filencritorqmsn el RON int THEDFIKOIT EIVIS/1 611.021104 beings whose distress must evoke a sympathetic re- sponse among all sensitized men and women. 1/1ill ONLY TM. MM. ll/t1 PR114114/ 101 Published Weekly by The Jewish Chronicle Publishing Co„ JOSEPH J. CUMMINS, President JACOB MARGOLIS, Editor JACOB H. SCHAKNE, General Manager Iola. •t the PostolBee at Detroit Mich.. under the Act of Meech 11, 1879. itntlettoi as Second-deo. me ter hi erch 8, General Offices and Publication Building 525 Woodward Avenue Cable Addresst Chronicle London Mr 14 Stratford Place, London, W. 1, England. eleplwnet Cadillac 1040 When a catastrophe visits a land in the form of an earthquake, a flood, a famine, do the socially conscious ask : What is their religion? They have never done so in the past, so why should they do so in this instance? Although it is true that the Jews of America have sent $60,000,000 to their unfortunate brothers in Eu- rope and are now collecting $15,000,000 for the same purposes, is no valid reason why others should not aid in the work of mercy. and rehabilitation. It has ever been the proud boast of Jewry that it took care of its own_ It is true that the United Jewish $3.00 Per Year Subscription, in Advance Campaign undertook to carry the burden and did not call upon the outside world to help, but in the present To Insure publication. all corrierpondence and news matter must reach this office by Tuevday evening of each week. instance the needs arc so numerous and urgent that — The Detroit Jewl h Chronicle Invitee correspondence on enhhecte of Interest even should David A. Brown and his co-workers raise to ;be Jewinh people. hot disclaim. reepon•fhlins for an Indorsement of the views expressed by the writers. $25,000,000 or even more they will not be able to re- lieve and assist but a .fraction of those in the direst Sivan 29, 5686 Junell, 1926 distress. Friim the very inception of the J. D. C. movement, we have insisted that the acute problems of Russian and Polish Jewry were not specifically Jewish prob- Professor Moscicki, a noted chemical engineer of lems. The propaganda of anti-Semites placed all the Upper Silesia, was elected president of the Polish Re- responsibility for Bolshevism upon the Jews, yet curi- public after Joseph Pilsudski had refused to accept the ously it happened that the greatest sufferers in Russia position. • were the Jewish tradesmen,, speculators and burgoise Pilsulski, in a brutally frank manner, stated that he generally. At this date no person with any acquaint- could not function effectively under the limitations of ance with the facts of Russia believes the infantile the present constitution. He was a man of action and charge that Bolshevism is a Jewish invention. With became restive when he discovered the corruption, in- that canard out of the way, the only matter 'which trigue and crookedness and was powerless to cut the should be considered by reasonable men and women is: knot at one blow. He makes specific and categorical What can be done to mend the broken lives and for- charges ofpalfeasance, bribery and corruption against ry tun's of those people who find it is diftic:ilt to adjust many of tile old regime. Therefore, he advocated that and accommodate themselves to the new order? election of Professor Moscicki, who had no political As to Polish, Roumanian and Bessarabian Jewry, it motives. It is true that the new president will be but is simply a question of relief. No one holds the Jews a figurehead who will do as directed by Pilsudski. If of these countries responsible for the plight in which the administration is honest, non-discriminatory and de- they find themselves. voted to the interests of all the Polish people, it does Enlightened Gentile America has never failed to not make such a great difference if certain administra- respond in any emergency. We feel certain that in this tive officials do not exercise unusual authority. instance it will come to the aid of its brothers and It may be charged that dictatorship is contrary to prove that the Brotherhood of Man is more than a high democratic principles. In the cases of Russia and It- sounding phrase. aly this was, no doubt, true, but from present evidences 4 Poland Changes Her Method. in Poland there has been no deprivation of civil liber- ties after the'accomplishment of the revolutiA. One can hardly call the present regime a dictatorship until it actually practices dictatorial methods. The action of the Club of Jewish Deputies in vot- ing for Pilsudski is indicative of confidence on the part of the Jewish masses. From all reports to date, this confidence is justified, and we certainly hope that noth- ing will happen that will cause them to regret_their actions. Prior to the coup d'etat it was freely predicted that should any change occur in Poland the Jews would be the chief sufferers. This prediction was based upon f tihteosoe fptahset er ise n c a tnhde N , t flo7a l s y tsj u a s t itrioe':h1Cy In