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"the adoption of a rather extended study of the conditions
existing in Poland, which would appear to be possibly dif-
ferent from those obtaining in the other countries in which
the mental examination of intending immigrants is being
conducted abroad."

English is the language of thin country. The children
of Jewish immigrants attended the public schools, went to
college and became imbued with the spirit of the country.
What was going to happen to the Jewish background of
these boys and girls, of these young men and women?
There was danger, grave danger of these young folks
being completely lost to the Jewish people.
The founders and owners of the Tageblatt had the right
vision.
Realizing that it was absolutely essential that our youth
be kept in our midst, they inaugurated an English depart.
ment.
The English department became the bridge that spanned
the yawning chasm between parents and their children.

The Surgeon General adds:

While it is regretted that such a course of procedure
does not meet your request for immediate relief of the
conditions stated to exist, nevertheless, the preliminary
report does not indicate that any other course would be ad-
visable.

Such is the attitude of representatives of "the land
of the free and the home of the brave" in dealing with
a situation which created mental tests which compel
applicants for visas of admission to this country to reply
to questions such as these:

Several years ago, Abraham Cahan, in an interview,
quoted by Robert E. Park in "The Immigrant Press and
Its Control," (1922) stated:

I don't care about Hebrew words; I don t even care
about Yiddish words. I would just as soon use English if
everyone could understand.

How does a rabbit run?
How many legs has an American cat?
If I lost my purge with money in a circular garden,
from which end would I begin to hunt for the purge?
What is the difference between a potato and an apple?

That Mr. Cahan tries to use as much English as
possible in his Yiddish Forward is evident from the
following characteristic Yiddish-American passage for
the information of which he is credited by H. L. 5Ienck-
en in "The American Language" (1919):

And similar stupid queries unworthy of so-called
intelligent examiners. Our first reaction was that the
examiners themselves ought to be subjected to sanity
tests. Now, however, that a refusal to alter such an
evidently criminal condition comes from authorities
highest up, we begin to wonder how much hope there
actually remains for the slightest spirit of liberality in
our immigration policy. The holiest American princi-
ples, which made this country the haven of refuge for
the oppressed of the world, lie trampled in the dust!

Sie wet clean'n die rooms, iscrub'n dem floor, wash'n (lie
windows, drenten dem boy, and gehn in butcher store and
in grocery. Der much vet sin machen dinner and gehn in
street far a walk.

It must be remembered that Cahan's Forward is not
only the largest Yiddish circulated daily, but has the
largest circulation among all American foreign lan-
guage newspapers, and as such exerts an influence not
very healthy for what Mr. Cahan calls "purist" Yid-
dish.
The Jewish values that are imparted by Yiddish
have had a wholesome effect on our cultural activities,
and to permit the language to the will be dangerous to
all Jewry whether Yiddish speaking and reading or
not. The Yiddish schools, weak as they are in numbers
and influence, are therefore a contributing element to
the Jewish community. It would not hurt even for our
Hebrew schools to devote a few hours a month to Yid-
dish reading, that the graduates may also be able to
read and understand the language of the masses.

fR

Lending More Meritorious Than Giving.

The value of loans as expressed in the Jewish idea
of Gemilat Chassodim (Free Loans) was best defined
by Maimonidec
"To lend is deemed more meritorious than to give;
for by a timely loan the receiver may be saved from
beggary."
The success of the Detroit Hebrew Free. Loan As-
iodation, as reported in our columns of last week by its
president, David S. Zemon, in the sense of Jewish tra-
dition and idealism tried by the ages and motivated by
this spirit of justice. is therefore of more than passing
importance to the Jewish community.
The figures as quoted in Mr. Zemon's report speak
for themselves. The fact that only $100 are regarded
as uncollectable is proof of the justice of free loans and
is convincing evidence that the average man is honest,
especially when he knows that he is not exploited in
the help extended to him.
In Scripture, to lend is regarded as an act of benevo-
lence rewards for which are to be expected only from
God. And in Psalms (CXII, 5) we are told: "Well be
It with the man who is kind, and lendeth ; he will guide
his affairs with justice."
When the Detroit Hebrew Free I s . oan Association
recommends, therefore, that bequests be made for the
cause of free loans in wills drawn by attorneys and
trust comsanies, its plea should not fall on deaf ears.
Because such bequests make possible meritorious loans,
and "by a timely loan the receiver may be saved from
beggary."

Detroit's Yiddish Theater.

"Give Today and Build Forever."

