In L A.t.. 4, THE' ETROITJEWISII efRONICIA •HC WILT M.o..* sr... mimeo or njonss *son icit, .1.40•11 Published Weekly by The Jewish Chronicle Publishing G. Inc. JOSEPH J. CUMMINS, President JACOB MARGOLIS, Editor JACOB H. SCHAKNE, General Manager ''n'71.-LMer,'-1._ he did carry away some bruises. He realizes that these manifestations are but the result of the very war spirit which he is trying to eliminate from men's minds. If, however, he had any illusions about it and fancied that the ugly passions born of arrogance and fear had diminished appreciably, these student Fascists de- stroyed such beliefs. It merely means to Barbusse and his co-workers in the cause of a better world that the work to be done is far from completed. Why the Cathcart Affair? February 26, 1926 Adar 12, 5686 It Has Happened. Barbusse in Roumania. lectable names but actually attacked him. He escaped with the assistance of friends, much battered and in great haste. Such shocking bad manners and lack of hospitality have become of late the accredited mode in Roumania. What did Barbusse say or do that provoked the riot? As far as we are able to ascertain he spoke on the need for international good will. To the Rouman- ian students nurtured by that group of anti-Semitic pro- fessors headed by Professor Cuza the mere mention of the word international makes them commit all sorts of atrocities. It seems almost incredible that the anti- Semitic spirit is so deep rooted that one with the ante- cedents and reputation of Barbusse should suffer such humilation merely because he spoke upon a subject which is considered specifically Jewish. The student hooligan phenomenon seems to be a Roumanian product. There have been student out- breaks in the universities of Hungary, Austria and Ger- many. but these were sporadic and short lived. In Rou- mania, however, these crude barbaric riots have now continued for years and even now the authorities are hard put to find some means of effectively stopping them at the University of Bucharest. What makes this form of anti-Semitism so unique is the fact that it has academic sanction and expresses itself in violence. Before the war there were two clear- ly defined and well-recognized forms of anti-Semitism: the academic which prevailed in Germany and gave rise to that whole literature of Nordicism and the crude physical force anti-Semitism of Russia which expressed itself in pogroms and discrimination. The students of Roumania under the able guidance of Professor Cuza have joined these twin monsters and we now have the academic physical force anti-Semitism which is so blind and maniacal than even a Henri Barbusse is not immune from it, merely because he espoused a cause which was deemed Semitic. Barbusse will not cease his efforts to bring about a better understanding among the people even though and four who did not believe American literature was superior to French. but even better than that, six noble- women who admitted flirtations before they were 14 were among the victims who appeared before me." This may sound ridiculous, but just the same our exclusion policy has made us just as ridiculous in the eyes of the thinking world, 0, GATHER ME (From Bialik's Ilebrew Poem, "Hachnissini tahath K'nafech.") Oh, gather me unto thy sheltering wing, And be to me mother and all; My head on thy bosom a refuge shall seek, Where prayers incessantly fall. In hours of sweet grace when the twilight's atremble, To thee I'll reveal what I languish; They say there abideth still love upon earth, Forsooth it has left me in anguish. And more sombre secrets I'll whisper to thee ; My heart is aglow with a flame; They say there abideth still love upon earth, To me it is only a name. The stars that shone brightly deceived and grew dim,— A dream—it has flitted and passed; My longings have ceased and my yearnings are stilled, Desire has been vanquished at last. Oh, gather me unto thy sheltering wing, And be to me mother and all; My head on thy bosom a refuge shall find. Where prayers incessantly fall. DR. N. E. ARONSTAM. .4st- tarA` • AL raF .se- 21,V 16, - Anti-Semitism in England DIGEST By DR. MAGARSHACK The Late Dr. Kaufman Kohler The passing of Dr. Kaufmann Koh kr was the subject of comment in t h e Jewish press throughout the country, and in editorial notes and special ar General Offices and Publication Building tides, tribute has been paid to the 525 Woodward Avenue noted Jewish religious leader and scholar. Cable Address: Chronic!. Telephone: Cadillac 1040 London Office: The Jewish Morning Journal thinks The Countess of Cathcart unlike another Countess that 14 Stretford Place, London, W. 1, England. the late Dr. Kaufmann Kohler is not excluded because of dangerous and subversive was more of a scholar than a Rabbi, $3.00 Per Year Subscription, in Advance and that his memory will survive ideas, but because she told the truth about her relations that of a specialist in the wisdom To insure publication. all correspondence and news meter must reach this