1441 rp riturrp o s n oiguel
PAGE FOUR
tongues, onely beginning logick in the
morneing towards the latter end of
the yeare • • •"
In order to qualify for the first de-
greeff was required of "Every S•hol-
ler that upon proofe is able to read
extempore the pentateuch of (or) the
New Testament into I.antine out of
the original! tongues, and be skilled
Manufacturers of
in logick • • ""
In Increase Mather's "Remarkable
Providencem" is found this curious
MATTRESSES AND BOX
passage:
SPRINGS
"Not long since Fran. Mercur. Het-
moot, designing to teach a deaf 1111fll
Wholesale Only.
to speak, lO/Ild WIWI it would be more
easily practicable if the experiment
! were made with an eastern wide-
3755-57 BEAUBIEN STREET
mouthed language which does remark-
ably exp.e to the eye the motions of
Phones: Melrose 4623.6534
the
lips, tongue and throat. Accord-
9
ingly he tried with the Hebrew tongue
and in a short time his dumb scholar
%%Vt.% % •••••%•1‘11)) became an excellent Ilebraician."
, It is not to be inferred, of course,
r0! that all this attention to Hebraic study
'IF was prompted solely by motives of
pure scholarship or of disinterested
love for Judaism. While it is true
that its purpose was, Os Henry I)un-
ster, the first president of Harvard,
To all our friends and pat-
expressed it, "to advance learning and
perpetuate it to posterity; dreading to
rons we wish a Happy and
leave an illiterate ministery to the
l'rosperous New Year.
churches, when our present ministers
shall lie in the dust," it is also true
that the study of Hebrew was pur-
sued largely with the desire to bring
°I the lost sheep of Israel within the
SAM POSNER, Prop.
fold of Christianity. Such sheep be-
ing relatively rare, or absent, in this
5768 HASTINGS ST.
early period of New England history,
the missionary efforts of John Eliot,
Northway 2192
and others, were directed to the In-
dians in the belief "that our Indians
. SEASON'S CJ REETINCjS
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James Conley
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WEIGHING-IN TIME FOR HOLY LAND INFANTS
An infant•welf•re station in Jerusalem where mothers of all races and creeds are given practic•l training in
the raising of their babies as part of the public health program carried out by Hadassah, the American Women's
Zionist organization. Nathan Straus, prominent American philanthropist, is active in Hadassah's infant welfare
Special Toasted Sandwiches.
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work, particularly in furnishing pasteurized milk for the babies of the Holy Land.
uel Stone, is regarded by Fiske as
Established 1910.
are the posterity of the dispersed and thority of English laws, adopted the the real founder of American demos:-
rejected Israelites, concerning whom Pilgrim Code whose foreword reads:
racy. The colony of New Haven,'
ROSH HASHONAH GREETINGS
our God has promised that they shall
"It was the great privilege of Israel adopted as the platform of its code 1
yet be saved by the deliverer coming of old and sop was acknowledged by in 16:19 the following declaration: "It
to turn away ungodliness from them. them, Nehemiah the ninth and tenth Was ordered that the judicial laws
MANUFACTURERS AND JOBBERS
Ile saw the Indians using many para-
of God, as they were delivered by
bles in their discourses; much given. that God gave them right judgments Muses, and as they are a fence to the
Window Shades made to order, any style, size or price.
to anointing of their heads; much de- and true Lawes. They are for the moral law, being neither typical nor I
Inlaid Linoleum..
Rubber Matting:
Curtain Rods.
lighted in (lancing, especially after inayne so exemplary, being grounded ceremonial, nor had any reference to
CADILLAC 1650
victories; computing their time by on principles of moral equitie as that Canaan, shall be accounted of moral
669 GRATIOT AVENUE
nights and months; giving dowries all Christians especially ought alwaies equity, and generally bind all offen-
for wives " • • and accustoming to have an eye thereunto in the fram- ders, and be a rule of all the courts ■ t.
themselves to grievous mornings and ing of their politique constitutions. We in this jurisdiction in their proceed- I
yelling for the dead; all of which were can, safely say both for ourselves and ings against offenders, till they be
usual things among the Israelites. He for them that We have had an eye branched out into particular here-
also saw some learned men looking for principally unto the aforesaid plat- after."
the lost Israelites in America. And forme in the framing of this small
So rigid was New Haven's plat-
a few small arguments, or, indeed, body of Lawes." In the Massachu-
form of adherence to the Mosaic law
but conjectures meeting with a fa- settes Conley, John Cotton was the
that
it refused to have trial by jury
vorable disposition in the hearer will most vigorous and persistent advo-
because no such thing could he found
carry conviction with them, especially cate of the introduction of the Mo-
in
the
Pentateuch. Forty-seven out of
if the report of a Menasseh ben Israel saic code for the legal government of
the colony. "Stoves, His Judicials," 79 statutes in the New Haven Code
be tee back them."
of
1665
derived their authiirity from
was published by him in 1641, with
But whatever the motives of these
the purpose of adapting the Old Tes- both the Old and New Testaments.
early Puritans in the pursuit of their tament legislation to the needs of the Of these, only nine are from both
Established 1888.
