American Pith* Periodical Center

CLIFTON AVENUE • CINCINNATI 20, OHIO

•

The Hebraic Mortar Of
•
the American Republic

Inquiry at Historic Sources Illuminates Influence of Judaism on
Founders of the Republic,

By DR. MORRIS M. FEUERLICHT

(Copyright, 1926, Jewish Telegraphic Agency.)

PAGE THREE

iissi(Agoina4
'fitti_Rory l ti ■

odo r
nature concerning individuals law of the land. Cromwell himself, at tian Ilebraists abounded.
mber born
sel f one e of the
nuof 77 (m in-
I sonal
and incidents of early Jewish resi- all times exceedingly friendly to the ther. h
,
M
MO
th
ves
gi
o of 111621 int
ano
dance in America, Peter Wiernik's Jews, hail in mind a reconciliat t
g
ng gra d uated
•
the Old and New Testent
and
the isters, who, havi
,
am
nland, later
. .
"History of the Jews in America,"
e•- gun their wo rk in E .
•
•
1 .
t
published in 1512, presents a crte i a- establishment o
served as ministers in
journalistic lion between the "Jewish people of To these, hr adds the names of 110
hie though popular and
compendium of many of these items God" and the English Puritan thet:- ministers, Ilebraists and graduates of
i.-,.. ,
Harvard college, in the latter half
up to the time of its own publication. r a cy .
--
" l this, as has been said, happened
All
Within the last year, 1925, 11r. Louis
r colo-
the
volumin-
n
a
(te
I. Newman, has published
ous work, "Jewish Influence on Chris. in England
a generatio
the P u ritan
COD- first settlem at of
rth
tian Reform Movements," whose
n is in New England. liut it is worth
I II I I III I II I M a m mil loom
eluding chapter, "Hebraic Aspects of n
not only IllleflUSe the Sa llie
American Puritanism;' presents an recalling,
influences of which the events under
an
though Cromwell were only the druttic
appropriate and interesting,

a

of the setenteenth century. Must no-
table in these lists of names are: John
Cotton, Richard Mather, o n Eliot,
Thonuts Weide, Henry Dunster,
Charles Chauncy, Samuel Whiting,
Michael Wigglesworth, Thomas The-
cher, Judge Sewall, Increase Mather
Ezra
and Cotton Mather. Lula came
Stiles, president of Yale, also Samuel

Johnson, first president of Canal..
Several of the men mentioned above
served as president of Harvard.
The order of studies in "The Lewes
of Harvard College" of 1655 required
that "In the first year(- after admis-
sion for fours dayes of the week all
students shall be exercised in the
studies of the Greek and Hebrew

1 nuolonommill iil lin11111111111111111111 1 111111111111111111111111111111111111111 1 111111111111111111111111111111MHIf il i l l l l l l