with a man with whom she eloped, before she had pro- as otlire by Tuesday evening of each week. of Israel rather than of a leader in cured a divorce from her husband. American Reform Judaism. His in- The Detroit Jewish Chronicle Invitee correspondence on so Heels of Inlereet was exerted much more over to the Jewish people, but disclaims remponelbillty for an Indorsement of the For this act of hers committed not in the United fluence view. exp ..... d br the writers. Rabbis and scholars than over the States, but in South Africa where it is not a crime and public. For he could better work out for which she was not persecuted, she is denied ad- a platform or a statement of princi- than win his listeners. As a mission to this country even for a limited time and for ple learned Jew his memory will ever be the purpose of selling several plays, which she has held in high esteem even in such Jew- When Morris Rothenberg visited Palestine he wrote written. According to the authorities this offense is ish circles which does not accept his to the effect that he feared even to think what would one involving moral turpitude, and therefore she is de- theology." Jewish World writes: "With happen if the building boom in Tel Aviv should col- portable. However on technical grounds one is not the The passing of Dr. Kaufmann Kohler lapse. The building boom did not collapse, but there guilty of a crime until one has been tried and convicted the old Reform school of Judaism has lost its last great representative." is a marked decrease in building operations and several on the offense charged. The paper recounts the facts of Dr. factories have closed causing a rather acute unemploy- Thousands of men and women in the State of New Kohler's life and career and con- cludes: "Ilis theological and philo- ment problem involving 2,000 men. York are guilty of this offense, for that is the only sophical treatises in the Jewish En- Rothenberg may have preferred the comfortable ground on which a divorce is grantable in that state, cyclopedia are testimonials of his real twilight zone of the Fools Paradise or the roseate day thousands in other states are equally guilty, but to our greatness. There was, however, some else which distinguished this dream state of procrastination, yet the stubborn eco- knowledge not one in a thousand is ever tried for the thing scholar, and this is the fact that he nomic facts will assert themselves willy hilly. crime of adultery. If adultery really involves moral was the most consistent and stubborn of the view that Judaism is There are 2,000 unemployed in Tel Aviv. These turpitude, our sense of the heinous has surely become adherent not a race, nor nation, but merely a men are a problem which the National Assembly, more blunted. No New York divorcees are socially ostra- religious sect. Ile lived to see this of his crumble and Jewry recog- tough minded and realistic will not and dare not ignore. cised. Our daily press prints stories about them which faith nized ed here and there as 'one nation ,' Where shall they be employed? Shall they be sent to are rather flattering, and not infrequently they are ac- Am Echod. He lived to see the be- ginning of that same Geulah, which he the old colonies as some suggest, or shall they be em- corded distinction and honor. denied. But he had not abandoned his ployed in road building and other public works which The exclusionists have felt the sharp rebukes of Own Idea of Judaism. History will those who value liberty as evidenced in the cases of the forgive him all. For he was a giant are so badly needed? To send these artisans and craftsmen to the old col- Karolyis, Saklatvalas, Joffes and others and to prove in learning, in the wisdom of Israel." "While it is true that Dr. Kohler onies means readjustment and dislocation. Despite all their impartiality they now exclude the Countess Cath- belonged to the Reform wing in Amer- the heroism and idealism shown by the agricultural cart for an indiscretion committed five years ago, and ican Israel, he was revered by all ele- ments in American Jewry regardless workers no one can honestly say that it is a simple about which she refused to lie. of affiliation, writes D. J. Gaiter in the matter to make an efficient land worker out of a me- The reaction to this piece of folly on the part of the Jewish World of Philadelphia. For immigration authorities is illuminating and interesting. presumably Dr. Kohler was a scholar; chanic in a short time. was a Jewish scholar who devoted The other alternative is comparatively simple from The militant feminists raised the cry of double stan- he his life to research and to study in the point of view of adjustment of the individuals con- dard, because the Earl of Craven, her partner in the the vineyard of the Lord of Hosts. Dr. Cyrus Adler put it very well when in cerned, but the paramount question is the money to affair, was admitted into the country. his tribute he said, among other undertake the road building and public