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PAGE EIGHT
\\\■■■■■■■■•■ 111.1101110MILIM11011.110110 ■ WII:V=WWW (Co l
J. LEE BAKER CO.
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7
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Paul Ehrlich and His Works
By REGINA F. STOLZ
tient, and would kill -them with only
one dose; for just as the horse that
furnishes anti-toxin becomes im-
mune to diphtheria, germs may be-
come immune to a drug. Therefore
if it is•used more than once, it may
be worse than no treatment at all.
.00000-...t.G.,:ioakm).-040.0.00....00-o-oo
Member of Florists
Telegraph Delivery.
VIRGINIA
Flower Shop
"Paul Ehrlich was as temperament- see very readily by their color, if
0! . al as a prima donna," said one of his leant cells had combined with the
The difficulties in finding such a
,
doulents to Ise. This seems a strange same substance. That he was work- drug seemed almost overwhelming, .
0 comment to make about scientist ing with dyes was obvious to his fel- but Ehrlich was industrious. Ile first
%eho had the patience to synthesize 911 low-kt talents, for he would often up- tried to make a compound that would
FA different chemical compounds before pear in class with his cuffs spotted cure sleeping sickness. After 419
he found a suitably cure for syphilis, with the bright colors he had been us- different chemicals had been made,
Since 1907.
he discovered one that would cure
✓ who performed the exacting experi- ing.
DEPENDABLE FLOWERS OF ALL OCCASIONS
His early research led to two dis- mice of the disease, but would neither
ments required to find a standard
Developers of
coveries
of
great
diagnostic
value.
kill the germs outside the body of
strength for diphtheria antitoxin—a
White blood corpuscles, practically in- the animal, nor in human beings.
• scientist recognized as the founder of
,4-0-00-4-00**4-00 , 0000-0elsele
visible under the microscope unless However, this drug proved to be al _O-Ce******0 GOO esee***000 0 nehti<100
• a new branch of medicine, chemo-
be studied
••••••••
di s e ase i n cattle, T exa s I ASN-Vs% •••••%•••••••••••••
therapy,
and
a
winner
of
the
Nobel
they
are
stained,
could
not
•••••• •••
A
cure for "
prize. One ordinarily imagines that until a suitable dye for them could be cattle fever. Thus Ehrlich's work ,
great research men are calm, steady found. Ehrlich discovered such a sub- was of benefit not only to man but I
.wmahm‘m,wm•wibms-wkskIKI individuals. But,Ehrlich was differ- stance which affected only 011e of the even to animals. While no successful
several kinds of white blood corpus- cure fur sleeping sickness resulted
Wh,'Whwklmiklawm,.
Ile was x genius.
ect.
While studying this variety, from this work, his theory that a drug t
•eles.
With the exception of his paternal
4/,
*C)**************-0-0(H:40004•00001:f0-0•00-009-00004:104:10000.00-00 (grandfather, who delivered lectures on known as tisinophiles, he noticed that will affect only specific cells was con- j
of 90, Ehrlich's they constituted only four per cent of firmed when he found that the same A
OFFICE, SECOND FLOOR ;
9425 GRAND RIVER AVENUE
physics at the age
total quantity of white blood cells substance, ineffective outside the f;•
family was not unusual—just busi; the
•
in a normal person, hut in the blood body, could kill germs in contact with
•
MOTOR TRUCK SERVICE
mess men living
v'
in the town t,f Stroh-
patient suffering with hookworm, the proper cells.
/
6-ton Dump Trucks.
ten, Silesia, where Paul was born in ."f
to 10•ton Stake Trucks
their number ruse to IM per cent (if
Then
he
turned
his
attention
to
a
A
1954. At school he early displayed te whole. In other words, his discov-
My Own Dumping Grounds.
cure for syphilis, which is caused by
his rharacteristie trait of working shy of
stain made 1t possible for a totally different kind of germ. In I ci
•
•
1.
furiously at an>t ing t a in
BY HOUR, DAY, WEEK, CONTRACT
thing &.k o. A s physicians to observe some of the addition to the 418 drugs synthesized
0
him, and ignoring e very
changes of the blood in disease, and in the effort to cure sleeping sickness, I
Ton or Yard Carload, My Specialty.