When Detroit's volunteers for the United Palestine
Appeal will set out in April to canvass the local com-
munity for its $110,000 share in the 192/4 national quota
!swards the upbuilding of Palestine, they will be re-
echoing the call to American Jewry: "Give Today and
Build Forever!"
And in the course of their labors for their holy
cause, the Zionist workers will have to bear in mind
that their work must be crowned with success in spite
of criticisms and polemics over administrative faults
and deficiencies in Zionism.
We are publishing in this issue two communications
from Zionist leaders, one from Judge Henry J. Dannen-
baum of Houston, Texas, and another from Jacob de
Haas of New York. Both urge immediate changes in
the Zionist administration. Both hope for a removal
from office of incompetent officials. Judge Dannen-
baum even charges that the American Zionist move-
ment is dominated by a single individual who rules,
"frequently by political methods."
But none would want to stop the works. We must
strive to check the crisis; our aim should be to secure
the maximum results with the minimum waste. But
the work must go on, and whatever changes and re-
forms are to be attained should be secured in the course
of our efforts for Palestine.
Besides, critics who are outside the ranks of workers
defeat their own ends. Everything must be accom-
plished from within the ranks. Because, above every-
thing else, the aim is to build a strong Jewish settle-
ment in Palestine.
A united Jewish community's support for Palestine
must therefore be enrolled under the banner:
"Give Today and Build Forever!"

e..

4f; 9,Q 9,( JF. ,f V.Q

. 7.0

oep-c,5

The Struggle of the Yiddish Press.

The Jewish Morning Journal of New York is the
rAbb.l.d W•ehlY by The 1.. Chreeskle Puhhelosi Ce.
• —
only remaining national Yiddish daily without an Eng-
Preside ■ t
JOSEPH J. CUMMINS
lish supplement. The Jewish Daily News (Tageblatt)
Secreta•r •nd Treasurer
JACOB H. SCHAIC NE
Managing Editor
was first to add an English page. That was many years
PHILIP SLOMOVITZ
Ad•ertising Manager
MAURICE M. SAFIR .
ago. For a while it was discontinued, but was later
stetter March I. !hie, et the Ptrotabte at DettcAt,
Lounge as
renewed. Then came the Day (Der Tag), and immed-
Yo h, ut.4,r lb. Att of Mere% 8.•Ih7V.
iately upon its first appearance featured, first a week-
General Offices and Publication Building
ly supplement with its Sunday edition, and now a daily
525 Woodward Avenue
news column on its first page and a complete page of
C•hle Address. Chronicle
Telephotos' Cadillac 1040
features on Sundays. The Forward (Vorwarts) fol-
be.. Off..
14 Stratford Plata, London, W. 1, England.
lowed with a special four-page English supplement on
Sundays, and occasionally publishes English articles on
Subscription, in Advance.
$3.00 Per Year
week-days.
a.I
70
swir.
tats
0 loe•,ley •ing
••h 01 teat
1116. m.o. Wk._
The Yiddish dailies in Philadelphia, St. Louis, Cleve-
11
ob. set. of OA paper esir.
land, Chicago, followed suit. Then the Yiddish week-
corry.yor,4.1... a..ubprts
The Detroit Jetriob (Aro,' .•
Int.re•t le
the JeAri ►
feeloryemtet of the vIeles
4 .. 441 4•e.airns ry.pontobtli•y lot
lies robbed their readers of pages which they turned
e.p,r•..4 by the writers.
over for the consumption of Anglo-Jewish readers. N'JW
February 17, 1928
Sh'vat 26, 5688 Conies the Anarchist Freie Arbeiter Stimme and an-
nounces a monthly English supplement, to be known as
Immigrant Tests Remain Unchanged.
"The Free Voice of Youth."
The announcement of the latter is accompanied by
The Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society is informed by
an apology that it is not the decline of the Yiddish press
the United States Public Health Service that the mental
that motivates the publication of a supplement in Eng-
testis given to applicants for immigration visas in Po-
lish. And yet, from all corners of the Yiddish-reading
land are to remain unchanged until an extended study
• world there come signs of despair. The numbers of
is to be made of conditions in that country.
readers are gradually decreasing and there is danger
In his communication to the Bias in New York,
for the Judeo-German dialect.
Surgeon General Cumming states that two officers
Dr. L L. Bril, editor of the English page of the Jew-
whom he calls "psychiatrists of recognized reputation
in the United States" were selected to make an investi- Daily News, in announcing that on Fridays the regular
English half-page will henceforth be increased to a full-
gation and recommended
page English supplement, states:

