ThElmorrlansnOR0/41011 s in the ranks of the organized. The Nordic restriction- ist was certain that crime would practically disappear and the moral tone of the country would be improved Published Weakly by The Jewish Chronicle Publishing Co, immeasurably if only the despised Eastern and South- JOSEPH J. CUMMINS, President ern Europeans were excluded. None of these blessings JACOB MARGOLIS, Editor have in any appreciable degree come to us. Instead we have brought into existence a new form of bootleg- JACOB H. SCHAKNE, General Manager ging, that of immigrants. The adroit and determined at Detroit. n p 1: 1 1 . 6. chat s. tigostuffice Entered as second-class enter the country and not a few of these are confirmed criminals. Families have been separated, and to enter General Offices and Publication Building into that story were a work of mere supererogation. 525 Woodward Avenue Cable Address: Chronicle It is true that immigration restriction can hardly in- Telephone: Cadillac 1040 London Office: terest as large a number as does Prohibition, but never- 14 Stratford Place, London, W. 1, England. theless the problem does vitally affect the whole coun- Subscription, In Advance ..................._.._.._.............$3.00 Per Year try. It should not be viewed as a sectional problem, and new. matter mug reach this To Insure publican.. for in the final analysis this problem of immigration office oil by e Tuesday evening of each week. will eventually affect the economic, social, cultural and The Detroit Jewish Chronicle in•Itee correepondence on subjects of Interest to the Jewibh people, hut disclaims reeponsibility for an Indorsement of the political aspects of American life. views expressed by the writers. The Perlman Wadsworth bill was defeated the first Irar 9, 5686 time out, but that does not mean that the whole matter April 23, 1926 is ended. As a matter of fact, it has just started. 11- 1619ETROITIMS116RONICIA T. COIL, naVvVAIL MUM MO 10"40011.414 DIGEST norsTh. "WHAT IS THE JEW?" By RABBI LEON FRAM Jacob P. Adler. ' '4. harmony with the findings of nature All the Yiddish newspapers of the 1 Sitting in a railroad car one day science, and that the moral ideals 0 country are paying tribute to Jacob and trying to read a newspaper, I his religion, were not only lofty Ito P. Adler, one of the old guard of the s could not help overhearing the con- also practical, and that if universal' Jewish stage, who just died, and two versation of two young women who adopted they would make for world New York dailies, the Forward and sat just back of me. They talked of happiness. They all agree also o shing memoirs of ' The Day are publi many and varied things. Finally the Adler. discussion narrowed down to two sub- course, on One God. Liberals of al religions believe essentially the sari• jects, and one was religions and the Commenting on the various merits things. Judging solely front thei other was dressmakers. I listened on and characteristic traits of the great statements of faith, it would be diffi amusedly; then, for a moment, my actor who for 40 years was active on mind was drawn away by some in- cult to distinguish between one relig- the Yiddish stage both abroad and ion and another. Yet the liberal teresting item in the newspaper. here, the press throws much light on Christian does not offer to give up his When I resumed attendance upon the the career and personality of Jacob Christianity for liberal Judaisin, nor dialogue, Miss A was drawling with P. Adler. does the liberal Buddhist offer himself a smothered yawn, "Well, I say, one The Forward writes: "When the to be merged within liberal Mohion- is as good as another." "What!" news of Adler's death reached us, the medanism. Nor is it a repudiation of challenged Miss B excitedly "Do you first word to come from our lips was their liberalism that these liberals fail a personality. For, while all are mean to say that one dressmaker is to blend despite the seeming similarity as good as another?" "Gracious, no!" agreed that in Jacob P. Adler we had of their beliefs. It is on the contrary, Miss A apologized, "I ant talking a great talent, this alone is not yet all. the profoundest wisdom. Behind each There are many talented people, but about religions." of these historic religions is a group Now I have always believed that the not many personalities. Adler was On Sunday, April 25, a memorial service will be of some kind—a racial, national, sea,. , profoundest wisdom is to be obtained one of the few men in the history of held at Shaarey Zedek Synagogue in honor of the late from an analysis of the merest trifles. nomie or social group. Whatever Jewish stage and of the Jewish In these hectic days of starvation and penury in the ideals a religion has to teach can be I analyzed that fragment of light con- quarter here in general who always Rabbi Judah L. Levin, who died in Detroit on March through this powerful Poland the comic spirit is rather anemic among the left the impression of their own per- versation, and drew therefrom these propagated group loyalty with which the religion 26. conclusions: first, that the young la- sonality. Ile was distinguished in life Jews. The serious business of keeping body and soul is tied. It is obvious