/
a result, his general record washy no. i through a "blood count," familiar to
j.
means brilliant. At the universities d! all who have had a physical examinee- he made Deli additional new cherni- lj
CALL ANY TIME — DAY OR NIGHT
an
cats before he found one effective •I
in Breslau, Strasburg, Freiburg,
Win, to detect certain disorders.
against syphilis . Ile compared hits- 1:
Leipzig, he showed the same tendency.;
GARFIELD 4403 — EUCLID 2239
Ile found that bacteria, too, have an self to a general attacking a fort at of
,
In fact, his degree of doctor of metfi -, aflinity for certain chemicals. Robert
WISH YOU THE SEASON'S GREETINGS
4!
I
eine was withheld for a year because Koch had isolated, with gnat ditli- the top of a hill from all sides. But •
his task was more difficult than that ,048.000 ,00,00 ,sooms,Avo.%%%%%%woomsiviA•000,%%‘%%%•,sesso,
he was unable to pass the examination', cult•, the germ causing tuberculosis,
of a general, and fur more subtle.
in certain branches of the subject I
••••• Vsl e
germ very difficult to distinguish be- The i nge nu ity to plan his attack. did toestssswowoweerAws%wswsyselMSW•••
which he considered too dull to be' cause
a
it resembles some other sub- the industry necessai•y to (mussy it out
was so o hs
worth studying. But he
stances very closely. Ehrlich found, can be appreciated only by those who I
viously a competent investigator in his however, that while all bacteria are
have worked in a chemical taboret- t;
1. chosen tivIeLe that although he never
uo***0.0"004:8)*****.0.0.0***0.0.0.„:„0„."..000000004).000,0*.ca>01.1 made up his - deficiencies, the faculty -I I stained reel with a certain dye, the tory. The final capture of the fort
tubercle bacillus alone will retain the resulted in untold benefits to man.
I
s. granted him his degree.
redness in dilute acid solution. This
The drug he ultimately found, a de-
IIL• worked in Berlin under Robert discovery makes it very easy to iden-
for a
rivative of arsenic and a coal tar pro-
Koch, famous bacteriologist,
tify the tuberculosis germ by merely duct, is technically known as 'daisy- 1 ,
number of years. Koch was a plod- staining a slide under the proper con-
diamide-arsenobenzol," and popularly ;
der, but Ehrlich, like the great Pas- ditions. If the germ is present, it
known as "salvarsan," or "000" be- I
teur whom he resembled both in ap- will stand out because of its color.
cause it was the sixth hundred and fr
pearance and in ability, was a genius.
Possibly because of temperamental Investigations in the cause, diagnosis, sixth different substance he had made.
differences, and possibly because he I and treatment of tuberculosis have Before its success was definitely es- I
been enormously aided by Ehrlich's talilished, it had been tested on thou ;
was a Jew, it seemed difficult for Ehrs I
sands of people. Difficulties in admin-
lich to work with Koch at the Insti- w'lrk
Having found that simple things istering it had to be overcome. While
lute in Berlin. It was something of like blood cells and bacteria show et
it did not cure all cases permanently, j
n I relief to the Berlin faculty to pack marked affinity fur certain chemicals, it was fur more effective than any I
Ehrlich off to Steglitz, a town outside he next tried to show that within the
previous treatment of the disease. But t;
the capital, where he might continue same animal sonic cells will unite
sometimes it caused Ivry distressing
his investigations of diphtheria anti- with a substance while others will
symptoms to the patient, and it was
toxin, and probably more of a relief not He injected a bjue dye into a
always difficult to standardize and ad- "W".""""%"""."'"""S"'"""%""%%""*""
when the government made him direc- rabbit and after a few hours killed
minister. Therefore Ehrlich did nuts
tor of the Royal Institute for Experi- it. Upon dissection, he discovered
consider it a perfect drug.
mental Therapeutics at Frank-fort-on that it was absolutely normal except
Consequently, he made 309 more
thy-Main, at a safe distance from all that its entire nervous system was
cc wounds until he found nodsalvar-
universities. stained blue. The conclusion natu- san, or "914," which was just as ef-
Ehrlich, too, seemed satisfied to go rally follows that, since all cells had
fective in combating the germ, rind in
COMPLIMENTS OF
to Frankfort. Far less able men than an equal opportunity to combine with some cases less irritating to the pa-
he had been awarded full professor- the dye, and one kind actually did
tient. Some physicians prefer 000,,
,
and
honors,
while
he
a
shits titles
shi
unite %rah it, that kind m oust have others 914, but both agree that these
Jew, was kept on a salary of less than had a natural attraction for the sub- compounds are a great advance in the
$1,000a
year.
