.1■21.t. ImCMwsmome IIEDLTROIT CWISR itRONICLE wilV Way tyimb i:44 'eat.tYklgtfkig' l 1 Tif-76 VETRorrlEwisnThRoxICL Published Weekly by The Jewish Chronicle Pubilahing Co, Inc. JOSEPH J. CUMMINS JACOB H. SCHAKNE PHILIP SLOMOVITZ MAURICE M. SAFIR Entered a Second-Lto , matter d r President Secretary and Treasurer Managing Editor Advertising Manager e h1 ,;f ISIS, at 3. the at Detroit, General Offices and Publication Building 525 Woodward Avenue Telephone; Cadillac 1040 London Office: Cable Address: Chronicle 14 Stratford Place, London, W. 1, England. Subscrip tion, In Advance 13.00 Per Year To Insure publication, all correspondence and news matter must reach this office by Tuesday evening of each week. When mailing notices, kindly ace one side of the paper only. The Detroit Jewish Chronicle Invitescorrevpondence on subjects of Interest to the Jewish people, but disclaims responsibility for an indorsement of the views expremed by the writer.. I Sabbath Readings of the Torah. Pentateuchal portions—Ex. 27:20-30:10. Prophetical portions—Ezek. 43:10-27 I Adar 12, 5689 February 22, 1929 Unity and Understanding Must Govern Hospital and Center Issues. p p al•MaMZW4 10 The postponement of the planned drives for a Jew- ish hospital and a Jewish Center to house a Y. M. H. A. and Y W. H. A., and the serious disagreements among Detroit Jewish leaders over the most important com- munal problem ever to face our Jewish community, call for calm deliberation and unbiased consideration of our needs. Tlie serious demands that are being made for the building of both these centers, and the insistence with which friends of both movements are determined to impress the needs of these upon the com- munity, speak well for the idealism of the leaders of both movements. Such idealism and public spirit spells an excellent beginning for two great movements to fill two important local needs. In order, however, to make these two movements successful, it is important, above all else, that there be unity of desire as well as unity of action for them, and to create such unity of desire and action should be the first responsibility of the men behind the hospital and center ideas. The situation is very excellently summed up in the leading statements which we publish elsewhere in this issue. The men who play a leading part in the func- tions of the Jewish Welfare Federation of Detroit, in their anxiety to maintain unity in local Jewish ranks, preferred to postpone campaigns for both the hospital and the Jewish Center for the sake of not antagonizing either of the elements. With these postponements, leaving open only the possibility of an independent campaign by enthusiasts for a hospital, there remains, between now and the spring of 1930, when the cam- paigns for both buildings may be launched, one impor- tant task: that of educating Detroit Jews to the needs. During the coming year it will be necessary to dissemi- nate all the knowledge and facts available with refer- ence to the questions of the hospital and center. A sincere study of both- questions, both for and against, will do more for both movements, if the needs are actually as great as many of us believe, than could any other premature effort. The discussions of the past two weeks have already opened the eyes of many in the community to one great need which was taken for granted but the filling of which was evidently delayed because it was taken too much for granted and because there was too little propaganda for it. We refer to the need for a Jewish Center. A number of friends of the hospital movement now express doubt as to the possibility of success of a campaign for a center to the exclusion of provisions for a hospital; and it is certain that friends of the Jewish Center idea would resent a drive for a hospital to the exclusion of an effort for a Y. M.-Y. W. H. A. building. Mr. Butzel's statement, which is one of those published elsewhere in this issue, refers to the manner in which the Center idea was neglected, and it is well that such neglect be avoided in the future in a campaign like the present in which the center-hospital ideas are being so closely interlinked by their respective friends. The issue is clear. We must first have an educa- tional campaign to enlighten the Jewish community on the existing needs. As a result of education we may hope to attain unity. To the ends of attaining both, The Detroit Jewish Chronicle dedicates its columns. The Curse of Publicity. All of which proves that publicity not only has its benefits, but also its curses. Miss Samuel, it will be remembered, came to this country last year with an Oxford University commission to study our educational institutions and methods. Her return this year, for a second visit, had for its purpose another study in which she was seriously interfered with by unpleasant public- ity stunts. If our newspapers were only a trifle less sensational, and a little more human, the unpleasant- ness to which Miss Samuel was subjected could have easily been