that you can in- Nothing could more fittingly attest the high regard dies were so very particular about as well as on the stage. His was a fiuence a white European more effec- dressmakers because they were and esteem in which he was held than the city wide together uses up so much energy that even an amused really interesting personality. Ills their tively with ideals taught in the name powerfully interested in dresses; see- was largely made here in of Christianity, and through the elm- , funeral which was attended by thousands. Never in smile is often too much of an effort. Ribaldry which is career that the young ladies were so such a fine cleansing thing is practically non-existant, America. In Russia there were too end, tional appeal of Christian symbols, liberal about religions because they the history of Detroit Jewry was there such an out- many obstacles of a political nature than you could influence hint with pre- but yet one thing happened recently which was so di- for the sound development of the Jew- weren't very much interested in re- cisely the same ideals taught in the pouring. ligion. ish stage, and England and Galicia name of Buddhism or in the name of The memorial service will be addressed by Rabbi verting that the almost dead comic spirit showed were too poor to afford such a possi- When people are at all religious, mime vague, new universal religion. marked signs of life. bility. It was here that the Yiddish they usually feel an affection for one Meyer Berlin, the president of the Mizrachi Organiza- Racial, national and social loyalties Gl The very elegant, soft spoken, gracious Skrzynski, theater was fully developed, and the faith and a sense of attachment to are invaluable agencies for the effee- tion of America, Rabbi Aaron A. M. Ashinsky of Pitts- • teaching of any ideal. Therefore, 30 years of its healthy growth are in- their brothers in that faith. It is live Minister for Foreign Affairs is astonished by the atti- burgh, Rabbi Asher Z. Zarchy of Louisville and Rabbi separably connected with the name of impossible for a genuinely religious they are a natural part of religion. • tude of the Jews on the Polish Jewish Agreement. . There is very little difference" said Jacob P. Adler." person to say: "One faith will do as 1 I. M. Silverman of Toledo. Besides the eulogies of the When he came to America, he asked for a good well as another." lie may respect, The writer then characterizes the William James, "between one man and out-of-town rabbis, Rabbi A. M. Hershman of Shaarey even admire, other faiths; but he can acting of Adler as approaching what press because he was seeking a loan. No practical another, but that little is important." Zedek Synagogue will pay his tribute to the departed be greatly moved by only one—his termed classic art. One gladly for- So there may be very little difference politician will deny the value of opportunism if one is is own. The religious group to which he gave him his tendency toward melo- between one religion and another, yet leader of the Detroit Orthodox Jewry. belongs and the symbols and express that little is important. The differ- 1 playing for his other powers, Rabbi Levin came to Detroit almost 30 years ago. to get results for his constituency. We refused, at the dramatic sions of its faith become intimately for his dramatic power, for his poetic ence is likely to be social rather than When he came the Orthodox community was small time, to be taken in by all the fair promises made. The imagination. The many types created bound up with his emotional life. doctrinal, emotional rather than infs.'. Polish Jewish Agreement was of most doubtful value by Adler are as classical marble sta- Even though he can no longer give lectual, symbolic rather than essential. c and unintegrated. He established a Hebrew School intellectual assent to the dogmas or chiselled by the hands of an an- But it is these impalpable differences which has since grown into an organization which par- and efficacy even at best, while events proved that it tues customs prevalent among his fellow- Greek sculptor, such as we see which give religions individuality and was only a mirage, and one is compelled to question cient religionists, he does not abandon them special appeal, and therefore effective- in the museums. In the history of allels the best of our public schools in point of efficien- whether there was even the remotest intention of ever the Yiddish theater Jacob P. Adler to join a more rational faith. Ile re- oases Ilumanity is too large to form ' cy, scholarship and personnel. mains with his own group and tries to all one group. it is bound to be livid- leaves a mime that cannot be erased, Rabbi Levin recognized the need of an Old Folks putting it into effect. The fact is that it was never a name of a personality. liberalizeit. When a man's religion ed. What finer division can you pos. 1 sibly have than in groups all worship- Home and it was formed with him as its first president. used and the economic disabilities of Polish Jewry The Day writes: "With the death of has become so broad that he can say: one faith is as good as another, then ping the same broad human ideals,but Jacob P. Adler the Yiddish stage has His