work. The Under the circumstances there was no double stan- things: "Kohler was a leader not so only agency that can furnish the money is the Keren dard, for the Earl did not disclose the facts when he much of men as of thought. It was his inspiration that the Reform Hayesod. The funds of the organization are low. At was questioned, consequently there was no discrimina- under movement in America, which had hith- this time there is a United Palestine Appeal, and if any- tion in h;- favor since the authorities were not in pos- erto temporized, adopted a clear cut thing can attest more eloquently to the urgency of the session of the facts. They may have admitted him de- set of principles which has not been superseded and which at the same need than the presence of Bialik, Levin and Sokolow spite his sin, but that is purely academic. To say we time brought about the consolidation were disappointed in the militant feminists, who acted of those elements devoted to historic, at one time we know not what it is. traditional Judaism, and the forma- This is a concrete situation. It was inevitable de- like a flock of sob sisters, is to put it mildly. The real tion of the Jewish Theological Semi- spite the ignoring of the facts by those who should have vice of the matter, the exclusion of a woman or a man nary." faced them and taken every precaution to avoid the from a country for such a reason is of infinitely greater I. L. Bril writes in his column in present perdicament. But in human affairs we must consequence, than the application of the single or the Jewish Daily News: "With the passing of Dr. Kaufmann Kohler, rah- deal with fanaticism and enthusiasm, just as we must double standard. No enlightened person of today be- hi, scholar and leader of Reform Ju- deal with knIvery, folly and stupidity. Which Is the lieves in a double standard, and the fanfare was just daism, there has passed away the last of the group of pioneer Reform rabbis worse offense we shall leave to the coffee house philos- so much to do about nothing. who transplanted German-Jewish Re- Perhaps our attitude on exclusion and restriction form Judaism to these shores. Kauf- ophers. The United Palestine Appeal expects American has been alarmist, but each succeeding outrage has per- mann Kohler had the courage of his convictions and was never afraid to Jewry to carry this burden as well as the already ac- suaded us that these iniquitous bureacratic measures do battle for them. This tribute must he paid him. But it must, too, be net cepted and marked burdens which it has undertaken to have no limits. that his concepts were destruc- Why should this woman have been picked for all down carry. tive of true Judaism." "The years If we have been too realistic and have stressed the this noisome notoriety when thousands of men and that are to come—the writer con- cludes,—may somewhat temper the economic facts too much according to those who think women have been admitted who were equally guilty. which Kaufmann Kohler that the will to believe is all sufficient, the present con- To us the reason is obvious. The men who have bitterness and the school he represented engen- dition proves that one cannot be too realistic or too charge of immigration have ceased to be officials whose dered. They meant well though they economically minded concerning a problem which is business it is to admit aliens who were admissable, but built upon quicksands." The Intermountain Jewish News of it has become their business to exclude every one on fundamentally economic. Denver, Colorado, writes: "The pass- Leadership in Zionism carries responsibility. One any possible pretext. Our policy has been changed ing of Dr. Kohler removes from the of Reform Judaism its out- must be tough minded, analytical, even cold blooded from one of admsision to one of exclusion. It started ranks standing contemporary figure in this when the lives of thousands are dependent upon you. with the despised Eastern and Southeastern European. country. The question will be asked: It is well to bear in mind the significant warning They relished the power and sense of importance de- "Who will succeed him? And the an- must he, "at present, none." The of Lord Plumer when he said that drastic reductions rived from this authority. Then they excluded those swer passing of Dr. Kohler marks the end in immigration may be required because of the inability whose ideas were tainted, then those whose ideas were of an era; the era of the three of the country to absorb. He spoke of economic ability slightly tainted. With a growing egocentricism they giants—Wise, Einhorn, Kohler—who among them founded the American sought for new worlds to exclude, and now they hit school of Reform Judaism and worked and economic absorbtion. It may be well to remind the over ardent that con- upon an unexploited field. The first victim is Countess out the route which it should follow. were profound, painstaking structive criticism is often the best of all correctives. Cathcart. If