avoided. oR.9,Q9.0.0 29.Q.K9 s s 9. - - ixizt'/l=T./..VtktrVVtf:zztttz:tktix*U+xt A Unanimous Vote for the J. D. C. In response to Mr. David A. Brown's questionnaire, mailed to 100,000 Jews throughout the United States and Canada, and to editors of all newspapers published on this continent, the response of the newspapers, at least, has been unanimous in favor of retaining the identity of the Joint Distribution Committee and of the continuation of relief measures for the poverty-stricken Jews of Eastern Europe. At the same time that Mr. Brown has mailed out his questionnaire, and since its publication, reports have reached this country of very appalling conditions. in Bessarabia, Russia and Lithuania. There are millions of Jews in these centers whose economic condition is so distressing, and whose lives depend so much on the bread that may be sent them from this country, that no effort in their behalf can possibly come too soon. Leaders in this country and in Canada who feel for the unfortunates overseas dare not entertain the thought for a single moment of scrapping the J. D. C. machinery. Furthermore, in view of the existing con- ditions, they dare not delay aid to those who cry not for luxuries or conveniences in life, but for bread. An effort should be made in spite of possible complaints that we are having too many drives, that "we are tired of drives." It is well that Jews be reminded that in the long run they have not given near enough to what is expected of brothers, and by our own flesh and blood which is on the verge of death. We recall the story of the Jewish beggar who ap- proached a passerby for a donation and the latter told him that he had no change with him, but that he would be back shortly, when he would give him something. To which the Jewish beggar replied : "My good man, if only you knew how much I have lost in my lifetime by extending credit!" It is well that we remember that there has been more talk about campaigns than actual effort, and even the gigantic accomplishments of the Joint Distribution Committee in raising eighty millions of dollars for war and post-war relief is not sufficient to match the misery suffered overseas. We have been extended credit much of which we have not paid. One thing is certain: that help must go forth at once for unfortunate Jewry overseas, and the J. D. C., pos- sessing as it does the best machinery to facilitate such relief, must not only not be ruled out of existence but must be given strength to go on. Sammie Makes an Appearance. For five years Sammie Reshevsky, who was at the age of eight a world chess prodigy, had not been heard from and was practically forgotten insofar as the out- side world is concerned. During these years, however, he was, in his own way, a very active boy who pursued his Jewish and general studies and who early this month completed his high school course. This Thurs- day, for the first time since his so-called "seclusion" from public life, he made an appearance again, this time not only as a great chess player but also as a good student and fine singer. Sammie's retention of his finest qualities, which, we are told by his teachers and close friends, have been improved upon during the past five years, speaks well for the men who took a hand in his training and guard- ed him zealously against the dangers that might have come as a result of too much attention by the outside world. Remembering the old proverb that "youth and white paper take any impression," the men, here and in Chicago, who took an interest in him, guided him through a course of study, prepared for him a musical as well as chess career, and have, at the same time, made certain that he would prepare himself for a pro- fession in life. Here is, therefore, an important ex- ample of how a prodigy may be saved to greatness. With apologies to Sammie, we are compelled to make a comparison. Seven years ago the boy was so spoiled by his medals and the public attention shower- ed upon him that it was impossible to approach him or to Converse with him for two minutes. Too many hon- ors and too poor an education generally as a result of his travels for exhibition games threatened his entire future, until several public spirited men took him in hand and guided him to his present achievements in his studies as well as in his music and chess habits. Sammie's case reminds us of the warning of Brown- ing: You should not take a fellow eight years old And make him swear never to kiss the girls. Sammie, at eight, had one hobby ; he was a spoiled "fellow eight years old." Sammy at eighteen, with the proper guidance, shows promise of a great future. If only all our prodigies could be similarly guided! New Decalogues. Miss Nance Samuel, daughter of Sir Herbert Sam- uel, former High Commissioner of Palestine, came to this country to make a study of the conditions under which the shop and other working girls live and labor. In order to best familiarize herself with the subject of her studies, she got herself a job as a salesgirl in