A merka letrish periodical Carter

CLIFTON AVENUE • CINCINNATI 10, OHIO

PAGE THREE

TIE DITROF kl'ilS/ al VON ICU:

Ye'

may think of the Jews. whatever
Count Skrznyski may promise, the
numeral daUSUS Ironies, the Jews
on
get no credit facilities, no trading c
cessions, and the load of taxation is
B.
LAGBY
not lifted a fraction of an inch.
By
Is it any consolation to the starv-
Relations Determined by External ing Jews to know that the govern-
Poles and Jews — Their
ment
is nut aiming at them, that it is
Causes—The Position of Galician Jews Under Austrian
only aiming at the Ukrainians, and
Rule—The Struggle for Trade in the Towns As a
that they are being deprived of their
Cause of Polish Anti-Semitism— One Speaks
livelihood not because the government
is engaged in hostilities against them,
of Ukrainians and Means the Jews.
but only because it wants to get them
The position in Poland is growing! itin
tsessmen and artisans, are to be as non-combatants out of the tiring
to draft
steadily worse. The Jews are the ' replaced by Poles. The whole policy line so that it should be able
agains t
first to suffer as a result, and the of the Polish government during the in Polish fighters in the war
the
Ukrainians?
Does
it
matter
much
Jews would therefore do their level past three or four years has been
Or
best to help to improve conditions, for aimed at one single object—the sys- why you me being slaughtered?
sia van the Jew ever aspire to making
maybe
maybe , with the general improvement t
Russia
wns hy replacement
Poles. From
would come also an improvement in towns
of Soviet
Jews in
the ace between the Pole and the Uk-

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Jewish Life In Galicia

A. J. Bloomgarden
& Sons

2434 EAST MARKET STREET
Cadillac 9517

142 TWELFTH STREET
Lafayette 2480

—. .
=

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•
•

• Douglas Printing

COMPANY

COMPLETE
CREATIVE
SERVICE

the condition of the Jews. The Jews have come thousands of Polish *ex- rainian'
entered into the Polish-Jewish Agree- landowners, officials, army officers and
mod, they gave way on many mat- the like.
—
******(4
"" "*"111.111111.1"1118111
The elimination of the Jews start- -----------
tens, put a blind eye to lots of things.
accepted the word, not only of Count ill on the railways. As soon as Po-
land
took
over
Galicia
from
the
Uk-
Skrzynski, but even of the two both-
raine it "militarized the railways fur
ers Graliski—in brief, they did what-
ever they could in order to help on "strategic" reasons. All positions
is to
the improvement of the country, in were tilled by the milit ry — that a
the hope that they, too, would get a nay, by Pales • fur before the League
chance to breathe a little Mare easily. of Nations issued its decision conceit-
But their hope's seem to have been all ing Galicia to Poland, neither Ukrain-
in vain. Poland, it is now seen, will lams in Jew's in Galicia were allowed
in the end survives the present crisis to enter the army. And Inter on when
a
Wish You
and become again financially and et? , the army was opened to the Jews, the
neinically stably. But the position of railways were demilitarized, and the
the Jews will continue as disastrous johs were kept by the Poles. The te-
as it is now. At last the Jews have ,ult was that Jews who had been em-
realized this fact and it was the played on the railways for 15 and 20
"Agreement"
which opened their eyes years were thrown out of employment
;:iiiNgit
and of course they go I l a no pension.

Otto
Schemansk y

Sons
E
-_- -_ -
g_---
g
P. Wholesalers of Carload Lots of Fruits ---,..
A Happy
=--
B
and Vegetables.
New
Year
z.- -_
---
.--
In other institutions it was not quite
People
imagined
that
it
all
depend-
.
.---_
s o easy to get rid of the Jews • Vert-
Zinbstones
•ed on the political position Of the
The ruling classes. it was i IIS methods were tried. The Jewish
l u imummil 111011111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 111111111111111111111111111111111111111 country.
thought, did not grasp the fact that ' officials were transferred from town
timer!
E
Mon
22051213011105300321010111311331111201 the persecutions against the Jews t o town. The inability to take their
were injurious to the interests of the families with them un their unwilling
.:,,,migirocomiasularim 1012IPIPPIIMP2112110301111020111205:211 ,03