p ex a p ster eix e p n e c Jew in the event of upheaval, one ingredient of great impottance has been usually overlooked. One must examine the revolutions in Russia and Hungary to discover the determining factors provoca- tive of pogroms. In the revolutionary laboratory of Russia, there was an original revolution which over- threw czardom. This was followed by strictly speak- ing counter revolutions of Kerensky and the Bolsheviki. After the Soviets were established, counter revolution- ary movements, under Kolchak, Denikin, Petlura, and Yudenich with varying success and for limited periods and over limited areas were organized. Every chauvinist, reactionary movement was anti- Semitic and pogromist. The atrocities committed by the bandits and assassins under Kolchak, Denikin, Pet- tu•a and Yudenieh transcend anything in the whole his- tory of the Jewish people. The revolutions under Mi- lukov and l,yvov, Kerensky and Lenin and Trotsky were marked by an almost total absence of anti-Semi- tic excesses. These revolutions were essentially demo- cratic and progressive without any special animus against any groups for religious or nationalist reasons. The lesser laboratory of Hungary reveals similar conditions. It is not accidental that Bela-Kan and Karolyi were not guilty of pogroms, while the Ilorthy regime bathed in blood of Jewish victims. Revolutionists take revenge upon those who have done them the greatest injury and if the offender is not real, an imaginary one will just as well serve the pur- pose. In Russia Czarism as a system was respon- sible for all the ills of the people. according to the groups from Milukov and Lenin. Those individuals who upheld czarism or capitalism were discriminated against, but had these individuals been able by some magic to have been metamorphosed into proletarians. there would have been no discriminations against any- body. All execrations would have been heaped upon a system—this intangible something. However, from Kolchak to Yudenich there were no real offenders. Therefore the eternal scape goat, the Jew, served as an excellent target into whose collective body all the poisons could be shot. We believe that Pilsudski is moved by democratic and progressive ideals which exclude no group in Po- land. The Jews were not responsible for the unhappy state of affairs. There were chauvinistic, reactionary and corrupt elements responsible. These were ousted with as little violence as possible, and had civilians minded their o'Wn business the casualties would have been negligible. More freedom, greater prosperity should come from the latest change in Polanti:s internal policy. Another $15,000,000 Drive/ We are pleased to note that the Amos'Society has undertaken to raise $15,000,000 to match the amount which the United Jewish Campaign is raising for Rus- sian settlement and European relief. The signatories are men whose sociaroutlook has enabled them to see the oneness of humanity. Dr. A. W. Anthony, Dr. Samuel Harden Church. Rev. George Elliott. Rev. Dr. Charles Fagnani, Rev. Dr. John Haynes Holmes, Rev. Dr. Frederick J. Lynch, Dr. David Starr Jordan, Edwin Markham. Dr. Nathaniel Schmidt, Vida D.-Scudder, William H. Short and Dr. George F. Moore call upon the Gentile world to prove that the Brotherhood of Man is not an idle phrase. And why should not the Gentile world assist the Jews of Russia to settle upon the land? Why should not the Gentile world help to feed the starving Jews of Poland and Bessarabia? The sufferers are human New York and Free Speech. The Board of Education of the city of New York has forbidden James Weldon Johnson of the Society for the Advancement of Colored People, Arthur Gar- field Hays and John Haynes Holmes of the Civil Lib- erties Union, to speak in the Stuyvesant IlighSchool. Norman Thomas has been denied the right lo broadcast after all arrangements had been made. No, these episodes did not happen in Tennesee or Mississippi or even in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, but in New York City. All metropolitan journals were gleeful over the farce tragedy at Dayton last summer. From,the tone of superiority and contempt manifested, it was easy to conclude that the sovereign community of New York was entirely above such silliness. We do not want the impression to go abroad that we are holier than the others and that s' .ffla• denials are not pos- sible here. In matters of this kind, it seems rather difficult to learn the real reasons for the prohibition, although it is not difficult to guess. There is always so much straddling, so many polite apologies and downright passing of the buck. In the case of closing the schools, the only reason assigned is membership in the Civil Liberties Union. This is a most amazing.taboo. It does seem prepo- terous upon the face of it that those who espouse the cause of Civil Liberties should be excluded. But yet upon examination it is really not so remarkable. for after all it. isa fact that civil