Alt- man's Department Store, Fifth avenue, New York. No sooner, however, did it leak out that the scion of an important Jewish family was working as a plain shopgirl, than she was besieged by newspapermen, and 'the publicity given the news of her new occupation drove her to resign her job less than a week after she first took it. c - 4- Several weeks ago the Rumanian anti-Semites pub- lished a set of ten rules which govern them in their hatred of the Jewish people. Last week, the German anti-Semites, not to be outdone by their Rumanian friends, published a set of laws of their own, in which they proclaimed the Jews to be a negative force to be wiped out and compiled a series of Ten Commandments which wind up in the declaration that "one can only be a slave of the Jews or an enemy of the Jews," and that "he who shields the Jews commits a crime against his own people." Such oft-recurring competition with the Decalogue of Moses, handed down from Sinai nearly 3,500 years, is proof that mankind has not yet learned the lessons of the greatest of all codes of righteousness. It is proof of the fact that people have learned to interpret their religions according to their own needs, not accord- ing to the ethics of humanity at large and the brother- hood of man. The one great consolation that one must feel in reading the new murder-inciting decalogues is that they are not the philosophy of Christianity but of indi- vidual Christians whose minds have become poisoned by hate. aytyfxulztl'*ttotmufyvtszt:tj,p t, "THE MENDELSSOHNS" By RABBI LEON FRAM In looking over the editorial colunuis of the Boston Jewish American, I discovered something that warmed the cockles of my heart, and I hope the converted Jews in Baltimore who rose in more or less righteous wrath recently because I criticized the value of Jewish conver- sions to Christianity, will read what a distinguished Christian minister has to say on the subject. In fact, all missionaries to the Jews, if they are wise, will take the statements made by the Rev. Dr. Edward Hunt, director of America's Goodwill Union, to heart and profit by them. Dr. Hunt said: "I indict missionary work among Jews," says- Dr. hunt. "I indict it on the score of of its futil- ity. One must search far and wide for a bona fide Jewish convert to Christianity. Those that we do have are merely social climbers, seeking to sell their birthright of Israel for a cup of afternoon tea. Moses Mendelssohn, so the legend goes, was walking along the boule- vard in Berlin on a pleasant sum- mer afternoon when the king's carriage drove by. Frederick the Great, so the legend goes, ordered the carriage to stop and he alighted in order to have a few words with the hunchbacked little Jewish phi- losopher who had been nicknamed the "Socrates of Germany" and whose newest book on "The Im- mortality of the Soul" was just then the best-seller in Europe. Said Frederick to Moses: "Where are you going, llerr Mendels- sohn?" Said Moses to Frederick :"Your Majesty, I do not know." "I indict it on the score of its costliness and waste. Let the Christian church use the funds which are being literally thrown away for this purpose and devote it to bringing Christianity to the many nominal Christians, who are living with- out God today. "Beware, Mendelssohn," threatened Frederick, "do not presume upon my affection for you. I have asked you a friendly question, where are "I indict it because it is un-Christian. Anyone who believes in the hand of God n history must glimpse His purpose to preserve Israel and once more establish them in the land which their fathers made the Holy Land for Jews and Christians alike. To this Moses answered, "Your Majesty, I have answered in the only friendly way I know. I have answered the truth. I do not know where I ant going, for no man ever knows where he is going." No Man Knows, This was more than the hot-tem- pered hero of the Seven Years War could endure. He signalled to one of his men and Mendelssohn was arrested and taken to prison. The next morning, so the legend goes, Frederick the Great repented of his haste and he went in person to the prison to get the little philos- opher out. As Mendelssohn came out of his cell, Frederick awaited him and Said "Now, see, Mendelssohn, why was it necessary for you to be so per- vers•? Why did you have to anger me? When I asked you, where ore you going, why could you not have told me and saved yourself and me all of this trouble?" "I indict it because it is un-American in that it ignores the value of the synagogue in making godly citizens and in the furthering of many good causes for the betterment of the community." If we were not forced to take cognizance of certain practical situations and could afford to wrap ourselves in a mantle of pride and consider with contempt whispering accusations that are made against Jews, it would seem inadvisable to comment on a news item such as was sent to me the other day from Zanesville, Ohio, by a constant reader of this column. We hear a lot about the undue proportion of Jewish doctors and lawyers who are not ethical in the practice of their professions. 