5432 GRAND RIVER AVENUE
WALNUT 6401

■

HOYT'S
LAUNDRY

country as a whole, and that as soon touring expeditions, the housing
g' as they realized that this was the shortage which made it impossible for
ease, everything would change for the thou to it up house in the places to
better and the position of the Jews. wt.', h they had been shifted, the gen-
how- ,sell offensive conducted against them, t_,
a would be safe. The "Agreement,"
Established 1883.
i over lies shown that the rules have :ill helped to decide Jewish official at- • - : 1 -.
3
_ ' come to realize the position and yet ter Jewish official to throw up his job 4
t--
-t
than
they
in
despair
or
in
disgust—exactly
what
Purchase
Detroit Made
Id
. the Jews are no better
were, and worst of all there seems t' , it had been hoped they would do. And
Monuments.
..,.. every
Jew
who
was
got
rid
of
in
this
P
-
4 1 be no hope of any improvement even . or any other may, was a Jew the less
ARTISTIC MEMORIALS
I ,! cinin hingoli,iilii,i,u,yting
has come true again: in public employment. Fur nu Jew
Of Every Kind.
am not for mysel who will be?" was given any sort of a job by the
tr; I "If I f,
•
If the Jews of Poland do not help government.
Shipping Expense.
Save
With the Civil Service cleared of its
FA ! themselves they will soon find them-
Jews the government next turned its
• s elves VOMICiiined to starvation.
555 FARNSWORTH 3. • • The fate of a fourth part of all Pol- , attention to the business world. Poles
PHONE EMPIRE 2257
were given all sorts of concessions,
is h Jewr y k at stake, the fate of
It is a pop ulation credit aids, etc. New banks were es-
3,0ou,000 souls.
New Location:
specially for the purpose of
and
tahlished
ultounding in great merchants
advancing the credit loans for which
factory owners, g reat scholars and
For help is needed not big SUMS were granted them by the
[ of
the mor, but also for those state hanks. It is true that all this
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-
-
y f
who still have sonic money left but el/St the state mations, exchange, and
whose livelihood has gone and whose upsetting the Polish
At Six-Mile Road.
:precipitating
a financial
crisis, but
it
economic future is menaced.
and
resulted
in
Every section of the Jewish popu- achieved its end—things became ink
Iation in Poland is in danger of los- possible for the Jews.
:0110100 00
More difficult still is the position of
ing 't livelihood—businessmen and the Jewish lawyer and the Jewish doe-
factory owners and the members of
tor. In addition, there is the numerus
the liberal professions.
In order to be able to find a solu- clausus at the schools which will see
crisis under to it that there should be no new Jew-
1000
I lion for the ee0110Mie
0000 0000000 0000 erte0 000 0114
40000000 CICH1 - 000P00011000-004100 -
which the Jew'; of Poland in general ish lawyers or doctors coming from
and iif Galicia in particular are by- , the universities to compete with the
it is necessary first to consider Poles. It is not so much the Jews as
thy causes which have brought about the Ukrainians that the government
has in mind in carrying out this pol-
the present-day catastrophe.
, - I shall attempt in this article to re- i l icy. The government is concerned to
veal the causes of the crisis in East-' fortify its position in case there is
'
ern Galicia. I am dealing with East. t war, and the Jews like any other
ern Galicia because every district in I peaceful section of the population
Poland has its own history and it is'. . h ave to suffer. The proof of this con-I
this history which determines the i tention that the government is not act- I
. present-day relations between the lo- I i ng against the Jews as Jews is at-
' cal Jews and non-Jews, and the his- forded by the fact that the govern-
LAFAYETTE 6106
l tory of Eastern Galicia is for many ment has acceded to all the Jewish
TWELFTH
reasons different from that of any of national demands, in regard to Jew-
ish
language,
organization
of
Jewish
coif.
c
t ao stht,e rrn part
' the
hr E
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Galicia 11:" e lfa oirri :the woe be- " communities and everything else that
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onged to Austria. The population : Austria so obstinately refused to
l
consisted chiefly of Ukrainians, who I grant. But whatever the government
I were called "Ruthenians," Poles and
I Jews, who constituted 13 per cent of
‘
Our Prize U. S. Government Attested Herd
Fran,
111011111111111111111111111111111111111 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
