RO
piEnLTROIT EIVISR ONICIA

PAGE TWO

—
Pogrom Literature
In France

By I. Schechtm•n.

There is need to fear, I am not
talking of anti-Semitic literature
which incites the people to pogroms
against the Jews. France is not a
country in which ouch literature is
likely to be spread abroad with im-
punity. Neither public opinion nor
the law would allow it. The public
would simply laugh at the authors
and distributors of such articles or
books, and as for the law, the public
prosecutor would soon get busy and
the responsible persons would find
themselves pulled up in a court of
law. There is no need to fear po-
grom literature in France.
What I have jn mind is literature
on the subject of pogroms,
Schwartzbard's net in shooting Pet-
lura roused public interest in
France in regard to the pogroms.
For many years it was impossible
to get anyone in France to show
the slightest interest in this pain-
ful subject. The public is tired of
suffering, and things that happen-
ed eight or nine years ago in far-
away Ukraine meant nothing to the
mass of French public opinion. It

Jew. First as a journalist, then pogromist leader does not corres-
as a friend of Torres, and after pond. That cannot be allowed in
that as a man and a Jew, he has a book of history. But Lecash does
taken a keen interest in the flues- not write history. Ile tells you what
lion of pogroms; he has now given he was told. Ile reports living im-
hiinself up to it entirely. ',sessions made by living men and
w
The big French newspaper, "Par-omen
and by dead towns, and per-
it is for that very reason, be-
is
is Soir," proposed that he should cause he is not fully acquainted
undertake a tour in the Ukraine in • with all the details and the special
order to investigate the truth about
[ conditions of the civil war and the
the pogroms on the Spot He
pogroms, that his book is so full of
cepted the offer, and accompanied
life. It may be that is why we do
by' his wife, who is a grand-child
'
not see in the hook any particular
of the well-known k'rench socialist,
orpogramist leader, but ft general
•
'termini Lecash is a very
Madam Sevcrin, he journeyed for
of the great flood of po-
eg man. He was not always three months—August, September, P
known as Lecash. He comes front and October—through the length groms, and perhaps it is for that
Cherson, and his name at one time and breadth of the Ukraine, follow- very reason that the hook has such
was probably Lekach. But he was ing in the blood-drenched tracks of a devastating effect upon the read-
er, especially upon the Western Eu-
brought up from his childhood in the pogroms. Ile was in Kieft'
•
and in
Paris. His mother tongue is French Charkoti, in Cherson and in Odes- opean who knows nothing and
and he has been for years a fre- sa, in Proskurov, in Jitomir, in Be- cares to know less about all the
quent contributor to the French lazerkov, in Uman, in countless little distinctions between Petlura
press with quite a reputation as a Jewish towns and villages where and Denikin, Machno and Zeleni.
In [ armies id Petlura and Denikin, What interests Lecash is the po-
capable and clever journalist.
politics he was at one time of the Gregoriev, Machno, Tutunik and grom as such, and the various po-
extreme left, working in the Com- the rest held sport. He saw the gromist leaders stand out in his
mind as one and the same compos-
munist's Party together with M. newly re-built ruins.
He spoke
Henri Torres, who's now Schwartz- with hundreds of people who lived ite, nameless, pogromist beast,
hard's leading counsel. Together through the pogroms and lust in whose name is legion, but whose
with Torres, he left the Commun- them their nearest and dearest, lie form is lie.
ists Party a few years ago, and at saw the still open wounds of the
It is in this sense that the great-
present he takes no active part in body and soul. In a broken Yiddish est French humanist of our time,
alp to the time of the which he picked up in the course of Romain Roland, writes to Lecash:
politics.
Schwartzbard affair, he took no a few months, he made himself un- "And what of tho hangman l'et-
part in Jewish life either.
derstood to all these people. lie tura? Oh, it is were only a ques-
Schwartzbard's shot made him a listened to their tales of woe, and tion of one or ten or a thousand
he has now written a book which Petluras. The most terrible thing
overwhelms you with its tale of dis- is the thousands of no-names who
aster, and opens up an entirely new made it their aim to ravish the hu-
world to the French reading pub- man body and to sate themselves
lic, confronting every honest think- in human blood.

had to be something out of the ord-
inary to awaken the interest of the
French press and the French pub-
lic. This was Schwartzbard's li
achievement.
The nearer we come to the date
of the opening of the trial, the more
signs there are of this new and ac-
tive interest in the pogrom question.
The most striking of these signs no
far is the publication this week of
Bernard Lecash's book When Is-,
rael Dies," with the subtitle In the
Land of Pogroms."