'Some readers will exclaim: "Why bring this up?" I not not bringing it up but, refusing to be an ostrich, I am men- tioning it and dragging it out into the open because that's what's whispered about us. I do not say it is true. But that is a part of this burden we have to bear as Jews. And I must digress just a moment to relieve my feelings by saying that while I do not believe there are propor- tionately any more unethical practitioners among the Jews in law or medicine than among Christians, yet, we have too many Jews who are a disgrace to their people and to their professions. And I would be the first who would like to see them scourged because they add to the already too heavy load the Jews of the world have to bear. And it's a job that the Jew himself should do. But to hurry along to the letter I received: A young surgeon on the staff of the Jewish hospital in Cincinnati is given credit for saving a boy from almost certain death from a skull fracture, or at least a life of suffering from paralysis. It must have been a very unusual case, for the Toledo News-Bee devoted a half a column to telling the story. And among other things it says that "a young surgeon, whose professional ethics does not permit his name to be used is given credit for performing the miracle that will raise the boy from his deathbed." Now if the nasty whispering wasn't no constant it would never be necessary to refer to this incident of a young Jewish doctor who certainly would be helped in his career if his fame were mentined in connection with such an unusual surgical achievement. But he did what not one out of a thousand young doctors, regardless of whether they were Christians or Jews, would have done in like circumstances. But he thought more of his pro- fession than he did of advertising himself. And he hap- pened to be a Jew, and that's why the story is being told here. I see that George Arliss is "doing" the "Merchant of Venice." No first class actor is satisfied to retire from the stage until he plays the role of Shylock. Even David Warfield hail to do it, although despite his last efforts he became at time a combination of the "Music Master" and the "Auctioneer." Warfield had too much heart in his voice to play the shrewd and hard Jew of Venice. Ile was kindly. The other day I was discussing the play with one of America's most distinguished dramatic critics, and he insisted that the Jews should not take any offense at the presentation of the "Merchant of Venice" be- cause "Shylock is the only gentleman in the play." I said that I heard that before. And if it were possible to give each one in the audience a printed statement to that effect it might lessen the prejudice. But unfortunately low brows as well as high brows attend Shakespearian plays, college students, high school boys, too. And it requires a most discriminating intelligence to give the Jew his due. So I was forced to disagree with my friend, "Shylock" has come to mean a pretty conscienceless character in life. And most folk who attend the play usually carry a prejudice against "Shylock" to the theater with them and they take it home again. So speaking from a Jewish standpoint I hope the day will when the "Merchant of Venice" will die and stay dead. That was an interesting gathering of JewsoProtest- ants and Catholics in New York the other day, trying to find out why they couldn't get along together. It was said that Jews couldn't get a university post in a mid- western college. Whether that's true or not I don't know. I happen to know that there were Jewish professors at Wisconsin and Michigan and in Washington universities. But I suppose those universities would not be considered "mid-western." But I do know of at least one Jew who changed his name and held for many years a professor- ship in a mid-western college. Generally speaking, how- ever, it is difficult for Jews to hold full possessional chairs in universities, north, south, east or west. you going, can't you answer in a friendly way?" "But, Majesty," said Mendels- sohn ,"I insist I was right. You asked, 'Where are you going?' and I said, 'I don't know.' Hasn't it been proved that I was right? When I started out on my walk yesterday afternoon, did I know that before the day was over I would land in prison? No, take it to heart, Your Majesty, no man ever knows where he is going." This little fable which has at- tached itself to the story of Men- delssohn may be said to typify his entire career. Ile kept taking the road without knowing where he would end up. Ile left his town of Dessau to go to Berlin and study to be a Rabbi. He turned out to be a philosopher instead. Ile pro- ceeded to give all his strength to the writing of philosophic works, and throughout his life he must have believed that if he would be remembered at all it would be for his philosophy. But practically all his writings in philosophy are to- day hopelessly out of date and