Nor
would
it
have
been
antie
treatment of syphilis.
e !
comfortable for him to stanc
This experiment led Ehrlich to be-
Chemical laws enabled Ehrlich to!
have bert
havebeen
pa of a university facul lieve, that he might be able to find predict approxinnitely wharthe prop-
ally ostracized. Frankfort, a chemical deadly to disease germs erties of his new compounds, neither
FLOWERS FOR ALL OCCASIONS
ty, but
JOS. SCHEMANSKY, Mgr.
then without a university, was a suit- but with no tendency to combine with found in nature nor ever made by
city.
any of the cells in the human body. man before, would be. But it was only
Deliveries to All Parts of the City.
P able
Peum
His life there was very pleasant. He Consequently he began to tackle the thi•ough hard work that he was able
FA
was married to a wealthy andchallis,: problem of resistance to poisons and to lind the specific drug for which he
In Foreign Languages If Desired.
ins woman, and they lived in a beet
was looking.
tifully furnished home in which Ehr-
Ehr- lii""se• Ile was the first person who
NORTHWAY 5405
FA
1476 HOLDEN at TRUMBULL
established the fact that animals can
Distinguished before the success of ;
RANDOLPH STREET
I lids always took great delight. They be made immune to vegetable poi- salvarsan, he was even more honored
had
two
daughters,
one
of
whom
is
Cadillac 4692
sons. He injected certain poisons afterward. His list of titles, honorary
FA
FA
now the wife of a very promising into mice, at regular intervals, grad- degrees, and lo(fairary professorships I
Branch: 1857 E. Grand Blvd.
Ehrlich was most
mathematician.
ally increasing the dose. After is long. And yet, on account of Ilis
!
affectionate toward his family, and en-
of this sort, a mouse would religion, he was never made an oruln
, ow no symptoms of illness when nary professor with teaching (lath-.
-
given a dose of poison strong enough Even if it meant the loss of prestigo,
.............. amounassammunamatiall0111111111111fillfills, " """""nlY happy home sl
Ills friends, t, oo were interesting. to kill an ordinary animal. The sea- ..oet , ted positions. vial honors, he on -
His most intimate companion was his son for this effect, according to Ehr- furred to remain a Jew. When asked
cousin, co-worker, and con u an — lich, was that the body of the mouse if anti-Semitisin interfered with his
Weigert. He was also on very good was able to develop a substance that activity, one of his pupils replied, •
terms with the group of Jewish inter- would combine with the poison and "Nluiti can't stop a man like that from
national bankers in Frankfort, notab- make it harmless.
working." Nor did it prevent him
ly one of the Selionans, himself quite
H. WAINWRIGHT, Mgr.
Diphtheria anti-toxin is produced from winning the Nobel prize in 1909,1
a character. Seligman had come to by a similar action. Diphtheria bac- the highest honor a scientist can at-
America, joined in the old rush, be- feriagive off a poison, known as tain.
came an American citizen, returned to toxin. The toxin, separated from the
It seems almost incredible that one-
Frankfurt and entered the banking bacteria, is injected into a horse, nervous, eccentric little man, handi-
business. During the Civil V, ar, he which becomes ill fur a few days and, capped by both his health and his re-
floated Union loans on the continent . like the mouse, recovers. If blood is ligion, should himself have accom-
while England was selling Confeeler- . then drawn from the horse, the liquid plished so much, and should have
ate bonds. He always flew the flag "Plseparating from the clot, known as made the road of many other investi-
the 4th of July and on Mashington s , serum, has the power of rendering. gators less difficult, within a life of 111
, birthday, and although taxes were I diphtheria toxin harmless, and hence years. Some of his work was funda-
three times as high fur aliens as for i known as anti-toxin. The horse mental in its field--the cure of disease
' citizens, Seligman never gave up his has developed the ability of resisting by drugs synthesized for that partic-
---- allegiance to the United States. the toxin. Ehrlich found that the ular purpose. Scientific theories and
':
a laWall • VaMa W kli s%Ial411•1411
- strength of the anti-toxin could be technique change rapidly, but now, 11 SA W AVIlV a lliNVOSNWs lO A N NW A W
Ehrlich himself came very near set
11111MIII
I
Bing in America, where his work was increased by giving the horse succes- years after his death, a specialist in
I511111111111111111111111111111111111 0 Wtiiiiimmunnum mini
CONFIRMATIONS
—
GRADUATIONS
— WEDDINGS
appreciated much more than in Ger- sively larger doses of toxin at regular immunology declares that his funda- •
many. When he came to the Linser- intervals. It ssasiMakif course, advia- mental work still remains sound, and
ts.