activities, however, went much beyond the confines have increased rather than diminished. has a so ecome . so shallow as ss each translating the common ideals in But now comes Skrzynski and is astonished by the lost one of its greatest artists and the it he utterly without influence upon his of Detroit for he, together with Rabbi B. Abramovitz somewhat different language and by father of the Jewish theatrical art. attitude of the Jews because the virtue of this sacred Adler elevated the Yiddish theater life. means of somewhat different symbols? of St. Louis were prime movers in the organization of Religion has always been associated The principle set forth by the young piece of paper is questioned. and brought it to the highest level of the Mizrachi Organization of America. Although the woman who started all this, namely with group loyalty. Originally all Some of the Jewish leaders of Poland may be a lot artistic achievement, to the Gordin secular phase of Zionism interested Rabbi Levin, yet gods were tribal gods, all religions that one religion is as good as an- period. It was he who laid the foun- of children who may be lulled to sleep with a lot of dation for the Yiddish theater in national religions. In this twentieth other, is in theory correct; in practice, he felt that those religious elements which could not century, it is true, all the great re- it would nullify all religious intlu- promises of what daddy will give them tomorrow, but America, and together with Mogules- envisage Zionism without stressing the religious aspect ligions make the claim that they tran- ence. co, Kessler and other great artists of It is in view of this necessary cons . should be mobilized. Out of this vision came the Miz- some are realistic enough to know that promises are his generation he has planted the e•end every physical and social boun- mere promises unless something in the form of concrete seeds of the Jewish theater in Ameri- dary line and are worshippers of the section between religion and definite rachi movement which is functioning today in Pales- One Universal God. But why, then, social groupings that we must ap- ca. A born artist, he sought a way action is done to carry them out. a common object of worship, proach the question: what is the Jew? tine. The Polish representatives agreed to vote with the for his art while yet living in Russia. having do they not unite and merge? It is The question usually presents itself He played no inconspicuous part in organizing the This however, was impossible under government if the deal which they made were carried undoubtedly because every great re- in the form of two alternatives. are the Czarist regime. Here he found United Orthodox Rabbis Association of America in ligion is held together and distill- the Jews a religious sect or are they out by the government, but when that government from the opportunity for free development, guished by definite ties and loyalties, a race, nation, or nationality? and he at once threw in all the fire 1901. the very first repudiated it by enforcing legislation spe- by physical and social boundary lines Poor Heinrich Heine, who was a of his youth and his artistic temper- In all the manifold and diversified activities of Or- Jew because he couldn't help it, once cifically covered by the agreement, then surely the ament into his art. And there is in addition to those of creed. thodox Jewry, his organizing ability, his broad and If you look at a map of the world, said: "Judaism is neither a race nor agreement which was to be mutual cannot be enforced scarcely a Jewish house here and you will see an obvious connection be- a religion; it is a misfortune." But deep learning, his gentle spirit made for harmony and the world where the name against the injured party. Nothing whatsoever has throughout tween religion and geographical lo- we must seek a scientific rather than of Jacob P. Adler is not known and understanding. been done to alleviate the sufferings or ease the burdens honored. There is a moral for all cation. Thus Europe and America an emotional definition. Rabbi Levin belonged to that school of Orthodox Christian. Western Asia is Mo- Let us examine the first proposition of Polish Jewry, and consequently a new policy was Jewish actors in the tragedy of this are hammedan. Southern Asia is Hindu; —that the Jews are a religious sect. Rabbis trained in the Yeshivas of Europe ; where schol- father of the Yiddish stage and one of adopted. Leon Reich, father of the agreement, re- its most brilliant exponents. The Eastern Asia is Buddhist and Con- A fair test of its validity would be arship and devotion to learning were placed above all signed. Deputy Hartglass was elected on the platform moral is this: the Yiddish stage must fucian. Equally obvious is the asso- to see what happens when a Jew is material considerations and where service to the Jew- elation of religion and race. In fact, converted to another faith. If the elevated to a higher level, where of non-co-operation if not opposition. All this comes be you may unhesitatingly assign a color Jews are purely a religious sect, then a Jewish actor should not be obliged ish community was implicit in the credo. In all his to Skrzynski as a surprise. He