only momentary peep into the region final(-, had been n i wraling
l'Ifllr'
sti-
loe it
of Judaism's actual or potential IT-
lationship to the beginning of Amer- in England, but also
lievaust
v
re ligiious
He braic
IC:111 democracy. The must pertinent itlizes the intensely'
kground from w hi -11
and extensive, though far
from
ex- and
punt kid and
bac Pilgrims of 33 years
ject
is that
the Puritans
aus on 'The before had emerged, and which, under
hausti ve work on this sub
of
Oscar S. Form
Str of Govern- ' other circumstances, they had already
of Republican
0 the late
soil °I. the' new
Origin
meat in the United States of Amer- I transplanted
upon
i world. Indeed,
it was the newer Puri-
wellia n
, followed
Published
in
11ff
ica," first publish
imm ig rants
s
c
by two later editions, the lust in 1501; tan
e e Crontolonist
th e tharlier
th at gave of
fortunately now out of , ' period
unfortunately
of
1620
an
added
impetus
and
strength
and all
' in the hatter's efforts to establish a ,
tint
The case of Judaism's influence, ,theocratic form of government an d
through its Bible at least, on the Testament mode of life in New Eng-
founding if the American Republic, , land. This was the purpose of both
the Pilgrims at Plymouth and the l'ur-
I and as Illade out by Mr. Straus, is
successfully established, according to flans of Massachusetts Bay. While
, 1 the late M. Emile de I.aveleye, ten- the former had come primarily to se-
neat Belgian publicist and professor • Care freedom of worship in their own
at the University of Liege. General ,,,, y, the latter had come, ostensibly
The Sesqui-Centennial of American I only claim, at best, to point out the !
a commercial company, but in re-
intensive and extensive l historians also, like Leaky, Fiske and
Independence this year provides a fit- need of a more
! o tht. rs . h ae, been equally frank in as
ting though somewhat belated oppor- study than, unfortunately,
has
thus
wealth,
in the
of Fiske,
"like
highly impor- I ,,,,,,,,,ling such influence. The now . ality
to found
a words
them•ratie
conmnin-
a
tunity for studying the relationship, far been given it, of
if any, between that important event tent and fascinating phase of 'Jewish I frequently quoted passage of 11,cky's, nod
that ok
of . the
of Israel in the
, .. s y children
, _
i 1
before their forward
world history and Judaism. Did I and secular history, Up to this time The Hebraic Mortar Cenwnted the ,
'
cy hearts
desire e for a king. "
conceived the ers
ill
as an historical religion, as , the available material and sources I Foundations of American Democra mon- ,heart
while the
earli er
of
utilized.1 is a typical expression of the com
B ut
a theological and ethical system pro- I have been only sparsely
William
ly-accepted verdict.
COIOnists, especially Governor
.. .
fussing to be world-wide in its scope Graetz world historian of Modern
•
iam
sdpirit.an«itihn-
Bradford
and
Elder
the
Jewry and expositor of the various
ler tdo runs n
In order
f a sort and
i
and application, exert any influente currents of Judaism as they have
idento on
S
stet were Ilebraists o
, of the Old Testament, it was
upon the founding and the founders
nwr
lovers
e
d
iverse
lives
and
phi-
tent
o
founding and founders of the Ai-
flowed intAl th
of the American Republic; and if BO, losophies of modern civilized peopl,,,
n fit publit, it i necessary to revert ; the Puritans who came lat er than
Cromwellian pe-
to what extent?
has only a few rather dubious words et a tha-t brief period of English his- '
and gave
during
the and permanency
riwl that
form
If there was indeed any such in- to say about the progress of the Jew toor when Put ritanism reached the l 1620
its
o,
during,
the
l'ro-
uence, the facts were obviously sig- in America, and none al all about the hei fl Y), ht
wl-
orate, 165'11659. This was a full I to New England Puritanism. They
nificint ill the philosophy of general role of Judaism in the dramatic un- tect'
generation after the Puritan and Pil- were education
for the most
men of
supe-
and part
intellect,
English-
as well as in that of Jewish history, folding of the I1CW Republic.
riot.
1
and should long since have afforded
(lolonies of New England. But
The American Jewish Historical So- i grim
same
religious
influences
operating
or
Cambridge,
in
a
period
when
Chris-
,110111111111111111111111111111111111111111Miimaimmula
iniii
our American Jewish scholarship a ciety, organized in 1892, has published it was during this period that the ' trained, graduates of either Oxford
particularly inviting field for early in- some 30 volumes of admirable and in-
vestigation. With a full consciousness valuable source materials generally, contemporaneously in New England
of his own only too patent limitations, but dealing in large. if not in major found their chief and, in a political',
n that this
the writer cannot preted
part, with a wide variety of f rag - land military sense at least, supreme '
met the in- mentary items of a more or less per- expression in the mother country.
paper will prove to have
It can
Officially, England had seen no Jews'
vitation even superficially.

(Editor's Note:—it was President Calvin Coolidge, descendant
of one of the oldest New England families, who, in his memorable
address at the dedication of the Jewish Community Center in Wash-
ington, D. C., in 1525, vividly brought to the attention of the Ameri-
can public the sentence coined by the historian, Lucky: '1 he He-
braic mortar cemented the foundations of American democracy."
The correct presentation of this historic fact, significant as it is in
the history of these United States, the greatest democracy that ever
Jewish litera-
existed, and in the history of the Jeeish religion and
ture, intrigued the best minds, Jewish as well as non-Jewish scholars
and statesmen. This problem assumed timely significance and in-
Jew on the occasion of the celebration
terest to every American
of the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the signing
this yea r
ion
of
Independence.
Dr. Morris M. . t
of the Declaration
, in a paper he read at the recent sessi on [if the
Indianapolis, Ind.
exhaustive
and
au
s gave e
Central Conferece
n of American" Rabbis,
scholarly, but none the less popular, presentation of the influence of
Judaism on the founders of the republic.)