Only about four years ago, the Yiddish theater in
Detroit was located In such sadly neglected and poorly
protected environs that to attend its performances
called for a sacrifice. Lovers of the Yiddish stage
were compelled at that time to travel round-about ways
to the Hastings and Adelaide playhouse to avoid dan-
gerous street crossings. For Yiddish stage artists to
exhibit their art under such circumstances called for
even greater sacrifices. Because, while it is true that
art even when thrown to the gutter remains art, in the
instance now quoted art and artists were humiliated .
When the new Yiddish playhouse was opened, at
Twelfth and Seward, the occasion was therefore very
naturally hailed as an event of more than passing im-
portance. it marked, so many of us proclaimed, "the
adding to our community's centers of another institu-
tion long needed, long craved for, long neglected."
Less than a half year's running of this theater, how-
ever finds it struggling for support, with the number
of patrons of the local Yiddish stage diminished. It is
well for the community to be reminded that all our
movements are somehow interlinked and that a strong
Yiddish theater is certain to exert an influence outside
of its own sphere. Lack of support, however, tends to
weaken the theater and its artists and is, in the long
run, of no credit to the community. It is important that
the thousands who hailed the opening of the new play-
house remember it also now that it is an existing fact.
Only by granting the Yiddish Playhouse support and
encouragement will we be able to secure an ever better
and improved Jewish theater for Detroit.

Once a Jew, Always a Jew.

Count Ludwig von liatvany, the "Rothschild of
Hungary," was sentenced to seven years in jajl and
fined 500,000 pengos, the equivalent of $80,000,' for
a political crime. His friends charge that he is being
persecuted because he is a Jew, and an American cam-
paign is on to have him freed.
But the llatvany family is Catholic, and because its
origin is Jewish the Count is persecuted. At least, this
is the claim of the former Hungarian Minister of Fi-
nance. Evidently, once a Jew, always a Jew. Counts
and millionaires who are yet unbaptized, please take
note. It is not so easy to fly from yourselves.

Or*VDVNT \

,17,1' 61',71rITIT •

fi

......

CPAS.

I have been asked why I haven't written about the'
mining situation in Ohio, Pennsylvania and West Vir-
ginia. Some readers have gone so far as to suggest that
I was afraid to tackle it. For their benefit I wish to say
that I have written editorially on the situation and I am
sorry that they didn't read it. But I might mention in
passing that I think a stigma has been placed upon
churches and synagogues and temples and upon repre-
sentative interests and individuals for permitting such an
uncivilized situation to exist. I am not discussing so
much the priests, the rabbis and the Protestant ministers
as I am the members of their congregations.

It has been said that the mine owners are not heart-
less men, that the people of Pittsburgh are not merciless.
All I know is that these mine owners turned out women
and children to starve and to freeze in mid-winter and
perhaps they have an excuse that will pacify their God,
but it will have to be a mighty good one. I am not inter-
ested in the economic dispute as to whether mines should
be open or closed or whether this or that wage scale shall
be in effect. But there is something in life that is higher
than dollars and cents, and when that something ceases to
be, then we return to the animal level. Representative
Jews as well as representative Christians held aloof from
extending aid because it was a fight between capital and
labor. And it wasn't until capital, shamed into doing A
civilized job of relief because of the scathing criticism
leveled against it, did anything that could be by the
widest stretch of the imagination be called Christian.