no doubt, thought that to feed during his last years upon to each religion. Thus Christianity the apostle should cease to he a ee. works one discerned those enduring characteristics white, Mohammedanism is light But actually the Jew who has been his docile Jews would be satisfied if he but spoke gra- faded flowers and echoes of past ap- is brown, Hinduism is dark brown, converted to another faith retains the which made him so beloved by the community of De- plause." cious, kind words to them. Buddhism and Confucianism are yet- status of Jew both in the eyes of his "The theater of Gordin was all his troit. His outlook was truly catholic, for no movement No one can assure Polish Jewry that opposition creation," says the paper in another low, African heathenism is black. fellow-Jew's and in the eyes of the which concerned Jewry escaped his attention. The Jew being present in every part non-Jews. There must be some far- issue. "Ilis superb acting set the Detroit Jewry has suffered a great loss, with the to the government in the Sejm will solve their inordi- highest standards for dramatic art in of the world and mingled with every for in Jewishness which is net coy- nately hard economic problems, but it is much better race, may appropriately be assigned ered by the terni religion. The J. America. It is he who made the bet- passing of this high minded, socially conscious sage in color of the rainbow. It is clear, T. A. has just reported that the Ma- to be free to act under the circumstance than to be ter Yiddish theater what it is today, the then, that the members of most of the Israel. His sons, who have not entered the rabbinate rannos of Spain are considering a re- a powerful instrument for the educa- religions have in common not turn to Judaism. The Marannos are but have chosen other learned professions as their es- bound by an agreement which gives nothing and takes tion of the masses, as fell as a contri- great only creeds and forms of worship, but the descendants of the Spanish Jee bution to American art.' pecial fields of endeavor, are carrying on the splendid all. also race and color and the influences who were converted to Catholicism in The Morning Journal notes the We would that the comic spirit had something to the year 1492. For over 400 years, tradition of learning and social usefulness handed on great importance of such an outstand- of geographical proximity. smile about that was not so tragic. When we go from religions to re- through a dozen generations they have ing personality as Jacob P. Adler not to them by their father. ligious denominations we find that been devout Catholics. Yet they are only for the progress of Jewish the- these are frequently cemented togeth- still a group by themselves—still atrical art, but for the general cul- er by national or political loyalties. Jews. Now that Spain is abandoning tural development of the Jews. The Thus Poland is a Roman Catholic her policy of intolerance and welcom- The opponents of land settlement in Russia have Jewish theater has had its beginning The Perlman Wadsworth bill was defeated by the country, Germany is a Protestant ing Jews to her territorities, these after the Jewish press was started. sedulously disseminated the idea that the whole scheme country, the Scandinavians are Luth- Marannos are thinking of re-adopt- But the Yiddish theater was the first Senate committee on Immigration. The possibility of eran, and England is Episcopalian. ing Judaism. The Jews who have was inspired and manufactured in the United States. to score a great success and was fol- the passage of legislation changing the present immi- So closely tied up were religion and been converted to Christianity by the lowed by the Jewish press. The first gration law looks rather hopeless at the present writ- According to these theorists the Jews of Russia are Jewish press was the work of a few nationality in the preceding century, Missions to the Jews in England and wholly averse to it, and were it not for the high pow- that in every European country it was America are not known simply as Maskilim and teachers of the people. ing, but yet those who are persuaded that the hard- necessary to pass special laws of Tol- "Christians." They are designated as They could drag along their existence ships and discrimination are unjustified should not be ered sales and propaganda methods employed by Am- even if they had no great following eration in order to grant the rights "Ilebrew-Christians." Their conver- erican salesmen the idea would quickly die out among among the masses. Not so the theater. of citizenship to those inhabitants of sion to Christinnity has not taken discouraged by this defeat. the country who did not profess the them out of the "ghetto." The theater is always started by a A law which has official sanction as well as the the Jewish masses . prevailing or the established religion It has been Reform Judaism which group and if it cannot find its sup- All this is no doubt convincing to those who would of the nation. In America separation has sponsored the theory that the approval of the vociferously dominant elements can be port in the masses of the people, the use all moneys and energy for colonization elsewhere, of Church