this exclusion mania is continued not even They scholars. As such they were recog- the most imaginative can predict who else will be nized by Orthodoxy as well as by Re- form; as such, the influenced Ortho- among the proscribed. as well as Reform. The Reform Immigration officials in the year of grace 1926 must doxy Judaism for which Kaufmann Kohler Henri Barbusse, the noted French author of "Under greet each other in this fashion: "How many did you in his prime is not unlike the Conser- Fire," and later known for his efforts to bring about vative Judaism of today. Yet even exclude today?" First Official: "Eleven men who such modest reforms Dr. Kohler fos- universal peace, recently visited Roumania. His ex- thought Darwin was a great scientist, and one man who tered in the seventies and eighties re- periences in Roumania no doubt made him think of the quired real pioneering. It may be said and heard of Karl Marx." Second Official: "I had a —J trenches, for the Roumanian hooligan students were of Reform Judaism as of its three better day, I kept out 42 Germans who thought Ein- great proponents, that from opposi- not satisfied with calling him vile Jew and similar de- stein a greater scientist than William Jennings Bryan, tion came strength." Entered as second-class matter Much 3, 1916. M the Postonlre at Detroit, Mich., under the At of Marsh 8. 1379. 4. k•g,,, A Letter from London. (Copyrighted, 1926, by Jewish Telegraphic Agency.) It is to restrain this missionary Mr. Bernard Shaw recently con- zeal of the Jewish Chronicle that the tributed an article to Der Jude in press committee has been authorized which he very rightly denies the ex- to take action. istence of any conscious anti-Semitic movement in England among the edu- One must not infer, however, front however, o this that the Jewish Board of Depu- (;haa te td thcehriesseesx .istsil ue certain , dislike ties is unanimous about the necessity Jews among the "vulgar." If Bernard of combatting anti-Semitism. Bert- Shaw had attended the meetings of rani Jacobs, a prominent member of G the two recognized Angle-Jewish hoed- th e board, had tabled a motion, urg- ies, the Board of Deputies and the An- ing the necessity of creating a co glo-Jewish Association, he would have mitt ee to go into the causes of anti - been struck by the persistence with Semitism in England with a view to ,( which this question of anti-Semitism finding a remedy for it. The motion is dragged in and discussed by the was defeated and the argument of 's members of these two organizations some of the speakers against the nor- A .—members, it is interesting to note, Linn is worthy of being recorded. who belong to quite different orders There was nobody who denied the ex- • of the social ladder. The trouble istence of anti-Semitism. Some, how- seems to be that the bulk of the Jews ever thought it so incurable a disease in this country have to live among the in Jewish life that it was futile to "vulgar," being, perhaps, what Mr. attempt to remove it. Other thought Shaw would consider "vulgar" them- that such an inquiry into the cause II selves. of anti-Semitism might reveal facts which would justify its existence. But It is well to remember that there is the majority refused to have anything in England only one Jew to about 200 non- Jews. This fact alone would to do with the matter because they ar- be sufficient to account for the rarity gued that it would be dangerous to / show the rest of the world that even of anti-Semitic outbursts, but there in free England anti-Semitism is no are two other reasons which make anti-Semitism in England such a very common an occurence that the Brit- ash Jews had to elect a special commit- different affair from anti-Semitism in , tee to deal with it, and it was prin. Germany or in any other Central Eu- cipally for this reason that the motion ropean country. was defeated. The first is the fact of liritish cit- How much Jewish sensitiveness is izenship. No • other country in the world has approached the ancient to be blamed for sometimes interpret- ing a passing remark into an anti- Roman "clots Romanus son' so close- Semitic reflection is difficult to deter- ly, nor has invested it with the same mine. It cannot be denied, however, amount of dignity without regard to that Jews have sonic justification fin race or faith as Great Britain. The such an interpretation. The hatred British Empire, or to use the expres- of the Jew has been ingrafted in the sion, which finds more favor in the heart of the Christian for centuries. eyes of Conservatives, Liberals and The Jew was the pariah, universally Labor men alike, the British Common- held in contempt throughout the Mid- wealth of Nations, includes peoples dle Ages. In some countries which who differ greatly in religion, race still retain the mentality of the Mid- and color, and who, nevertheless, en- dle Ages he is even now considered an joy the same political and legal rights. outcast. A British Jew may be a Jew and noth- This