Crime, poverty, misery, death all have stalked in the
wake of this unspeakable barbarity that has aroused the
humane citizens of the nation, and when the vice-presi-
dent of a coal company states in public prints that he
has nothing to arbitrate, that he does not care to meet
with the miners or their representatives, that the situa-
tion is working out satisfacorily, then he is speaking like
a Bolshevik. So it seems about time that the President
of the United States and the congress of the United
States stepped in, which they should have done long ago,
and removed this unclean spot in our civilization. These
men may not be heartless but they certainly must give
their conscience an anesthetic in order to sleep nights.
'
•
Well, well, here are the Bedtime story boys again
starting a "Jews and Christians" magazine. It will issue
if "funds permit" from the Hebrew Christian Publication
Society, Inc. The editor is B. A. M. Schapiro. The New
York 'rimes' reviewer, with an innocence that is refresh-
ing, states that while the new magazine calls itself a
"magazine of reconciliation" its "purpose seems to be
rather to convert Jews to Christianity." Surely, my dear
innocent reviewer, if you know our Hebrew Christian
friends you will know that that is the only thing they
want to do. I call these Hebrew Christian missionaries
the "Bedtime Story" boys because is one reads the amaz-
ing stories they tell of conversions and believes them, one
will believe anything. One night I read one of these
trashy, sentimental, maudlin stories that made me believe
that only a moron could have written it, and the convert
was an escaped inmate from an asylum for the weak-
minded. I see among the list of contributors to the
magazine in question the names of some Christian clergy-
men who could devote their time to a better cause.
• — -
Some folks haven't the decency to wait until the
dying have drawn their last breath before they hang
crepe on the dour. The London Daily Express, that has
been one of the bitterest opponents of England's Zionist
po:tcy, has already buried the Zionist movement. and is
about ready to collect funds to erect a monument to the
dead. The paper said, "What may be the final scenes in
the tragedy of a still-born nation are now being enacted."
Continuing, this optimist says: "Perhaps the darkest
fact of the situation is the virtual cessation of financial
relief from Zionist sources outside of Palestine. The main
stream from the United States appears to have dried up,
and it is reported that the failure of remittances from
that quarter has been so complete that the Zionist or-
ganization found itself compelled at the end of Novem-
ber to cease the weekly doles which it has been paying
to the unemployed. Unless immediate aid is forthcoming,
a large section of the Palestinian Jews will be on the
verge of starvation."

Now I am surprised that the Daily Express should
publish such a story, which seems to belong in one of
America's tabloid papers published exclusively for nit-
wits. No one will believe for a moment that the end of
the Zionist movement is here. Suppose some paper in
America had painted such a death scene when England
was in the throes of her industrial revolution. what would
the Daily Express have said? Louis Lipsky ras denied
the statements, made by the London sensational sheet,
which so far as I am able to see, didn't even create a
ripple of uneasiness in this country. Probably the wish is
father to the thought. But it looks very much as if the
various powerful elements in Jewry are going through
with Palestine's restoration, and the Daily Express will
have to "kill" its obituary notice, possibly to be run at
some future date.

There was an interesting luncheon held the other
(lay in New York, at the National Republican Club. Dr.
Howard :Stylish, Protestant minister, Father Duffy, and
Rabbi Israel Goldstein discussed "The Function of the
Church in a Free State." And it wound up as it was
sure to, with "Al" Smith. The statements of Father
Duffy were almost illuminating. Ile said:
There are centain fools in every religion, but
there is leas polities taught from the Catholic pul-
pit than from the pulpit of any other church. There
is no such thing as a Catholic vote which could
be delivered.The Catholic church is devoted to
two great themes, religion and finance. I tell the
leaders of the Republican party here that if they
hear of any priest talking politics from his pulpit,
even recommending the election of "Al" Smith,
they need only to communicate with Cardinal
Hayes and he will trim them down quicker than
lightning. Attacks upon public schools as "God-
less" have not been made, to my knowldege, for
20 years by parochial schools or Catholics.

In making a brief address at an informal luncheon
held recently, I took the position that if the facts of the
continued persecution of the Jews in Rumania were as
represented in the dispatches that come from abroad
then I preferred to aide with Rabbi Stephen Wise's ag-
gressive attitude toward that country instead of Mr. Mar-
shall's pacifist attitude. The point was raised that inas-
much as the Rumanian minister to the United States had
shown the willingness of his country to correct the situa-
tion, that the Jews of this country should be patient.
But the reply to that was that we had heard these prom-
ises given without number and that they were never
redeemed. That right on the heels of the Rumanian
assurances came a group of fresh anti-Jewish outrages.
Then the thought was expressed that perhaps the news
agencies do not give us the correct picture of the situa-
tion. Perhaps the Jewish Telegraphic Agency, because
of the fact that it is a Jewish agency, is likely to have its
news colored. I confess that I have been accustomed to
look at the J. T. A. for the source of my information
abroad and have always considered it to be authentic and
reliable. I am sure that Mr. Landau, the managing direc-
tor, realizes the responsibility that lies at his door. It
would be most unfortunate if Jewish conditions abroad
should in any way be misrepresented, even through care.
lessness to the Jews of the United States. There is so
much at stake that the greatest rare and most rigid
check-up of news items should be taken.

.