and State was provided for Jews are a religious sect only. The enterprise at once collapses. It was abrogated only when an overwhelming popular up- founders of the Reform movement at in the Federal Constitution as well as good fortune of that genius, Ab- heaval convinces the law makers that a change is de- and they may be rather surprised to learn some of the the in each state constitution. The abol- the beginning of the last century ar- raham Goldfaden, to find unusually ishment of the religious requirement gued, and argued correctly, that the sired. An excellent case in point is the present agi- facts concerning the movement onto the land. gifted men and make of them his col- all According to official reports 4603 Jewish families laborators. One of them was Jacob for citizenship has served only to shift Jews were destined to be scattered Zion- tation for modification of the Volstead Act. It was religious loyalties from political to over the world. There was no P. Adler. Another one was Sigmund officially sanctioned and was supported by the vocifer- in the Ukraine registered during one week recently. Mogulesco. Adler survived the lat- purely social lines. In countries like ist movement in their day; but net ously dominant elements. A certain amount of oppo- This group included 416 families with no means, 2,240 ter by 12 years, and Goldfaden by le. our own, where the majority religion the most ardent Zionist of today has learned to live peacefully along- would think of denying that there will But Adler's popularity exceeded that sition existed from the very outset, but the opposition families with 10 rubles per family and the rest with of always be more Jews outside of Pal- side of several minority religions, all his teacher Goldfaden. His name social or sociable groupings are still estine than within it. The reform- was confined mainly to those who were opposed to pro- less than this sum. will remain perminent in the cultural These figures mean that 25,000 Jews declared their history of the generation in which he based largely on religious and denom- ers also noted that the countries of hibition, gradually, however, the protagonists of Pro- Europe were establishing legal and inational lines. This is the situation and was active." hibition came to the realization that the law was a fail- intention of going upon the land, and these did not take lived constitutional toleration of all fornis in every village, town and city in Am- In the Jewish Daily News Mr. I. L. a year to express their wish and intention but only one of religion. For racial or nationalis erica. Even in the great American Bril writes: "Jacob P. Adler, for more ure as a social and economic meliorative. students group them- tic minorities, there was no provision It became apparent that the ramifications of graft week. This can have but one meaning and that mean- than 40 years an outstanding figure universities, being made. They therefore felt that selves socially around religious affili- in the Jewish theater, has passed and vice were beyond the expectations of those who ing can be understood by any one with any understand- away at the age of 77. With the aid ation. It seems that even in the free- the best course for the Jews to follow was to regard themselves as a purely know the corruptive and corrosive influences of any il- ing. The Jewish masses want to escape from the pre- of Abraham Goldfaden, Adler found- ist, broadest and most intellectually religious group. The difficulty with advanced environment, religion is in- the Jewish theater; and the story licit traffic. The small group of protestants grew until carious state of petty traderism and speculation. Ex- ed this device has been that it has never evitably tied up with definite social of that venture is written io human today those who are opposed to Prohibition include istence over the mouth of a volcano, always in danger struggles and sacrifice such as few en- groupings. This need not be regard- made any impression upon the non- The best intentioned of non- of eruption has made them realize that the security terprises have to record." The writer ed as an unhappy state of affairs, for Jews. every element in America. social grouping on the basis of relig- Jews have continued to refer to the then recounts the events in Adler's The professional and amateur prohibitionists envis- of agricultural life is most desirable. ious interest is as good as any other Jews as a "nation" or a "race." A career and continues: striking illustration of this is to be arrangement that may be devised. From the same report of the Comzet we learn that aged a happy world with the advent of Volsteadism. "Jacob P. Adler was an artist by found in the current issue of the Me- Certainly in our country, the groups grace of God. He was a great ac- The theories were most plausible and convincing. The the Jews now engaged in the industrtes are being dis- the norah Journal. Professor Sheller are not mutual] exclusive. There is tor, and had he played on the general masses of men and women who are pleased to have a suaded from leaving their occupations, as many of stage, he would have made his mark an abundance of contacts between the Matthews, dean of the Divinity School of