liberties guaranteed by the constitution ha ve not been in such good repute since the war. Any one who urges civil liberties of free speech, press and assemblage is stigmatized as a Bolshevik. Our country is closed to Countess Ear- olyi, but is open to Grand Duchesses and other impe- cunious emigres. Despite lip service to democracy, there is a worshipful attitude toward aristocracy and even monarchy. An appeal to elementary constitution- al rights is rather vulgar anti vulgarity is an unpardon- able sin in good society. Those people who represent the Civil Liberties Union are too insistent upon the rights of Negroes and • strikers. They object too vociferously to bad hous- big. low wages and all those causes which contribute to delinquency, crime, high infant mortality. Why should the over sensitive, perfumed and frequently washed be disturbed by such maudlin and vulgar matters. In the case of Norman Thomas, he was not per- mitted to broadcast because he wanted to discuss ed- ucation and disapprove of compulsory military train- ing. The reason given was that it was a controversial subject. What subject touching human relations is not controversial? The reasons are piffle and the owners of the broadcasting station know they are. It May seem that the essential difference between Dayton, Tennesi4e and New York City is not marked. The same spirit of intolerance and insistence upon uniformity underlies the attitude of those responsible for the prohibition in both instances, but the differ- ence does lie in the reaction of the majority of the community. In Tenneve, the overwhelming majority is in fav- or of anti-evolution teaching. while in New York, the articulate majority favors constitutional civil liber- ties. It must be realized by those who are in favor of freedom, that even though there may be no objection to the free discussion of theology and religion, that unless the same liberty is allowed in political, eco- nomic, industrial and moral relations, then there is much left to be achieved. If the schools of New York City are to be used by the public, they must be open to all. no matter what their views may he. The criminal laws of the state of New • York are broad enough to punish any breaches of good form or disturbance of the peace. We have the comforting feeling that the impleas- antness caused by the super patriots and the board of education who are fearful for the manners, morals and susceptibilities of the New York masses, will soon be over. LONDON NEWS LEVI ER . fly How the Hakoah Was Founded By DR. IGNAZ II. KOERNER, D. MAGARSHAK Sir Stuart Samuel, Bart. Sir Stuart Montague Samuel died suddenly i n May 13 of heart failure, in his seventieth year. His death rives the Jewish community in Eng- land of one of its most prominent m•ndhers. The Samuel family, close- ly associated by marriage with the Yates family, was prominent in the leadership of the Jewish congregation of Liverpool in the early part of the nineteenth century. It troves its de- scent trout Ralph Samuel horn in Sterlitz on Nov. 22, 1738, and to Sam- uel Yates of Sterliz who married Mar- tha Abrahams, daughter of a Dorset- shire farmer, who eloped and became a Jewess. The first activity of'Sir Stuart Sam- uel as a public worker was that of honorary secretary to a ommittee which organized a ball for the benefit of the Jews Deaf and Dumb Home. Later he become associated with the Jewish la and of guardians, became a president of the home for Jewish incurables, a position which he re- tained until his death, president of the association of Friendly Societies, and in 1917 he became president of the Deputies of British Jews. Sir Stuart Samuel represented as it Liberal the White chapel Division of the Tower Hamlets in Parliament from 1900 to 1916. His parliamentary • career was enlivened by a costly court trial owing to an incident connected with his firm. Sir Stuart Samuel who voted on a bill about Indian sil- ver, in which he was interested per- sonally, was prosecuted by 'a common informer, and condemned to pay in tines about £25,000. He was raised to the Baronetcy in 1912. His death leaves no heir to the haronetage as he had no sons, his wife and two daugh- ters surviving him. Up to the last day before his death Sir Stuart Samuel preserved his jo- viality of disposition and keen relish for a jest. After his death a whole collection of jokes connected with the general strike was found among his papers. During his presidency of the Deputies of British Jews his imper- turbable geniality and ready wit alienated from hint many of the depu- ties who considered his humor as It becoming his official position and some quite unreasonably, regarded it as an indication that he thought little of, and had no consideration for, his of- fice. Sir Stuart Samuel for many years wrote for the Jewish Chronicle both as an art critic contributing articles on the yearly academy exhibitions and in a lighter vein, under the pseudonym of Rory O'Moses, whimsical