By RABBI HERBERT PARZEN

ciOSEPH-•=-
--

Well, it looks as if the Blue Noses are going to have
• hard time getting their Blue Law for the District of
Columbia through congress this session. If anyone is to
be given credit for intensive work put in against this
piece of superfluous legislation, I would mention the
Seventh Day Adventists. They have been unceasing in
their efforts to establish in practice the principle of
religious liberty which is actually nullified by the Blue
Laws. I am very glad, however, that the sin-and-crime
situation has improved so much throughout the nation
that so many ministers can spare the time to lobby for
something that means no little in the scheme of religion.
of course, if this is a Protestant nation. instead of an
American nation, then the agitators are serving their god
of creed, which again is another story. However, I am
sure that all lovers of freedom will welcome the news
that the Blue Law bill is likely to die from suffocation
in the committee room.

Q,9029A

JEWS IN COLONIAL AMERICA

......... • ... • •

... • . • . 0,

'se

.

Congregation Ahavai Sholom, Portland, Oregon

Editor's Note: The following is the first of a series of four
articles on the problems of the Jew in America and their his-
toric background. The first, on "The Jews in Colonial Ameri-
ca," deals with the Sephardic migrations. The second will
deal with the migration of the German Jews and their prob-
lems, and the third will be devoted by the author to the coming
to these shores of Eastern European Jewish immigrants. In
the final article Rabbi Parzen aims to reach some definite con-
clusions on the American Jewish problem.
Rabbi Parzen is a former Detroiter, having been educated
in Detroit schools. He was graduated from the University of
Michigan and received his M. A. from Columbia. He was
ordained Rabbi by the Jewish Theological Seminary and served
as rabbi of the conservative synagogue in St. Paul, Minn.,
prior to his coming to Portland.

To understand the problems cold, calculating rationalism of the
which confront American Israel to- succeeding century had hardly
day, it is essential to comprehend made its appearance. Theology was
still the "Queen of Sciences." The
the environment which gave birth
Bible had not yet been desiccated
to them and nurtured them to their
present dimensions. Just as it is
by "Higher Criticism" and was still
impossible to solve any scientific revered as the Key to all Wisdom.
question correctly, without a full The history of human experience
was still valued as a guide of con-
knowledge of all factors involved,
just so are our Jewish problems ins-
temporary life. Human thought
p•ssible of solution without knowl- was completely religious in charac-
edge of the history, development, ter.
and human composition of Ameri-
Domination of Church.
can .lewry. Ignorance may be bliss,
The church dominated the life of
but it certainly is not conductive to the community.
Puritan in the
exact thinking upon human situa- North, Dutch Reform and Quaker

„v.

1, •

4;

tions. Without thought based upon in the middle colonies, Catholic in
factual information we are help- Maryland. and Anglican in the
lessly impotent in all human en- South,—all were practically State

deavors. churches. While all these folk
Our purpose is to supply the his- came to the New World to find re-
toric background to the drama of ligious freedom, with the notable
Jewish life in Amercia in a con- exception of the Quakers and
cise yet comprehensive form.
Rhode Islanders, they were intol-
The First Jewish Immigrant.
erant of differing views. Religious
tolerance
only
established
at
The first Jews who came to these the time was
of the
Revolution.
The
American shores were Sephardim. separation of Church and State

They were
of of
Spanish
was of established
by law after the
Jewry,
who, the
as scions
a result
their War
Independence.
expulsion from the Pierian Penin-
The minister and the church of-
sula, wandered throughout Europe, ficials wielded more control over
Asia Minor and Africa. They the daily life of the citizen than the
sought
wherever
a haven
for their refuge
fatigued
bodies and
aris- rabbi during the Middle Ages. Life
nomistic,
ruled
law. in The
tocratic spirits presented itself. So was
model
was the Law
as by
found
the
they came to America too, at first Old Testament. Yes, the Law of

to
Spanish
America,
the Moses
was the
of these
British
West
Indies. then
and to
finally
munities.
The guide
people
were com-
thor-

