some regard for the sensibilities of
the mediums to which he contributes, whose poli-
cies may be contrary to his. In other words, there
is no need for vindictive attacks, but rather an
effort to present fairly the issues.
HERE'S something interesting. Mr. Alfred Segal,
a Cincinnati Jewish journalist, makes an issue
of the discharge of 20 women working in the offices
of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations.
He says, "If the Union of American Hebrew Con-
gregations were a pants factory it might be said,
'Well, business is business. Making and selling
pants is no philanthropy. Since there is no profit
in pants we have to cut down the payroll.' " But
the Union (says Mr. Segal) has to do with the
essence of Judaism, with the righteousness of the
prophets, with the ethics of the saints, with all the
social experience that is of the long life of the Jew.
So he feels that if the Union can't pay it individuals
should raise a fund of $15,000, the total annual
payroll of these workers, and keep their jobs for
them.
A novel form of picketing was
to be sighted the other day at
Coney Island. Near the board-
walk appeared a man carrying a
sign: "Strike. Please take notice
on your honor to the checker play-
ers behind the stands who want to
make a living. You broke your
agreement."
Soon, if this keeps up, we shall
have an Amalgamated Union of
OW what shall we say concerning such a ques-
Checker and Chess Players, ■
branch of the American Federa-
tion? Should a religious organization depen-
tion of Labor. And a very large dent upon its membership maintain a payroll that
number of the laboring checkering it cannot meet? Is there a greater obligation rest-
players will be Jews.
ing upon a congregation to maintain, let us say,
The professional checker and the salary of its rabbi, than for a business to main-
chess player doesn't live off the tain its payroll level? I have read of congrega-
cream of the land even in pros- tions that haven't paid their rabbis for months.
perous times, and now in these While it is true that the Union of American Hebrew
days of depression the only check
Congregations is not • pants factory, yet we can-
they get is on the board.
not lose sight of the fact that in employing office
—f—
help it must deal PRACTICALLY with ECONOMIC
CANNOT CAPITALIZE CHESS
t.
These checker players get 10 p on ons. If the big-hearted members who have
lenty of money want to conduct the business of
cents a game—that is, if they win
from you. The chess player is a s he Union on the highest possible ethical basis they
hould
increase their contributions. Or a plan
little higher priced—he gets 25 ,
hould be worked out whereby women should not
cents, but actually the checker b
s
thrown
out of employment. But in the present
player often makes more money. c
ircumstances big business and little business have
for the chess battle manifestly
hown
themselves
inefficient in stabilizing working
takes more time.
It is usually said that the reason o onditions. In other words, some of our captains
f
industry
have
turned
out to be corporals. They
that Jews have not made any no- h eve
lacked vision and understanding in dealing
table showing in baseball is that w
ith
social
problems.
The
Union controlled by
baseball does not offer the large b
usiness men is no different. As in their own busi-
financial opportunities such as n
esses no in the Union's business. But Mr. Segal's
entimental plea is praiseworthy and I hope the
(Turn to Next Page.)
.omen get their jobs back,
N
Editor's Note.—A situation strongly reminiscent of that in Hebron
after the Palestine riots of 1929 is how Gershon Agronsky, resident
correspondent in Palestine of the Jewish Telegraphic Agency, charac.
terizes the plight of the Jews of Saloniki's poorest Jewish quarter as
the aftermath of the pogrom of June 29. Mr. Agronsky, who has
been in Basle covering the Zionist Congress, was hastily dispatch e d to
Saloniki to make a first hand survey of conditions there. His graphic
picture of what he saw and of the suffering of the Saloniki Jews is
given below in a special cable to the Jewish Telegraphic Agency,
By GERSON AGRONSKY
SALONIKI, July 7.—What my
eyes have seen in the devastated
Campbell section (poorest Jewish
quarter razed by fire on June 29),
where .soldiers have been busy in
the last few days clearing away
wreckage and nailing up doors and
windows of deserted homes, was
powerfully reminiscent of Hebron
in 1929.