items -on toplOt1 matters. In his latter role he used to figure before his readers as "Ballymeshugah." At the funeral of Sir Stuart Sam- uel a multitude of people representing all the Jewish communal and national institutions were present. The chief mourner was Sir Herbert Samuel who said Kaddish at the graveside of his elder brother. Founder and President of the Hakoah Sport Club. jag either fallen in the war or !Ramon. ' Sixteen years ago the anti-Semitic crippled. It was only due to the movement in Austria was a significant strength of purpose and the faith of factsr. In found expression in the at- its adherents that a small group of titude if the general public and par- the weakest continued the Ilakolth Sc. ticularly in the sport associations. tivities during the war and kept it Jews were considered ineligible fur alive. admit siun to tmembership in the sport After the Armistice it was tog sport lISSOrillti011s which, according to the which led to the revival of the Ila- German and Austrian conception rests /with, but the desire to defend the on "honor," this honor being based 011 Jews from anti-Semitic attacks. the racial stuck of the individual. A Throughout Vienna it laseatne known situation arose in which even those that wherever antiiiismitie attacks sport associations which wens founded were to he expected JAIL Hakoah would by Jews and supported mainly from the spot to combat it. Jewish funds declared themselves Ar- The achievements of the flakoah in yan associations, their Aryanism find- sports during-this period %cure exem- ing expression in the fact that Jews plary. In all Yields success was at- wire barred front membership. Another circumstance requires men-' Mined, such as we ourselves did int dream possible. tion. The physical training of Jew- At this time we began to develop ish men and women-in Central and cultural activities. Our orchestra and Eastern Europe was being neglected. our chess suctitms were founded and Physical degeneration, which makes developed. Championships in all the Jews an easy prey for attacks, fields of sport were won. threatened. The expansion of this Ilakoah or- Out of the understanding of these ganization to other European coun- facts and their implications, the Ha- tries was then begun. Since IUt 1 we kcal] was born. 1Ve felt that steps have founded 4,000 Jewish spdrt asso- ought to be taken for the purpose of ciations in various East European giving the growing Jewish youth countries. Strengthened within, the physical training that would free it success of the Ilakoah rapidly made from possible degeneration and which itself evident in the field of interna- would place it on a par with this non- tional sport. This was also accompan- Jewish youth, ied by the founding of new branches. "Aus jaden Jurgen junge Judea zu Our victory in England in 1923 ono. machen." This slogan, coined by the Unity Club made us the champion Theodor Ilerzl, the founder and first Slleller team of Europe. leader id this Zionist Organization, What we achieved in Egypt and in and Max Nordau's words "%Vitt Palestine is unique in the history of brauchen sin Muskel Judentum" (We sport. .lewish sport clubs were found- need a muscle Judaism,) were adopt- ed in Egypt, NIorrocco Anil Tunis. ed by us as our aim when we took the After our visit to Palestine there was first steps toward the establishment not a single Jewish club there which of the Hakoah. had not fouiffleil a sport club. In When, in 19119, I and a few friends, South America, as well as North Am- laid the foundation of the Hakoah in erica, Jewish sport clubs were found- Vienna, the difficulties we encountered ed by Ilakoah members who had •mi- grated from Austria. In New York were just as great from the Jews as front the non-Jews. However, the t ere are known as the Nlaccalaseans, ideas which lIerzl had implanted in In Buenos Aires one of our members, the Jewish youth were so fruitful that Sel er, is a wrestling champion, as is the Hakoah succeeded more quickly Ochsenhorn of Chicago. Jewish sport than it could have grown prior to clubs were founded by m•mbers of the Ilerzl's appearance in the Jewish Ilaktath in NIontevidio and in Los An- world. geles. At first only students were inter- Unfortunately our success' in sport ested in joining the Ilakisah, but grad- has nut been accompanied by astinan. ually we succeeded in interesting cial success. The Hakoah idea has ()thee circles. In a year we had a spread to the very poor Jewish mass- membership of SOO. - es. Mernlwrship dues cannot be ob- In this second year we reached a tained from them. The Hrikoith has stag• where I t hought it possible to frequently to render assistance to int n duce the Hakoah in (other cities them, supplying the children with in Austria, By 1914 we had branched clothes, loiiking after their health, giv- out to include among the activities of ing them medical treatment, hiring the organization swimming, light ath- instructors and finding employment