they knocked at the doors of what oughly grounded in the history of
is now
American
territory.
were
refused
admittance
to They
New the Hebrews. They read the Bible
through every year and attempted
York, then a Dutch colony. Only
to put it in practice in their corn-
after protracted negotiations, chief-
munal life.
ly aided by the influence of Euro-
pean Jewish stockholders in the
Every person was a member of
corporation which controlled the a religious organization. There
territory, did they finally gain en- were no unchurched people. Public
trance. They were however, re- opinion and social prestige demand-
fused the right to worship public- ed church affiliation. Church mem-
ly, to acquire burial grounds, to bership was just as important as
trade freely, and under no circum- family relationship. In short, not
stance were they to become a pub- only thought but life was religious
lic charge. Gradually, as they in character.
gained the respect of their neigh-
The Biblical Influence.
bors. they were granted, first, the
From this concise description it
privilege to hold religious services
is
clear
that the Bible and religion
publicly, then to possess an "Eter-
were the life compelling forces in
nal Home," to own real property, the fabric of Colonial American
and, finally, all the prerequisites of
civilization.
citizenship. By 1770, they were of
Into this religious environment
considerable importance commer-
came
first quite
Jews.
Their life
cially and possessed some influence
was the
therefore
symmetrical
politically.
with their surroundings.
They
A Proud Group.
therefore had no moral problems.
At the beginning of the nine-
They had no Jewish religious prob-
teenth century, there were not lems. As soon as they acquired
quite 5,000 Jewish souls in these the prerogatives of citizenship, all
United States (among them some their problems were solved. They
of Ashkenazic stack). These dwelt were not even confronted with
an
principally in New York, Philadel-
phia and Newport, Rh I Island. anti-foreign sentiment. They were
too
few
in
numbers
for
that.
The
These Jews were of
physique Anglo-Saxon poulation felt itself
and noble hearing.
• were
aris-
tocratic spirits, into igent and in- thoroughly secure. Therefore no
animosity towards other racial
tellectual. They were proud of groups existed. And, as seen, re-
their Jewish incestry, whipped into ligious antagonism slowly disap-
glowing memories by the legend-
ary heroism and suffering sacrifices peared.
These Jews were indeed fortu-
of their martyred ancestors, during nate for they were the first to en-
their enforced exodus. They cher-
joy liberty with their Jewishness
ished and revered their traditions. without feeling the clash and with-
They loved their faith and prac-
out suffering the pangs of adjust-
ticed it here in America just as ment to hostile surroundings, the
they were accustomed to do in the lot of the later generations of

r

Old
American
Jews.
What World.
was the external
environ-
ment in which they lived? Were
they confronted with any spiritual
or religious problems? To answer
these questions intelligently we Parents who persist in pamper-
mush know the American millieu of ing their children instead of com-
the time, we most endeavor to un- pelling service from them are un-
derstand the character of the Old
consciously at least partially per-
American Civilization.
verting their progeny into para.
Influence of Romanticism.
sites.

PARASITES

Early America was an agricul-
An excessively unselfish parent
tural-maritine community.
The is a sure method to produce a
dominant occupations were farm-
selfish child.
ing and the businesses connected
A mother who unduly humors
with sea-faring. Industrialism, as
her son is making it unreasonably
we know it, had not yet made its hard for his future wife. The
appearance. Their economic fabric average woman is no much su-
possessed innate characteristics of perior to her husband that she
extreme significance. It was a civ-
should not be burdened with the
ilization of leisure. Time was of necessity of overcoming the short-
little economic import. This leis-
comings cultivated by his mother.
ure time was utilized principally in Women should co-operate and not
the home and in the Church. Med-
compelled Supplement.
to counteract one
itation, devotion, contemplation, be
another.—The
were daily tasks after the hard
routine work was done.
An honest man path twice as
Romanticism,
with
mystic much
brains
as he needs, a knave
undercurrents.
was
the its
permeating
not half
enough.
influence in all human thought. The

C

WHY NOT

ASK THE RABBI

A Sheaf of Sheilas

By RABBI LEON FRAM
Director of Religious Education, Temple Beth El.

10. Name three great Jewish
1. Who are the three most
most eminent Jewish artists of the conductors.
Chicago Civic Opera Association?
11. Name three great Jewish
2. The work of what Jewish singers.
composer did the Detroit Sym-
12. What lands have most re-
phony play last Thursday and cently been offered to the Jewish
Friday?
people for settlement or coloniza-
tion?
3. What are the two greatest
contributions which the Jewish re-
13. What Jews have been in-
ligion made to humanity?
cluded in the nation's roll of honor
for 1927?
4. What great American insti-
14. book?
What is Mr. Lewis Browne's
tution was founded by the Jews latest
of America?
15. What Jewish actress is re-
5. What per cent of the out-
garded as the greatest tragedienne
standing musical conductors and of history?
instrumentalists of the world are
16. Who is [Hamar Ben Avi?
of Jewish origin?
17. How much has Nathan
6. Name three of the greatest Straus given to Palestine?
Jewish composers of the past.
18. Who is Robert Nathan?
7. Name three of the greatest
19. What is Chamisho Osor

living modern Jewish composers.
8. Name three great Jewish
pianists.
9. Name three great Jewish
violinists.

900•eseev'; Q.9

B'Shevat?
20. How is Chamisho Osor
B'Shevat observed?

(Answers on last page.)

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