the population. All the peoples wh o
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Seed in All Our Restaurants.
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formed part of the former Austrian
Empire were animated by the desiro
•
to separate, to become independent.
wa s continually fighting
Vienna
against the propagation of separatist
ideas. Rua in the case of the Jews the
Michigan Avenue.
Austrian government had no need to
MICHIGAN LUNCH - 22
Majestic Bldg.
: fear. The Jews were everywhere in,
MAJESTIC SERVESELF — Basement
a minority and separatist ideas stood
and Griswold
THE GRISWOLD LUNCH— Clifford
, no chance among them . They were',
i
always on the side of the government;
THE CADILLAC LUNCH-132 Michigan Avenue
!
( they all knew German, they read the
Vienna papers—in short, they were
LAFAYETTE LUNCH - 242 Lafayette Blvd.
in
the
whole
Austrians
even
I the only true For
PARK LUNCH — Park and Adams
en the few Ger man
' of G ali c . i a.
Seven Mile and Northrup Roads
m ans e had a ssinii-
B. F. & S. FARM —
i n the provi
col on
I colonists
533
Rivard
lated
with
the
Poles,
if they were I
—
,
B. F. & S. BAKING COMPANY
I Catholics, or had re-emigrated to Ger-
_
_
.
_
any
if
they
were
Protestants.
"Aus-
______ __________ _ ____
_
trian s" they refused to e. The Poles
1,m
and the Ukrainians of ourse, thought
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- ..„0, 0 I
- Am
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i only of gaining their independence.
eteset•S
Wte
The government in Vienna knew that
ISVS10:1000.1,SWAVetlet
le,
!and it therefore supported the Jews,
r
i attended to the welfare so that they
0,
;should have cause to stay in Galicia.
' Galicia was, therefore, full of Jew-
ish small towns where the Jews lived
.
in peace and prosperity. There was
plenty of money a out. All the gov-
ernmental offices employed Jewish of-
,
ficials—the post office. the railways,.
the law courts. the labor exchanges,
JAMES W. HOZACK
and even the army. Practically all
the lawyers and doctors were Jews.
Jews were contractors to the army
and the railways. In Russia the Jews
had to employ a non-Jew as a figure-
head if they wanted to get a govern-
ment contract, so that the contract
should he nominally held by the non-
' I Jew. In Eastern Galicia things were
just the reverse. If a non-Jew there
AVEVCVSISICISWOM
wanted to be in business he had to
litstWAIM IESSV ISVMSISIANS
WS VC•41 10 1VISVIA
r r
r
rat ran ran ran rP11 PEPE.
S
secure a Jewish partner, for other-
"tninnrard111-2nOrliala Udl 11.1 U.1
wise he could not get his credits. The
REDinat. "21111
a
Jews took a prominent part even in
agriculture. There were many Jew.
ish landowners and very many of the
farmers on the non-Jewish estates
were Jews . The Poles did not like
B
this state of affairs but they were un-
able to prevent it. The government
in Vienna exercised firm control. All
the Jews were left in peace. If any
I Of the local aristocrats acted unfairly
towards the Jews—it was reported
immediately to Vienna and justice
W done. One thing, however, there
was which Vienna obstinately refused
' to do for the Jews: it refused to rye.
(Vila(' them as a nationality. The
[Austrian Empire had surfeit of re-
! tionalities ;it wanted to have a few
"Austrians" as well, and "Austrian'
3 0
ran ran r,IrP11
the Jews were--heart and soul!
g was
b.ft-111-1W_13111Pfil21112
A fter the war ever y thin
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ne ed of "Aun -
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Change d. P oland had no
triers." In Eastern Galicia where
O
O
Poland is compelled to wage an iron-
O
handed policy against the Ukrainians
*
as
the government wants to have
O
O
0 many Poles as possible, full-blooded
Poles. on whom it could depend in case
ilnSti•
re
a remote
0 of war, by all means
The villages
bility in these parts.
mostly Ukrainian, and the new
O are
is largely intend-
:3 agrarian reform law
1 ed to enable it to settle as many
0
*
Poles
an
possible
on
the confiscated
O
' t
estates.
But the settlement of people en the
• -•
et land costs money and a great deal of
* money at that. And money is very
scarce in Poland just now. Si, the
o government is trying to create a P i-
ith majority in the towns. The Jew

A Happy New Year
To All!

L

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301 CONGRESS STREET WEST

Randolph 4451

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May The coming year be
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SEASON'S GREETINGS

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