the University of Chicago, in re. and their members, and plenty cleaner and more joyous world, if it costs them no men- these seem eager to join with the others in this mass and been set down as among the groups greatest of the tragedians. Those of opportunity for mutual understand- viewing Rabbi Emil G. Hirsch's post- tal exertion, accepted all the glamorous promises of the colonization movement. ing, mutual stimulation and co-opera- humour work "My Religion," says "It who witnessed his Shylock when he prohibitionists at face value. At first there was a It has been made clear to these artisans and crafts- first played it in the old American tion. Sometimes, of course, the situ- is the religion of a distinct ethnic group. It is determined to maintain ation does assume an evil aspect, as marked decrease in arrests and petty offenses con- men that the land scheme is only for those who are un- Theater will remember his triumph. when ethnic and cultural solidarity." He one religious body seeks to gain Surrounded by an English-speaking nected with drinking. It was not long, however, before employed, unskilled and destitute. goes on to say that the religion of Dr. overwhelming domination. Our press cast he thrilled the vast audience that lays emphasis on nationalism. the impracticability and unworkability of prohibition To those who talk about the desirablity of settling thronged the playhouse to see him. ent Immigration Law, for instance, Hirsch Now Emil G. Hirsch spent all his life- obviously so written as to keep out manifested itself and today the major question before one in Palestine to ten in Russia, all this can only mean The roles he created have been es- is of America the Catholics and the time and all the resources of his bril- sayed by others, but the Adler tra- America is Prohibition. It may be well to talk about that these stiff-necked people prefer the hard realities dition stands forth as the finest effort. Jews of South Eastern Europe and to liant mind in fighting against the at- admit only the Protestants of North- tribution to Judaism of such terms as Jacob P. Adler was an intense Jew, the constitutional amendment having been passed, and to the fine spun theory and fancy. ethnic, cultural, or national. Yet all western Europe. But this is a special a Zionist even before that word came that such a passage ends the question. This closing of We must insist that Russian land settlement is a to be known. Jacob P. Adler was a manifestation of bigotry, temporary, that labor was lost on his gems ones eyes to the facts does by no means alter the fact fact and must be accepted as such. Whether the fruits pioneer. His last days, like his first and not at all essential In the situa- friend, neighbor and fellow-professor , Sheller Matthews. All the world, in- that the whole country is seething with this business of labor in the Diaspora are dissipated or whether they years, were full of suffering and of tion. Not long ago I set myself the fas- eluding our best friends, seems to in. And as he is laid down to of bootlegging poisoned whiskey, rum running, cor- are garnered is really of less moment at this time, than anguish. cinating project of examining the dec. silt that we are something more than rest this day amidst the pomp and larations of faith of the leading lib- a religious sect. ruption and crime all directly traceable to Prohibition. and the outpourings of the fact that this present movement gives an oppor- ceremony Now let us examine the second erals of all the religions of the world. of his fellow Jews, then We place the immigration laws, which have caused tunity to men, women and children to preserve their thousands must come the thought that in Jacob While ordinarily the word "monoto- proposition—that the Jews are a race untold hardships, in the same category as Prohibition. nation or nationality. A fair test 01 noun' is the opposite of "interesting," P. Adler, actor, the Jewish people has with a prospect of renascence and rehabilitation. in this journey of exploration I found this proposition would be to ask: of The honest proponents of restricted immigration pic- lives The ■ creator and genius who de- Jews of Russia are asking for bread and they lost race are the Jews? what my most interesting discovery to be serves a niche in the Jewish Hall of tured a golden age if the ports of America were closed The Hebrew Union College Libras) that the statements of all the liberals should not be given a stone. American Jewry will nev- Fame." has just secured the Scroll whirl to immigrants. The American Federation of Labor sounded the same. Jew, Christian, er regret its assistance to those who show such eager- to be read by the congregation e Buddhist and Confucionist liberal,_ They who guide the multitude on was certain that the prosperity which would follow at bottom ness to find themselves upon the solid ground of agri- the path of virtue shall shine as the each claimed in turn that would surpass any heretofore experienced, and that a (Turn to next page.) the teachings of his religion were in stars in heaven. culture. A Memorial Service. Skrzynski Is Astonished. No Immigration Changes. greater unity and cohesion would immediately' follow Facts Not Theories.