'Decorations for all occas i ons

ing man with a great and tragic
problem—the martyrdom of a whole
A surprise awaits you if you come and visit our shop. people.
We just want to show you how true to nature our Arti-
The book has been written in an
ficial Flowers are made.
original style and is full of life and
feeling. It is not history and it is
not a compilation of records. It
is neither politics nor belles-lettres.
As history the book is too fragmen-
tary and not sufficiently precise.
Artificial Flowers — Window Valances
One who is really well acquainted
with Jewish conditions in the Uk-
301 METROPOLITAN BLDG.
raine will find plenty of errors in
the book. lie will find in one place
Phone Cadillac 5895
33 John R. Street
a date wrongly given, elsewhere
there is a mistake in the number of
victims, or perhaps the name of the

Benning Decorating Shop

It is to this thousand-headed
nameless pogromist beast that Le-
ash's book is devoted. Ile makes
the reader actually feel the atmos-
phere of the pogrom, an atmosphere
which it is so difficult to convey
to a Western European, who lives
even in time of war under normal
conditions of a regulated state life.
He infects his reader with terrible
pogrom panic, with the woes and
the wrath of those who have re-
mained alive, with the feelings of
mourning for the victims. That it
why his hook makes such a terrible
impression upon the readers, so
that they understand what a po-

gram really is, more than they
would from any scholarly written,
authenticated book of his-
c to ar rully
t rf
.
Lecash's book is no record of
events. It does contain scores of
records, terrible human documents,
but the reader does not tire of them.
Lecush knows how, with the sure
touch ■■ f the trained journalist, to
individualize, to make his pages
live, to put life into each one of
his documents, so that the reader
ekes not sec mute witnesses, but
living people who state simply and
without artifice what terrible
things they have lived through.

And Lecash's book is not poli-
tics tither. He knows how to avoid
making his book a political pamph-
let, h•,..v ta avoid ticking sides in re-
gard to the ruling power of its
former opponents. He sees the
great Jewish tragedy which is more
to him than all the political re-
gimes, and he concentrates all his
attention upon that one matter, and
for that reason his book constitutes
such a unity, is such a complete en-
tity, and exercises so powerful an
effect upon the reader.

And its effect is indeed tremen-
dous. A number of promineat
French politicians and writers, like
Remain Roland, Deputy Lambert,
M. Herold, vice-president of the
League of Human Rights, and M.
Gustav Kahn, the poet have writ-
ten to him to say that his book has
opened up a new world to them and
that now they begin to understand
how terrible and how vast was the
tragedy of. Ukrainian Jewry. A
number of social organizations,
such as the Club de Faubourg, have
organised a series of discussion
evenings devoted to Locash's book,
th
ti
r empogrum, and the Schwartzbard

English I. 0. B. B.
Discuss Foundation

_ ese
es/s

-

a

Inspired by the success of the
Hillel Foundations in strengthen-
ing the ties of Judaism among stu-
dents at American universities, the
First B'nai B'rith Lodge of Eng-
land is developing a program for
similar work among: Jewish stu-
dents at British universities. The
addresses delivered by Interna-
tional President Alfred M. Cohen
during his recent visit to London
gave the British members of the
order a definite understanding of
the Hillel Foundations in this
country and stimulated them to
immediate action.
A special committee appointed
by the First Lodge of England to
draft a scheme of co-operation
with university students brought
in a series of recommendations, all
of which were unanimously adopt-
ed.
Among these recommendations
are the following: Admission of
students as members of the lodge
at a small fee; contributions to-
ward the establishment of
B'rith Hebrew study circles; pre-
sentation of Jewish books to a stu-
dents' library; arrangements for
lectures, and the offer of prizes of
$50 and $100 for essays on some
vital Jewish topic.
This was followed by an open
evening for Jewish students, un-
der the auspices of the First Lodge
of England. The program was in
the nature of a symposium on
"Jewish University Students and
the Community," and addresses
were delivered by representatives
of the Jewish students at the vari-
ous universities.

It should be mentioned that it
' was not an easy matter to break
[ down the wall of indifference in
France in regard to this question.
Lecash himself tells how difficult a
I task it was to get his lax* pub-
; lished. Ile was sent to Russia by
I the "Paris Soir," but by the time
he conic back, the newspaper had
new proprietors did not think it ad-
passed into other hands, and the
visable to busy themselves with
Jewish questions. So Lecash went
to look for another paper to publish
his pogrom articles, and then he
realized how hard it is to get a
Jewish subject into the French
press. Although he is a well-known
and capable journalist and has ex-
cellent relations among the French
editors, his manuscript was always
turned down. Some editors told
him straight away that they did
not want their paper to get a repu-
tation as a Jewish newspaper. Oth-
ers argued that the subject matter
was stale and could not hold the
public. Others again appealed to
the taste of their readers, urging
that they did not ss:ant unpleasant,
sad things in the paper; they want-
ed plenty of amusing material and
light subjects. It took Lecash a
long time before he at last induced
the Radical daily, "Quotidien," to
publish a few of the articles and
then to issue them in book form.
The first step was hard. But
now that the ice has been broken,
it seems that the pogrom literature
in France is not going to end with
Lecash's book. The League of Hu-
man Rights is preparing a special
issue of its journal devoted to the
pogroms. The Committee of Jew-
ish Delegations is about to publish
a big volume on the Petlurist po-
groms, and a number of other works
on the same subject will soon ap-
pear.
The Schwartzbard trial will find
the ground well prepared. French
public opinion in June, 1927, will
certainly not be so uninformed and
indifferent on the subject of the
Jewish pogroms as it was in June,
1926.
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WELCOME AMNESTY