hatred of the Jew has become ing but a Jew, but it never occurs to so flinch of a habit that it comes out an English judge or official to con- spontaneously in this mild, frequently sider him front the point of view of his disguised form, among decent, well- religion or race. There is no "official" educated non-Jews of such a civilized anti-Semitism in England. country as England. It comes to the Nor is there any party anti-Semi- surface without any trace of malice tism, that is to say, not one of the or any conscious anti-Jewish bias. three political parties in the state Two examples drawn from quite would dream of inscribing anti-Semi- different spheres will perhaps illus- tism on its banner. This again is in trate this. great contrast to the state of affairs A very intelligent woman lecturer on the continent of Europe, where the in English literature gave a lecture parties of the right are not only out- on Chaucer. She was discussing the spokenly hostile to Jews, but seem to ritual purposes in Jewry. She re- find in anti-Semitism the main tenets lated the tale in all its gruesome de- of their political faith. There are in tails and it never occurred to this England, it is true, Conservatives and good enlightened lady, as it had never also members of the two other par- occurred to Matthew Arnold on a sim- ties who entertain anti-Semitic, some ilar occasion, to reflect how much suf- of them virulently anti-Semitic, ideas, fering the perverted monstrosity of but those ideas are "personal" ideas— such a story had brought upon the the party as a whole would abjure an- .Jews. Chaucer believed this story to ti-Semitism as would abjure social- be a true fact, there was no Christian ism or capitalism, wholeheartedly of his time who did not believe in it. without a single dissentient voice. We could, however, have expected a Anti-Semitism in England, therefore, modern critic to remark upon this in- is a matter of private views. Neither human injustice to the Jews, but it as an official incentive nor as a party never occurs to non-Jews to bother slogan has it any future. It does about such trivalities, and when they nevertheless exist and in a very are pulled up about it by a Jew they marked degree—among the "vulgar" think him ,hyper-sensitive. we have to include not only those of Another example from political life: the lower orders but also those of the When Sir Alfred Mond seceded from very highest. In actual life it is rare- the Liberal Party, Lloyd George re- ly that one comes across an expression marked: "Like another notorious of open hatred to Jews, but such cases member of his race, he has gone to do occur. Here is one instance which his place." Referring to the passage occured only the other day. in the Apostles about Judas who, by Sitting in a cinema side by side, a transgression fell that he might go Jew and a non-Jew happened to ex- to his own place." change a few heated words. They kept Now, it is a well-authenticated fact quiet during the program, but as soon that "his race" did not breed Judases as the theater began to empty the two only. It incidentally bred the rest of started their argument. The non-Jew the Apostles and Jesus himself. But passed some sneering remarks about the prejudice against the Jews is so the origin of the Jew. The Jew asked ingrained in the mind of every aver- rather aggressively: age Christian that Lloyd George, who "And what are you?" is definitely not an anti-Semite, at "I am an Englishman!" came the once associates Sir Alfred Mond with insulting reply. "his race" and "his race" with Judas. "So am I!" the Jew persisted agres- It is this attitude toward the Jew in- sively. herited from the Middle Ages which "No!" the other shouted, frantic will have to be eradicated ere anti- with hatred, "You are a Jew!" Semitism is to disappear. It is a There is nothing more symptomatic matter of education. And education of the popular feeling in this matter is a painfully slow process. than the behavior of the public at this painful scene. In Germany or Po- land a general melee would have en- sued and the police would have had to intervene. Not so here. The pub- Even apart from the fact that I ant lic looked strangely embarassed, officially connected with the Church The two disputants were led out, and I find great good in it as an agent of everyone hurried away afraid to look inspiration and uplift. And yet I ant his friend in the face. doubtful of the validity of a great It is quite different with the press. many individual churches except as A certain section of the press in Eng- conservatories of superstition and as land is outspokenly anti-Semitic. cash counters. More responsible papers like the For many years I have observed at Times do not attack Jews, they attack close range a great many housemaids The Jewish festival of Purim or "the alien East End," meaning the who trot to church with such regu- "Lots" occurs on Feb. 28, correspond- Jew—British citizen or not, who has larity and punctuality that they mak.