letics, football, soccer, wrestling and for them. :Medical attention is at the fencing. Girls as well as boys par- disposal of our members free of ticipated in the Ilakisah activities. charge. In these activities, emphasis was As far as the economic depression in Ian! on the training of the youth. to Vienna permitted, we have obtained be prepared, should danger arise, to a certain measure of support from this defend the Jews from anti-Semitic at- well-to-do Jewish circles in Vienna, tacks. but unfortunately conditions in the Then came the destructive war. last few years have been such that Hardly a man in Austria who could we could nut expect any aid from carry arms was spared. There is not them. We have gained the interest of Polish Relief and Its Chances in mother organization in Austria the public not only in Austria but in England. • which suffered as great a loss as did n11 the other parts of Europe, but 110 The plight of Polish Jewry, the un- ,the Ilakoah, our many members hav- financial assistance. wholesome morass of spiritual and physical demoralization into which it is sinking, under the inexorable com- bination of ellel101uie circumstances, has rain the Jews from all over the rld to .is rescue. Angle-lewry has By S. SCHWARTZ received a Can for help of the afflicted • 3,509,000 .lens from their own mouths. (Copyright, 19213, by Jewish Telegraphic Agency, Inc.) At the relief conference held in Lon- don under the auspices of the Feder- ation of Ukrainian Jews. the Federa- The trade balance for Palestine is towns. And yet such a small export' tion of Polish Jews and the Lodzisr again a very bad one. One is forced The tiifference.between the flans for Benevolent Soenty, Dr. "Leon Reich, to this conclusion by reading the an- 1923 and 1921 is May EE.57,000, and ex-president of this Polish Club of nual report for 1925 which has just between 1921 and 1925 only 5;I: Deputies brought the message himself been Published by the trade depart- IMO, It is true, that during the, Ile spoke also at several other nwet- ment Of the fittest illy. government. years the demand for gomls heel] ings ih London, representative and According to this report our imports steadily increasing in the country it- non-representative, and yin the whole in 1925 amounted to ST. 7,503,928, self, but the goods were brought in Angle-Jewry cannot pretend not to and Our exports to IT. 1.588,157. A from abroad and were not pflohiced have been acquainted in detail about difference of CE .11.0O11,1:110. In gener- in Palestine. Palestine's new kelt,— the realities of Jewish life in Poland al there is a tendency in Palestine for try does not show in Palestine nor in and the urgency of coming to their imports to rise. In the first years of foreign markets. It is not yet Hill as soon Os possible. It is, how- the civil administration it was evident supporting. It must be assists sl ever, vet y doubtful whether anything that we wet importing less from hits not yet made any advanse t• tangible, anything at all capable of altread biscau7s we began to produce wards the stage when it will be ad-' coping with the situntion in Poland. many articles in Pabsstine. But dur- to satisfy this demand , of Pa 1,1:/.. • will emerge fry the numerous con- ing the last few years this tendency growing population. If Palestine d. r - ferences and public meetings which has suffered a setback, and Palestine not advance to this stage soon, ftc hove taken place recently. keeps on increasing its orders froni industry of the country will be en- So far the war victims fund has abrund. It is a most disturbing fact, dangered, and the whole development been prevailed upon to part with it for the country is being impoverished of the country will be in the balance. reserve funds which amounted alto- vinyl indebted un that account. Pale, Which are the countries with which gether to 3:5,000. The newly amalga- tine's imports for tier-laststhreis years Palestine trades? England imports mated Relief Organization of Great amount to 1923, tE.5.12-1,815; 1924, more golds from Palest'ne than any liritain has pledged itself to raise £3,- £E.5,589,079; 1925, 1:E.7,iani,923. other country. Syria, Germany, Am- Ogrevery quarter. Rut to pledge one- In the course of one year this im- erica and France follow pretty els self is one thing and to raise money ps rt of foreign goods has increased by The biggest export countries are Eng• another. The fact remains that no £E.2,000,000, from E.5,589,679 in load, Egypt and Syria. In 1925 Ens prominent personality from among 1921 to fE.7,603,923 in 1925. Last land imported from Palestine good_ those who matter in Anglo-Jewry has year was a year of mass-immigration, to the value .1.1! £x.1,083,150, and ex- responded heartily to the call. Ex- with about 40,000 emigrants entering ported goods to the value of £E.411,- pressions of sympathy with the fate the country. It appears that these 774. Egypt bought from Palestine of "our co-religionists of Eastern Eu- huge