BUCHAREST-1J. T. A.)—An
amnesty to all military offenders
from July, 1914, was decided
upon by the cabinet. About 20,-
000 trials still pending will be an-
nulled and thousands imprisoned
will be released.
The Jewish population is grati-
fied because of the Jews who im-
mediately after the war, were
charged with desertion and espio-
nage, and who, although innocent,
have not been given an opportun-
ity to prove their innocence.

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SET TRIAL DATE

PARIS.—(J. T. A.)—A defi-
nite date has been set for the
trial of Sholom Schwartzbard
for slaying Semion l'etlura. It
was announced here that the
trial has been fixed for Oct. 17.

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e., there is
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who wish to study the law.)
Shouldst thou say that the crown
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ten "By me (Torah) kings reign
and princes decree justice." (Pros'.
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Hindu or Jew

A Nice Point of Law.

Is Abraham Ilai a Hindu or a
Jew This very tine point of law
has just been decided by the de-
partment of labor. In reality there
never should have been any doubt,
for Abraham liai is a Jew, but the
United States government sought
to deport him and thus raised the
question. Here is the story.
Abraham Hai, who is now 34
years of age, arrived in the United
States on Oct. 4, 1922, as a mem-
ber of the crew of the S. S. Presi-
dent Polk. (laving been paid off,
he decided that the United States
looked good to him so he remained.
Hai never took the trouble to ap-
pear before any immigration au-
thorities asking for regular admis-
sion. So legally he was a desert-
ing seaman and had no business
to be in the country at all. But
evidently this did nut trouble Ab-
raham Hai.
Ile settled in Baltimore and a
year later, to be precise, on Oct.
28, 1923, he married and now is
the father of two children. On
May 9 of that year he had ob-
tained his first citizenship papers.
When, several years later, he made
inquiries as to his final papers, the
Federal government instituted pro-
ceedings to deport him. That was
in
three years having al-
ready elapsed since he had set foot
on American soil, Ilai could not
be sent out of the coutnry as a
deserting seaman and no the gov-
ernment officials sought other
grounds on which to deport him.
Investigation made by the labor
department showed that Abraham
Hai was born in Ran Goon, Bur-
mah, India, on Feb. 12, 1893. His
entire family was still living in
Ran Goon. His father was born
in Malabar. His grandfather saw
the light of day first in Cochin ,
India, and his great-grandfather
hailed from Palestine. His mother
was born in Bagdad. There could
be no doubt that Abraham Ilai is
a Jew. All his forebears had been

jews
fi department of labor, how-
The
ever, decided that Abraham Ilai
was a Hindu and invoked that pro-
vision of the immigration laws of
1917 which said that "natives of
India" are barred from admission
into the United States. This clause
was enforced to exclude Hindus
and others ineligible to citizen-
ship. In the eyes of the depart-
ment, Abraham Ilai was a Hindu.
The entire case came to the at-
tention of the Baltimore office of
the Hebrew Sheltering and Immi-
grant Aid Society of America
(Bias) and at its request the
Washington bureau of lints argued
the case of Abraham Ilai before
the department of labor. The Hias
representative contended that the
clause "natives of India" did not
mean persons who were born in
India alone but really applied to
persons belonging to the race
which is indigenous to and re-
dominates in India. It was claimed
on behalf of Hai that he was of
the Hebrew race nail its members,
although they may be born in In-
dia, could not be properly classed
as "natives of India."
The argument had the desired
effect. The deportation proceed-
ings were dismissed, as were simi-
lar proceedings against Mrs. Hai,
who had come to this country in
1923 and who was sought to be
deported on the ground that she
might become a public charge.
The real purpose of the order of
deportation against her was to
make it possible to send her out
of the country if her husband
should be deported.
Abraham Hai is very likely a
member of the B'nai Israel, a sect
of Jews that has lived in British
India for many centuries, very few
of whom ever come to this coon-