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SEASON'S GREETINGS TO ALL

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General Auditors and
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within its borders since their banish-,
mint by Edward I., in 1290. It seemed i
to know none other than the type pre-
seated in Shakespeare's "Merchant of
Venice," and Marlowe's "Jew of Mal- •
ta." Puritanism, the erstwhile and CS-
1 pedal victim of persecution by Crown ;
and Established Church, was now in I
I the ascendant under the leadership of 1 •
Oliver Cromwell. The Puritans were
a Bibliolatrous people; they loved and',
read their Bibles not only as the
basis of their religious philosophy but
also as the final arbiter and guide of
their political action. Not man, but ,
God alone, could be a king. A theoc- '
racy was their ideal of government.
In the execution of their political pro-
gram, as well as in defense of their i
general position in the premises, they
insistently appealed to the Old Testa-
ment for proof and arg,ument. The
New Testament was completely ig-
norefl. The hardy soldiers of Crom-
well's army, as they read their Bibles
in the nightly vigils of the battle-
field, and fighting as they believed they
were an unholy alliance of a faithless
king and a persecuting nobility and
priesthood, could find lathe New Tes-
tament story no models or figures com-
parable to the warriors and heroes of
ithe Old Testament. Thus was aroused
vivid and widespread interest in the i
a
I people of the Old Testament and their
curious persistence.
The Puritans were eager to see and

I

CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS

CADILLAC 2436

1401 MAJESTIC BLDG.

•ioamwoowszeoma. ■
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ROSH HASHONAH GRE ETING

To All of You From

The

(\,

A '

P'

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know more about this strange people
who already in that ancient (lay had
had experiences so similar to their
own. Their interest was fed by pub-
lish(s1 letters, addresses and pamphlets
of Manasseh ben Israel in Holland, I
who, sensing the situation across the!
channel, pleaded for the re-admission
of the Jews into - England. The lit-
erary and exegetical study of the Old I
Testament grew ever more intensive; I
the study of Hebrew expanded, and I
ber of Christian
extraordinary num
ogaists flourished. Messianic ex-1

li crt ti on, were re_barn and re.enwha.

sized. Groups of visionaries under
P
a variety of names, like Covenanters,
F 1 Fifth Monarchy Men, Levellers, Mil-
I hmnarians or Ultra-Republicans, were
(busy making propaganda for their mil-
.
1 lemal
creeds with precisely the same
arguments—and even greater clamor
are being used by the I'astor
—as
0, 1 Russellites and International Bible
0 Student's' association of our own cur-
I rent period. Fanciful explanations of
A the Lost Ten Tribes, and the ingath •
(-ring of the scattered remnants of
surviving Israel fro all corners of
1,' , the earth as a necessary preliminary to
the advent of the Messiah. were, of i
1
I ourse, all integral part of all such

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One who goes into the market to buy a motor
car today is naturally confused.
so
He has read the words best and greatest
often that they have ceased to be convincing.
be
Where all is best, he reflects, there can
no best.
Thousand-dollar cars have been described
to him in ten-thousand dollar language. And
vice versa.
an of adj ec-
He finds himself the target in a war
tives; the helpless victim in a gigantic com-
petition of words.
And so he is forced to rely on chance—the
advice of friends — or his own limited
experience.
Dodge Brothers, Inc., have never participated
in this verbal competition.
They are content with the position they have
long maintained in the far more vital compe-

I

0. H. MORTON

F. W. MORTON

COMPETITION IN WORDS

r
o

pr

ograms.

So tense and general was the Jew-
.
is hinterest of this period o ,n), .
ii,Wqhm.,
history—by no means devoid of Christ-1
_ _ ological motives, however—that the
proposal was seriously made by some
of Cromwell's officers that the Coun•
cil of State he composed of 70 mem-
bers to accord with the number of the
ancient Jewish Sanhedrin. In the Short
or Barebones parliament was a meni-
her, General Thomas Ilarrison, an
FOR
Anabaptist, whose party advocated the
introduction of the Mosaic law as the

as They Make Them

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7.11 ■■■■■■•■•■

OHN PETRIK

STATE SENATOR

:;•;

(REPUBLICAN)

5th District

2321.41.4) 8th to 14th Wards Incl.

THOMAS

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for the

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Ten Years•

Lawyer

J. 13oNeLe

INCORPORATE D

HighlandPark Motor Co.,

JUDGE OF RECORDER'S COURT

for the

Unexaggerated truth is not spectacular. But
in the long run. implicit public confidence has
been Dodge Brothers reward, and this they
by continuing to
propose to preserve forever
build just a little better than they tell.

WOODWARD AT MARTIN PL.

—
ALAN W. KENT

Prosecutor

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