worthless, and he is remembered only for that work which he was himself never conscious of doing —the work of liberating his people from the bondage of the ghetto. The writings which he thought were so important have left no per- manent trace in history, but the sharm of his personality, which, hunchback and stammerer that he was, he never believed in, wrought the permanent emancipation of his people from political and social disabilities and to his sole claim to historical immortality. He did not know where he was going. Ile introduced the Jews of the Ghetto to German culture. He had proved in his own life that one could be a strictly Orthodox Jew and at the same time also a cul- tured German. But after his death his daughters kissed the toe of the Pope, his grandson com- posed Masses, and led by his own sons and daughters, fully half of the Jews of the ghetto of Berlin deserted their faith and went over to Lutheranism or Catholicism. Ile did not know where he was go- ing• One day he was invited to a Q.9,Q 9.Q. 9,Q chess with Gottholit Ephraim Less- ing came the most beautiful docu- ment over written in behalf of the Jews—the instrument which brought freedom and equality to the Jews all over Europe. No nun knows where he is go- ing. No now knows by what ac- cidents he may achieve his highest ends, what utter oblivion may at- tend his most carefully planned life's work, and through what tri- fles, on the contrary, he may be- come memorable. A Symbol of His People Early one morning in the year the watchman upon the tower of the gates of the city of Berlin heard the knocking of a cane. Ile looked down to see a little hunchbacked tramp. Ile looked down upon a face that was the face of an old man.though it was carried on the body of a boy only fourteen years old. Little Moses Mendelssohn, ugly of face, crooked of body, heavy of speech was knocking at the gates of Ber- lin and stammering his request for admission. To the watchman that little "fantastic" must have seem- ed to symbolize the people to which he belonged. For the Jews of Germany of that day, the eigh- teenth century, were in it very sad case. They were an aged people whose very children were old with the burden of sorrow. They were a people who had been so long con- fined in narrow quarters, no long hunted and harried and humiliated that they had become ugly and de- formed and heavy of speech. There is nothing in the world so repulsive as a persecuted people. If you want to dehumanize human beings all you need is to deny them friendship and freedom. It is only the poets who say that persecution brings out noble qualities. Prac- tical men such as watchmen can see with their own eyes how per- secution long maintained brings to the surface only deformity and ugliness. But there was one thing the watchman did not know as he looked deprecatingly down on the aged little boy—he did not know that the mind within that shriveled body vibrated with eagerness for knowledge, thirst for beauty, hun- ger for ideals. In this, too, the hunchbacked little Moses symbo- lized his people. Segregation, isola- tion, humiliation, poverty may have distoTted their bodies but had not been able to rob them of that rich tradition of prophets and singers and sages which had come down to them from the days of their freedom and glory. That shabby little body supporting that great rich mind was knocking now at the gates of Berlin, symbolizing the straining of the ghetto Jew to enter fully and equally into the life of the new world, that world of democracy and science and art 174:1, that was then emerging like a dawning sun out of the heavy mist of the Midde Ages. Moses was outwitted into the city for he had a letter to Rabbi Frankel, who a few months before had been called from Dessau to head the Jewish community of Berlin. Ile was appointed as private tu- tor in the home of the silk mer- chant, Bernays. Later on he be- came bookeeper for the silk-mer- chandizing firm, and this job was the height of his financial ambition. Ile was secure in his livelihood and could devote all of his leisure hours to study. He gave up his rabbinical studies and devoted himself to the fundamentals of European culture. Alone in his room he studied English, French and German. He mastered the Greek and Latin classics, absorbed the whole of contemporary mathe- matics and science and philosophy, (Turn to Next Page). Gems From Jewish Literature Selected by Rabbi Leon Frain. THE BEAUTY OF THE TALMUD "Scripture ordains that the He- An interesting suggestion was made that Jews should be discouraged from entering the field of law. Too ' brew slave who 'loves' his bond- age, shall have his ear pierced many Jewish lawyers, it seems. Out of proportion to against the door-post. Why? Be- the population. Rather a poser, that. It seems a dis- cause it is that ear which heard tressing situation to ask our sons who might be unusually on Sinai. 