As to crown on the heads of
bridegrooms, whence do we know
The golden altar symbolized the
that now since the temple is de-
stroyed, they are forbidden? From devotion of the soul; the bronze
one,
that of the body. ( Midr. Tad-
the verse: "Thus saith the Lord:
The mitre shall be removed and the she 11.)
crown taken off" (Ezek. xxix 31)
—while the mitre was on the head
d the high priest, there might be
AUSTRIA MOVES TO
a crown un the head of anyone, but
PROHIBIT SCHECHITA
since the mitre was removed from
the head of the high priest every
VIENNA.-1.1. T.
crown should Is• taken off. (Git.
Society for the Prevention of
70.)
Cruelty to Animals in Austria
is preparing for a referendum
Rabb said to Rabbi Kahaba,
in the various districts in favor
"Even when 100 cucumbers may he
of a law against the schechita,
had for one zuz, do not say that you
the Jewish method of slaughter-
will buy your food on the way, but
ing animals.
carry it with you, for you never
The province of \'oralberg
know what may happen on the
intends to carry into effect a
way." (Pas. 113a.)
prohibition against the schechi-
ta, despite the fact that there is
Study of the Torah is as the
only a small Jewish population
golden altar of incense; charity by
in the district.
the rich is like the bronze altar
The prohibition of the sche-
where the sacrifices were consumed.
chita
in Vonalberg would de-
(Tam. Yer. 3x xl 6, 6.)
prive the Jews in Switzerland,
where the schechita is pro-
The altar on Mount Moriah was
hibiited,
obtaining kos her
the spot where Adam brought his' meat
from of
Voralberg
which it
first sacrifice, and where Noah built '
on the Austrian-Swiss bo
his altar. (Pirke R. El m i.)
rder.
s,

CARDINAL MAKES
NEW ATTACK ON

PALESTINE JEWS

ROM E— (J. 1'. A.)—A reties
attack on Zionist policies in Pal,
tine was made by Cardinal Harl..
sina, the papal representative is
Jerusalem, in a report submitted
to the vatican, it was learned her,.
(animal Barlassina, in report-
ing conditions in Palestine, com
plains that "seldom were condi.
lions so bitter as they are now"
In proving this contention, rani
nal Barlassnia alleges that "Ziss
ism makes life impossible; the
Jews have driven away their for
mer Arab laborers, replacin • them
with thousands of their co reli•
gionists from Russia
"Unless we give the poor Arab-
land, they will be compelled is
abandon the country, thus am
menting the exodus of the ('aths'
population and helping the esl,t'
lishment of the Jews in the lle
Land," Cardinal Barlassina writ,

-

JEWISH LEADERS
TO CONFER OCT. 6

SOFIA.— 1.1. T. A.)
A 1 ,,
liminary conference of .1e.o•-•
leaders active in the Internatio,
Union of League of Nations s
cieties will take place here Oct [
The conference was called a.
the initiative 1)f the Jewish Leagii-
of Nations Society in Bulgaria io
connection with a series of meet-
ings of the commissions of the in-
ternational union, which will open
their sessions in Sofia on Oct. 7.
The agenda of the prelimintry
conference includes a discussion
on the nationarminority rights, so
the situation in Roumania, the
status of the refugees in Coastal)
tinople and the problem of ear.
gration.

PARIS. — 1.1. T. A.) --Jewish

congregations in European coon
tries were urged to include in their

'high Holiday service's un Rosh
ashonah and Um Kippur a
. prayer for the success of the
League of Nations.
The appeal Was issued by the
[Association of French Rabbis at 1.
annual meeting here.

OBITUARY

SYLVIA GOLDSTEIN
Mi. Sylvia Goldstein, aged 21.
, passed away on July 17. She was
the daughter of Harry and Minnie
Goldstein and sister of Mrs. Paul
Kruger, Marian Goldstein, Julius,
Paul and Isadore.
Funeral services were conducted
from the parents' residence, 4:15
E. Ferry avenue, on Monday, with
burial at Cloverhill Park Ceme-
tery.
Rabbi Hershman officiated.
---- --
ROSE ASSIK
Mrs. Rose Assik of 2728 Fuller-
ton avenue passed away on July 17
at the age of 38. Benjamin Assik,
husband, survives. Burial took
place at Machpelah Cemetery, with
Rabbi Eiseman officiating.

HANNAH GOTTESMAN
Hannah Gottesman, aged h

passed away on June 27 at Sure-

ava, Roumania. Surviving are one
inc
son, Max, of Detroit and
daughter, Mrs. Fanny Goldberg of
Suceava.

MRS. CHARLES GOLDSTEIN
News has come from St. Lout,.
Mo., of the untimely passing of
Mrs. Charles Goldstein (Sara Las-
ky) in that city on Monday, July
18.
Interment took place in
Louis.

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