sity of Chicago in 1904 to receive the able to have ;•trongicntidoxin, but it that his experimental work stands ab-
MADE DAY OR NIGHT
honorary degree of LL.D., he stated was also necessary to know just how solutely without a flaw—a remark-
that he would have remained in this strong it was so that a physician able tribute to any investigator.—
country had he been five years young- could know how much to use.
li'nai B'rith Magazine.
Before Ehrlich's work, the amount
er. In Germany he was handicapped
, not only by anti-Semitism, but by a of anti-toxin to be injected into a
I peculiarity in sorts:h. Be had a habit patient had to be determined by
, of clipping off the ends of his senten- chance, but he devised a method for
for
' ces. Since the point of a German sen- testing the potency of the serum. The
tense usually comes in the last few government at once recognized the
$5 Discount on 525 Pictures or • $3
words, one could hardly blame- his value of putting into the hands of
Present this Ad and receive
Discount on $12 Pictures.
scientific audiences if they were un- every physician an anti-toxin of
Cad. 2679
able to grasp his meaning or the sig- known strength, and Ehrlich was im-
2646 John R.
High Class Work it Very Reasonable Price..
/
nifwance of his work. In America, on mediately put in charge of a govern-
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Knell Beauty Shoppe
the other hand, he was known only ment institute in Steglitz, whose pur-
through his writings which were as pose was to test and standardize
lucid as his speech was incomprehen- serum.
Three years later, in 1999, he was
Bible.
But speaking was not his favorite made director of the Royal Institute
pursuit. He loved to work. At times tot Experimental Therapeutics at
— he would become so enthusiastic that Frankfort-on-the-Main. The chief
he would remain in the laboratory all duty of the institute was to examine
night to finish an experiment—and samples of all anti-toxin before it was
1800 E. FOREST
then he would not appear again for put on the market. Manufacturers of
several days. He was exceedingly serum were compelled to have their
MELROSE 0022
nervous, probably tubercular in his products tested both for purity and
youth, and diabetic during much of strewth, and the money paid by
his life, but still he refused to take ' them for the analysis was devoted to
care of himself. He took no physical the upkeep of the institute. Thus,
exercise and snaked inveterately. He
--e at the same time, anti-toxin was made
imported an especially strong brand safe for use by the average physician
of cigar for his own use, so strung and research was fostered.
Ehrlich then turned his attention
that no one else in the laboratory could
smoke even a single one, while Ehr- to curative drugs. According to his
lich would consume from 15 to 35 in own statement, he set out to find an
I a day! One knew when he had been ideal substance that would kill dis-
at work when he saw cigar butts scat- ease Berms without injuring the pa
' tered here and there.
So much smoking no doubt con-
, tribute(' to his nervousness which
made him a difficult person to work ,
with amicably. Ile quarreled with al-1
most every man with whom he came
Hours 9 A. M. to 7 P. M.
Randolph 3751; i i her0 4911
in close contact, professionally. with
perhaps two exceptions. These two
FOUR
EXPERT
MEN
BARBERS
was
most
men, however, say that he
lovable and tender. One of them told
with
gifts
..II
me that he sae Al/Wel.
from Ehrlich, and that he frequently
received two letters from the great
man, before he had replied to the first.
Temperamental though he may have
been, he has the distinction of being
a notable person without a hubby.
His work, his family, his friends, and
the occasional perusal of a German
translation of American dime novels
Permanent Waving — Eugene and Frederic Methods.
kept him occupied. He read with great
rapidity, both fiction and science, and'
in both, he skipped everything that
"LOOK YOUR BEST"
bored him.
His real interest in life, his work.
lay along the border line between
chemistry and medicine. He was try-
Specialize in All Branches of Beauty Culture.
ing to determine the effects of vast-
, ous chemicals on living cells. While
he was still a student, he began to
work out the effect of different aniline
306
dyes on various kinds of animal tis-
His basic idea was that every
sue.
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' cell has a strong tendency to
combine with certain chemical*, land
I no two different kinds of cells unite ,
19
!with t e same chemical with equal I h
i ease. The use of dyes enabled him to
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