Even approach to the Jewish
quarter, as forbidding as Hebron
after the riots, and permission to
inspect the ruins, was refused me
until I armed myself with a pass
from the governor himself. Of
the spacious synagogue only a
charred brick frame remains, and
miraculously, too, the vast wooden
Aron Kodesh, which sustained no
damage greater than discoloration
from flames and smoke. But the
Aron Kodesh itself is empty, van-
dals having removed and dese-
crated the Serer Torahs whose
shredded and defined remains are
deposited with the chief rabbi.
Here and there, clambering over
the burned floors, I found, and
showed to two armed officers who
constituted my escort, bottles
which contained kerosene and
benzine with which the fire was
started when 2,000 rioters swooped
down on 200 defenseless Jewish
families whom they surrounded
and imprisoned.
How it happened that none of
the Jews were burned alive is a
mystery explanable perhaps by the
fact that many of the residents of
the Campbell quarters are war vet-
erans, and although possessing no
weapons more potent than sticks,
knew how to beat off the well-
armed enemy threatening the lives
of their wives and children.
Destruction Thorough,
The Bicur Cholim clinic might
easily have been the Hadassah
clinic in Hebron. So thorough was
the destruction that it is not sur-
prising that after a night of ter-
ror the pharmacist in charge be-
came almost deranged. Like the
Iladassah clinic in llebron, this
Bikur Cholim clinic ministered to
the entire suburban neighborhood,
including the Calamaria quarter,
whence the attackers came and
where thus far only five have been
arrested.
Complete thoroughness marked
the destruction of the school house
on the walls of which election pla-
cards in Judea-Spanish remain
with a photograph of a Venizelist
candidate, for the Saloniki Jews
are good Venizelists. It is true
that only 11 barracks were burned
but it is equally true that not one
house remains intact for what the
flames did not encompass the
hooligans managed to smash.
Within 50 yards of the burned
synagogue is a bakery belonging to
two Christians. The only one in
the Jewish quarter to whom I
spoke was the partner of Leonides
Papas, one of the owners of the
bakery, who was fatally wounded
by a bullet. Papas' partner was
puzzled, for the Jews of the Camp-
bell quarter were his and his late
partner's friends. Why, then,
was the quarter invaded and why
should Papas have lost his life, he
wanted to know. The answer is
because he refused to join the in-
vaders against his customers and
friends.
Pogrom Unleashed.
From what I have seen in the
Campbell quarter, I am forced to
the conclusion that there was a
pogrom with all the passions and
fury unleashed behind it. But if
mercifully the Greek hooligans did
not achieve a wholesale carnage it
is not because the spirit was not
there but because the flesh was
weaker, for, alter all, Greeks are
not Arabs and Saloniki Jews are
not Hebron rabbinical students.
Beds on the pulpit of the Beth
Shaul Synagogue—the only Jew-
ish sanctuary surviving the June
29 fire—beds instead of pews,
which were removed; cooking
utensils instead of praying shawls
and phylacteries, the wail of the
homeless and of children instead
of the orderly Sephardic chanting
—these are the sights and sounds
that greet the,visitor to the house
of prayer where 50 families from
the Campbell quarter fled, and
where perhaps for the first time
since the synagogue was built in
1896 no services were held Sat-
urday because of the refugees.
But the privations of congestion
pale when the refugees one after
another begin unfolding the fright.
ful story of the night of terror of
last Monday. Bullets lodged in
chairs. Bullets riddled the oil-
cloth on tables. The owner of one
such chair gave the police 27
empty cartridges.
Simeon Revah and his terror-
stricken wife describe the death
of their 2-year-old child, flung on
the floor by the hooligans, Moshe
Alwo shows where a bullet struck
him and tells how he was stunned
by a blow from a club. A war
veteran, one of 5,000 Jewish re-
servists in Saloniki, recounts how
he hurled himself on the ground
with his wife and children crouch-
ing beside him to avoid the hail of
bullets as he watched his house go
up in flames.
;7-
No Work Available.
Dozens of men speaking simul-
taneously say no work is to be had
since the trouble began. Another
declares the police took sticks
from the Jews when the military
were unable to overpower the riot-
ers. Yet another tells of how the
fire-fighting apparatus was delayed
an hour because of a torn-up road.
Three Jews, arrested during the
conflagration and released only
today, assert thew were led man-
acled past a menacing crowd that
pelted them with stones.