• ing with the fourteenth of the He- not submerged himself into becoming a hall-clock unnecessary. Many a brew month of Adar. This festival, an out and out Englishman. The less Sunday morning I determine the which will be celebrated by Jews over responsible papers, papers appearing time almost to the minute by the slant the entire world, recalls the attempt- in the provinces or in the suburbs of of the door as the cook, or the cham- ed extermination of the Jews under London where Jewish penetrations ber-maid leaves for religious worship. the rule of the Persian King Ahas- has caused a keen rivalry among the And yet I have found falsification, huerus through the plot of Haman landlord and shopkeeping classes, are downright dishonesty, coarse ingrati- and their rescue by Mordecai and less prone to disguise their feelings. tude and even immorality among Esther. The entire story is recorded It is to deal with this anti-Semitic these very devotional domestics. in the Book of Esther. virus that a special press committee I do not hold any particular church The great moral lessons brought has been attached to the Jewish Board responsible for the moral perversity forth by the story and its annual of Deputies. The chairman of this of any of its supporters, but I find a celebration are loyalty, noble man- committee is Philip Guedalla, a well serious weakness in any church that hood and womanhood as typified in known man of letters, and its aim is can be attended so punctiliously for Mordecai and Esther, and the evil of to meet any malicious anti-Semitic at- years and yet not noticeably influence intolerance. It also brings out the tack in the press by a vigorous de- its worshippers. It seems to me that truth of the law of compensation. fence or counter attack. a church ought not to be judged by Those who plot evil receive evil soon- It is, therefore, with a certain tinge the good who support it but by its er or later. To the Jew, who has of dramatic irony that this commit- success in converting those who are endured hardships and sufferings tee has been empowered by the board not good. If it fails to reach and re- through the centuries due to misun- to take steps, not against a non-Jew- form them it discounts its efficacy. It derstanding and bigotry, this festival ish paper, but against the Jewish is a purveyor to superstition and not brought comfort and hope. At this Chronicle, the organ of Anglo-Jewry. duly a promoter of sanctity. To put the matter briefly: it has been season of the year it was custom for It may be urged by some defender Jewish people to send gifts to tae' the custom of the Jewish Chronicle of churches that but for their influ- to give every week a summary of the poor. ence the bad might be worse. Maybe. law cases in which Jews appear gen- In other words a maid who steals fine orally in net quite a flattering light. handkerchiefs and other little things The Jewish Chronicle seems to do it might if she did no go to church steal out of pure high-mindedness. It wants bed-sheets, rugs and pianos. Perhaps, to purge Jewish life of dishonest acts, A common cause of the notorious in- and we should be grateful for small and it thinks that by adding public effectiveness of so many churches is thefts instead of being subjected to contumely to the already heavy pun- their persistent habit of relating their the bigger ones. I persist, however, ishment, it will deter other Jewish po- thought and effort predominantly to in maintaining that a religious insti- tential misdeers from committing the the past. They look backwards so tution needs revision and reformation some dishonest acts. much that they lose sight of the future if it holds its devotees in the palm of The Jewish Chronicle seems to dis- and of that vast throng who are ever its power for years and yet fails in regard the fact that the court sentence moving forward. All religious work- reformative moral influence. is expiation enough. It wants to be- ers who really desire an increasing As a minister I have always tried smirch the honor of the whole family sublimation and sanctification of hu- to get people into the church. I have of the wrongdoer. Let the whole man life will concern themselves with felt in some instances that it were world know! it says in effect. It is the God of our children more than better either to change the church or in short animated by a missionary with the God of our fathers. Our get some people out of it.—Rabbi Al- spirit and the zeal of it is as burning fathers have lived their life. Our chil- exander Lyons. that it quite forgets the beautiful say- dren have theirs to live. To live for ing of the Rabbis: "Whoever makes the future is to cultivate inspiration. What is sport to the cat is death his neighbors blench in public is like To live for the past is to conserve su- to the mouse. unto one who commits idolatry!" peratitution.—Rabbi Alexander Ly Ans. THE FEAST OF PURIM PAST AND FUTURE ,,,eir• rd/ 4&. yr, nfOr041. re/ t THE CHURCH