quantities of foreign goods were goods for CF..577,277. Egypt occupies rope" were not lacking, but not a sin- brought in for these newly-arrived first place in Palestine's export list gle man with a name has taken up the Jewish immigrants. flow much mon- and Syria third place, buying from invitation of Dr. Jochelman, who is ey these new arrivals have brought Palestine goods to the value of ff.:. the chairman of the relief organiza- with them is not known, but it is 158,1112 during the last year, This tion, to put himself at the head of the pretty certain that they have brought year both imports and sxports from a lot of it in imports, and the figure relief work. Palestine ih Syria will amount to very The whole hope seems to rest en- is a staggering one for a small coun- little because of the difficulties cre- tirely with the East End. But the try like ours. Of the £E.2,0011,000 by ated by the turbulent political isondi- Jews of Whiteehapel and of the East which the 1925 imports exceed those lions in the country. German goods of 1924, £E.500,000 were spent on of London generally are poor them- imported during this last year amount- food, drink and tohacco, more than selves and would not mind being re- ed in value to E.930,139. Imports fE.1,000,000 on various manufactured lieved themselves. The Jewish board from the U. S. A. amounted to only goods and £E.800,000 on raw mater- of guardians has registered a collos- £E.000,999, and from France to £E.- ials. sal deficit for the last year and stands 553,589, from Italy to fE.356.201. Thequestion is whether Palestine badly in need of funds. How then from Roumania to £E.319,541, and will the money for Poland he collect- exports too have increased. If they from the British colonien to £E.583.- have it would not be so bad. But they ed? Unless the impossible happens 550. Great Britain and Palestine's haven't. At least nil that you could and the .Yews of the West of London neighboring countries Ape the biggest tell. The export of Palestine goods respond in deeds as well as in words exporter., buying 91 per cent of all for 1924 ran to £E.1,200,812, and in the Jews in Poland would do better Palestine's goods, and the imports 1925 to £E.1,297,.559; exports there- not to cherish any false hopes as to from those countries into Palestine ac- fore, have increased by no more than the money to be receiveds.from their count for 38.5 per cent of the total tE.97,000. The discrepancy between en-religionists in England, and look imports. As economic relations are the rise in imports and the rise in ex- elsewhere for their salvation. closely connected with political, it can ports is the cause of the rise in the easily be gauge to what an extent price of food-stuffs and other articles Jewish Theatricals in London. Palestine is interested in the political during the year (from four per cent situation in Great Britain and her This Jewish Drama League, the to about seven per cent.) neighboring countries. honorary president of which is Israel It is worth while emphasizing the Zangwill, is preSenting at irregular fact that the government made half intervals single performances of plays its revenue from import duties during of Jewish interest. The performances the budget year of 1925; more than usually take place at a London then- Speaking of house-maids and the SE.1,000,000. It is the Jews, the in- ter on Sundays and well known actors notorious incongruity of their char- creasing Jewish emigration, who have and actresses appear in them. During acter with what ought to be the in- created this big demand for goods the past winter three plays were giv- fluence of the church they attend I which has given the government its en. "Nathan der Weise," by Lensing, am reminded' that these maids would enormous revenue. Again we repeat "The King of Schnorrers," a dramat- be at least a little better, less Pre - the old question: the Jews give so ised version of Mr. Zangwill's famous sumptuous, impudent and bold, if much to the government; what does novel, and "Israel" a play by Henri their mistresses were less competitive the government give the Jews! Bernstein. None of them were suc- and more co - operative. Women are Let us consider again the imparts cessful. "Nathan der Weise" is more organizing to save the world from as and exports. The figures for exports of the nature of a treatise on tolera- kinds of evil. I seriously recommend during the last three yearn were: for tion than a play. "The King of that they come together and handle 1923. CE.1,11323-1; for 1921, CEA.- Schnorrers." being a dramatized ver- the problem of domestic employees 200.812; for 1925, fE•1,297,5511. These sion rf a satiric rather than a dramat- in a way that will make for honor three years were years of growing in- ic character failed, hopelessly. "Is- and efficiency in both mistress and dustrialisation. New factories were maid.—Rabbi Alexander Lyons. founded in Tel-Aviv, Haifa and other (Continued on next page.) >r,l3on'as