A deaf and dumb girl patheti-
cally shows a broken mirror. Wo-
men nursing infants point to a
solitary garment with no other
clothing for change. A Russian
woman, a Seventh Day Adventist,
married to a Caucasian Jew, says
she never knew a pogrom in Rus-
sia and now wants to return
there. Another woman complains
her husband is under arrest be-
cause three knives were found
near him, left there, she has no
doubt, by the invaders. A horror-
stricken mother recalls that her
baby was placed in a trunk with
the intention of abandoning it to
the flames, but happily it was dis-
covered in time.
Everywhere in the synagogue
and the school of the Alliance Is-
raelite there are subdued voices
and lowered eyes over the viola-
tion of four or five women whose
men folks were beaten senseless,
facts with which mercifully only
the rabbinate is entrusted.
"No Campbell" was the chorus
of replies to my question whether
the refugees would return whence
they came. "You see, it is the
front where the enemy was more
brutal than I have ever seen," a
Jewish veteran of the Greek No-
tionalist army explains.
;4-
LESSONS IN HEBREW
By MAX BROD
Full SO years had passed ere I began
'fo learn the ancient language of my
people.
It seemed, for SO years I had been dam!.
And now. so luny restrained,
three
mighty Pounds
Shattered tny ear, as lightning shatters
clouds.
Sounda which might once have been
-)
DO'
And blessed the growing boy and his
first love.
And given hope and courage tn the man.
Too late the lullaby—now strident and
harsh.
No. m though angered by the long deltas'.
It was like lightning and the echoing
thunder.
M•king • huge confusion. Yet I bowed
My head with pleasure, ri one listens oft
an ass re mother. Out of all this
wrath
Wide deserts rose, and throng. of fugi-
tives,
And 'pies, and long•forgotten blare of
trumpets,
And the •nclent call of God on Sinai
—Translated from the German by C. W.
These, In the American Hebrew.
The mile is long to him who is
tired.
Never follow on the heels of a
sorrow or it may turn back.
Doing nothing is doing
VIEWS OF LEADING JEWS 1
RABBI
is anxiou
s FERDINAND M. ISSERMAN, St. Louis: "The mother who
to do justice to her child will make herself the master of
the knowledge available, in order to encourage the development of the
most wholesome character traits. The mother who fails to do this is
one who is not doing justice to her children and who may
sible for the perpetuation of undesirable character traits.' be respon-
DR. JUDAH L. MAGNES, Chancellor of Hebrew University in
Jerusalem: "There are very few opportunities in Jerusalem for a stu-
dent to pay his way through the university. We have no dormitories
where students can clean rooms, serve as waiters, etc., as in America.
The need for scholarships is very acute in Palestine, probably more so
than anywhere else. The university endeavors to employ students
wherever possible, even as unskilled laborers on buildings in the course
of erection, but such work interferes with their studies and, moreover,
is scarce. Prizes and scholarships are one of the greatest needs of the
university, since so many students of considerable ability lack even
the study
minimum
needs for necessities and suffer serious hardship in order
to
at all."
ssr
t.1
kt•
,1 3
•
•
•
DR. ISRAEL Ii. LEVINTHAL, Rabbi
.4+
and President of Rabbinical Assembl
of Brooklyn Jwish
e
Center
y of merica:
A
"Wit the severe
financial depression that came upon the people of this land, h there
was a
let-up in the organization of new congregations. Many an existing
congregation suddenly found itself within the meshes of financial diffi-
5 .19
culties which it had not anticipated, and the burden of hardship and
suffering fell upon the rabbi. The rabbi, too,
11
alas, is to be found
amongst the great army of America's unemployed. With seminaries
and theological schools graduating large claws, and with the cessation
in the organization of new congre
gations
challenges our immediate attention." ions, a problem is created that
•
•
•
ELIAS TOBENKIN, Journalist:"In fighting
ie
i
in Soviet Russia, the Jew has • strong ally in the factory anti-Semitism
en
;. s
the Soviet government succeeds in imbuing the great mass When
of Slav tt
workmen with industrial discipline, which it is
trying to do, the differ- :f-
ences between the Slav workman and Jewish workman will disappear
and the friction between them will be minimized accordingly,"
'' ''
'
' :MMnatIturszr,A4TA