'They are My servants, gifted in that direction to abstain from taking up law. they shall not be sold as bonds- Pretty hard to make an engineer or an artist out of a men:'—They are My servants, not chap who has the inclination for and who has his heart servants' servants. And this man net on being a lawyer. Surely there must be some other voluntarily throws away his prec- way out. What holds true of law holds true of medicine, ious freedom—'Pierce his ear!'" but what shall we do about it? Gets rather irksome this running into a barbed wire fence every time we want to do something. That's why I said a few paragraphs "Be of them that are persecuted, not of them that persecute. Look back that the Jews who are in those professions should do the best job they possibly can and not indulge in those at Scripture: there is not a single bird more persecuted than the miserable practices that serve to bring the whole Jewish people into disrepute and make possible a program of dove; yet God has chosen her to be offered up on his altar. The definite discrimination against their fellows who want bull is hunted by the lion, the to follow in their footsteps. sheep by the wolf, the goat by the tiger. And God said, 'Bring me a A group of representative citizens throughout the sacrifice, not from them that per- state are trying to have the Blue Laws of Pennsylvania secute her from them that are per- modified. It's hard work, because lawmakers dependent secuted.'" upon votes are usually afraid of the big noise that's made by the intolerant church element. I say "intolerant "Bless God for the good as well church element" for I would have you know that there as the evil. When you hear of a are actually in my judgment more Christians who want death say, 'Blessed is the righteous sensible observance and who are not interested in forc- a Judge.' " ing everybody else to live and to think as they do. I always like to quote Christians to prove my position in "Prayer is Israel's only weap- these matters, as I have done in the following paragraph. on, a weapon inherited from its fathers, a weapon tried in a thou- There was a Ilelfinized resolution before the Senate, sand battles." which, of course, means an anti-American resolution. In discussing it, Senator Tydings of Maryland had this to "The reward of good works is say among other caustic things: like dates: sweet and ripening I am tired of this so-called "Christian" ele- late." ment that would crucify its fellow man as a tenet of its faith. There is no love in that kind of "The dyeing benediction of a Christianity. It springs from hatred, and is all sage to his disciples was: I pray un-Christlike as anything which can be conceived. for you that the fear of Heaven It is the work of the ignorant brain—a brain un- may he as strong upon you as the tutored in the suffering of all the centuries fear of man. You avoid sin before through which mankind has struggled to win for the face of the latter; avoid it he- itself a place of liberty in the sun. It is but • fore the face of the All-seeing." continuance of the plan to substitute man's plan • for God's plan—to substitute the code of law for "If your God is a 'friend of the the Bible, the bayonet for the helping hand. poor,' asked a pagan, why does That's plain talk and necessary occasionally. he not support them? Their case, 1 beer-house to play chess with a shabby author known to be the boon companion of soldiers and actresses and other dregs of Ger- man society. Out of that game of a sage answered, is left on our hands, that we may thereby ac- quire merits and forgiveness of sin. But what a merit it is! the other replied; suppose I am angry with one of my slaves, and forbid him food and drink, and some one goes and gives it him furtively, shall I he pleased? Not so, the other replied. Suppose you are wroth with your only son and im- prison him without food, and some good man has pity on the child, and saves him from the pangs of hunger, would you be so angry with the man? And we, if we are called servants of God, are also His children." "He who has more learning than good works is like a tree with many branches but few roots, which the first wind throws on its face; whilst he whose works are greater than his knowledge is like a tree with many roots and fewer branches, but which all the winds of heaven cannot uproot." "Love your wife like yourself, honor her more than yourself. Whosoever lives unmarried, lives without joy, without comfort, without blessing. Descend a step in choosing a wife. If thy wife is small, bend down to her and whis- per in to her ear. He who for- sakes the love of his youth, God's altar weeps for him. He who sees his wife die before him has. as it were, been present at the destruc- tion of the sanctuary itself— around him the world grows dark. It is woman alone through whom God's blessings are vouchsafed to a house. She teaches the children, .speeds the husband to the place of worship and instruction, welcomes him when he returns, keeps the house godly and pure, and God's blessings rest upon all these things." !'‘,T qWAW- : gg4TX,. .., U4':E14 1 Mt.WM At sTsl AM A, ef