Hebraic studies, there can be no doubt New England colonies. It was a body Testaments; while the remainder, or
38, are altogether from the Old Tes-1
about their .Judaic results. The con- of laws almost exactly reproducing
tament.
those of the Pentateuch; Old Testa-
sequent interest in and hive for the
Let it be judged, as is often super-
ment precedents and models were
Ohl Testament, with its story of an-
used; and not accepted; but in its ficially and not altogether disinterest-
cient Israel's priests and prophets,! its
stead, another very much akin in im- edly done, that the legalism of the
tribulations and experiences so much
portant details, the "Body of Liber- Old Testament peculiarly lent itself
like their own, its legislation, its !out-
ties," drawn up by Nathaniel Ward, to the austerity of the Puritan tem-
look upon life—all at the exrahisis,
also q Ilebraist, was adopted in 1617. perament, it should not be forgotten
more or less, of the New Testament
The Connecticut Code of 1650 was that the same Old Testament was used
—was quite inevitable. The dontimint
likewise drawn after the Mosaic mod- with equal forte as the infallable
influence of the Old Testament in the
el. The leader of the Connecticut (col- source and sanction of toleration and
p 'laical, legal, ethical and social life
ony, originally from Massachusettes, liberalism. Roger Williams, America's
of the early l'uritans of New England
was Thomas Hooker, a liberal Puri- first and uncompromising champion of
is plainly evident from a mere glimpse tan who also sought his authority civil and religious liberty, WAS a Ile-
into their legislative and institutional
from the Old Testament and who, braist and Old Testamentarian. So,
records. In the year 1636, the Plym-
together with John Haynes and Sam- too, was Thomas Hooker, leading
outh Colony, after renouncing the au-
spirit of the three river towns in
Connecticut whose confederation
formed the nucleus of the New Eng-
111111111•1
01.1111111110•161111111.1111111.
land Confederacy in 1621. It was this
4111111Malall.01.81.11.011112111•1•1111111.°111111. 1111111•1an
confederacy which served as the basis
of the later great con federation of
the 13 . states of America, and which,
therefore, in the opinion of some his-
torians, became the real foundation
of our American democracy. These
two men, and others of their contem-
poraries, were inspired to protect
against ecclesiasticism and to advo-
cate the secularization of the civil
power of the state by the same Old
Testament from which the opposing
Puritans had claimed a corresponding
authority.
It should also be remembered, as
Fiske has pointed out, that differences
of opinion among the Puritans sel-
dom related to points of doctrine, but
almost always to points of church gov-
ernment or religious discipline. "For
the most part. they were questions on
the borderland between theology and
politics." Such glory, therefore, as
Judaism may claim in having influ-
enced, through its Bible, the rise of
democracy a nd civil liberty, is in no
wise dimmed. And if, in the exercise
of such influence, the relative value
of the Old and the New Testaments is
to be measured, the result will be
found to be not at all unflattering to
the Old Testament. As between the
two, indeed, competent and unbiased
historians have not hesitated to de-
SYMPATHETIC SERVICE
clare in favor of the latter. Lecky
("Rationalism in Europe," revisal edi-
tion, 1919, Vol. IL, P. 163), has ob-
served: "To ascertain the true mean-
Office, Chapel
ing of passages of Scripture is the
business not of the historian but of
the theologian, but it is at least an
historical fact that in the great ma-
jority of instances, the early Protes-
tant defenders of civil liberty derived
their political principles chiefly from
the Old Testament, and the defenders
of despotism from the New. The re-
bellions that were no frequent in
Jewish history formed the favorite
topic of the one—the unreserved
submission inculcated by St. Paul, of
the other.
When, therefore, all the principles
of right and wrong were derived from
theology, and when by the rejection
of tradition and ecclesiastical au-
thority Scripture became the sole ar-
biter of theological difficulties, it was
a matter of manifest importance in
ascertaining the political tendencies of
any sect to discover which Testament
was most congenial to the tone and
complexion of its theology." Le Lave.
leye, writing in similar vein, says:
"The Reformation • • • was a
return to primitive Christianity, and
above all towards the democracy of
the prophets of the Old Testament,
which was alive with the breach of
liberty and resistance to absolutism.
It tended towards the birth of re-
publican and constitutional institu-
tions."
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