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1441. OW V CV/11V4

Joseph J. Cummins, President and Editor

Jacob H. Schakne, General Manager

Entered as Second-clam. matter March 3, 1916, at the Postoffice at Detroit,
Mich., under the At of March 3, 1879.

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Shevat 28, 5686

February 12, 1926

Agudath Israel Controversy.

Although the Agudath Israel and the Zionist Or-
ganization have not maintained most cordial relations
in the past yet the difference of opinion never led to
such an open breach as has been evidenced by the Agu-
dath organizing a separate drive at a time when the
Zionist Organization is making every possible effort in
the direction of unity.
The fundamental objectives of the organizations
are so far apart that a break was inevitable. The Zion-
ist Organization hopes eventually to establish a legally
secured homeland in Palestine. This has a political,
social, economic connotation. It is secular and not
religious or sectarian in character. And even the origi-
nal political character has been emphasized less in the
last six years, inasmuch as the economic, social and cul-
tural aspects have seemed much more important to
those who are actually trying to create a new social or-
der and establish a distinct Jewish polity in Palestine.
To expect the Agudath Israel to subscribe to such
a plan is downright fool-hardiness. The Agudath or-
ganization is the extreme Orthodox Jewish group which
is interested in re-establishing the Jewish people in Pal-
estine on the basis of religion exclusively. To ask it
to contribute funds for secular purposes is asking too
much and when Rabbi Ehrmann says that the organi-
zation has conscientious objections to helping the Zion-
ist organization he is speaking sincerely and honestly.
The present controversy does not touch on the mer-
its of the Zionist Organization as against the Agudath
Israel nor is the question of good form pertinent. And
even the success or failure of the United Palestine Ap-
peal is of less consequence than the question of whether
a group has a right to refuse assistance on the ground
of conscientious objection.
In the last 10 years we have been thinking so much
in terms of the sacredness of majorities that we have
forgotten entirely that minorities too have rights. By
reason of the emergency of the war we refused to con-
sider the rights of minorities and although the con-
dition which gave rise to that ideology is past yet we
persist in that most undemocratic practice.
We cannot understand how Louis Lipsky so far for-
got himself as to criticize the Agudath for organizing
a separate campaign. It has as much right to collect
funds for a religious Palestine as Lipsky ha's for a -secu-
lar Palestine and if one has any scruples against con-
tributing funds for something which he does not ap-
prove we honor and respect such conscientious objec-
tions.
In the late war England and America both recog-
nized the conscientious objector. Can the Zionist Or-
ganization do less? We think not.

According to a recent medical survey in Russia
among Jewish children but 31 per cent can be classed
as healthy. The remaining 69 per cent are suffering
from diseases of malnutrition, contagious diseases and
the general diseases due to neglect of teeth, throat, nose
and eyes. Not a very hopeful picture, even if there
were assurances that the forthcoming years would be
years of plenty, cleanliness and care. But in the face
of actual Russian conditions we may expect a decrepit
and disease ridden generation unless every humanitar-
ian effort is made to remedy the unhealthy and unsat-
isfactory conditions prevailing there.
This piece of information may come as a great sur-
prise because of the supposed interest in the child by
the Soviet authorities. There is no doubt that in the
theoretical plans for education and health the child
bulked enormously, but in the actual working out of
their theories the concrete facts of life destroyed the
elaborate and fine-spun plans. It must be remembered
that education, sanitation, hospitalization and similar
agencies can be created only when there is a surplus.
If in our own prosperous municipality we were faced
with the condition where the barest necessities were
lacking we would discover that our school. system and
hygienic establishments would receive but scant con-
sideration. Just such a condition prevails in the Russia
of today and has ever since 1917. From reports coming
from authentic sources there are not sufficient books,
pencils, paper and other needful supplies for the proper
conduct of a school. The same lack is found in the clin-
ics, hospitals and dispensaries. Medicines, disinfectants.
surgical instruments are very rare and consequently
the sick do not receive the proper care even were there
enough physicians. A sorry picture and one in which
the Jews of Russia fill the most pathetic and dismal
group.
We may stand aloof and say that it is thousands of
miles away from us and that, what is more, we do not
even have any diplomatic relations with them. This
may be true for the present but it shall hardly continue
forever and when it does we shall be exposed to the un-
healthy area. But in the main we do not take such an
attitude for who among us are really total strangers to
those suffering misses in Russia today? These under-
fed, sick children are related to us by ties which cannot
be severed and therefore it is an obligation which we
cannot shirk.
Just as the hordes of orphans are a weight upon the
conscience of humanity no less are these unhappy chil-
dren a challenge to our good will and kindliness.
In the forthcoming drive of the Joint Distribution
Committee all political and personal questions must be
forgotten, for there are many who need the assistance
of their more fortunate brethren and not the least of
these are the orphans and sick children of Russia.

Prohibition Again.

The Temperance Society of the Episcopal Church
has declared in favor of light wines and beer. With
characteristic hypocricy and perversity the upholders
of Volsteadism at any price have attacked the report
and those who are behind it. Every trick known to
those who ever refuse to face facts has been employed
in an effort to disparage and minimize. But yet with
all this barrage those who had the courage and honesty
to express an opinion based upon 20,000 replies still
insist that Volsteadism has done much more damage
than good. Nor will all the denials and pious gestures
of the shocked old ladies of both sexes change the facts.
Every investigation carried on as to the effects of pro-
hibition bring to light the facts that the people of the
country and especially the young people of the country
are opposed to it. Never in the history of America
have we known such orgies.
It has been revealed that the anti-Saloon League
did not hesitate to attempt to intimitate and coerce
those who issued the report. This should surprise no-
body for the protagonists of Prohibition are just those
fanatics whose philosophy of life is based upon the
theory that the end justifies the means and no means is
too contemptible or degraded if in their fancy the re-
sult will be achieved.
Why must every report which states the facts be
unmercifully attacked by bigots and prohibitionists?
When the Inter-Church World Movement issued a re-
port on the steel industry it was condemned because
it did not meet with the approval of those in high
places. All reports on Prohibition emanating from re-
ligious sources have met the same fate. Is it any won-
der that foreigners find that we are even more hypo-
critical than our English cousins, whose reputation for
this weakness has become a byword.
When there is such unanimity as to the failure of a
law as in the case of Prohibition is it not about time
that the question was met with candor and courage
and not with evasions, weak denials and concealments?
When the Volstead act is abrogated it will not be
the first time that a sumptuary law has been declared
null and void. In the history of the English-speaking
people many attempts have been made to regulate their
appetites which always ended in failure. Men cannot
be made good by laws. Man's personal and social re-
lationships are complex. his backgrounds, traditions
and trainings are varied, therefore when we are face to
face with the phenomenon called man we cannot hope
to make of him a socially conscious, temperate, consid-
erate person by the fiat of a law.
Prohibition should by this time have persuaded ev-
ery thinking person of the essential soundness of this
proposition but although we learn from experience yet
there are some who never learn and never forget. A
few more reports from bodies similar to the Temper-
ance Society of the Episcopal Church may end this
tragic farce.

111 4-

More Work for the League of Nations.

Roumanian courts have very little regard for human
rights when these rights are claimed by minorities.
The malodorous acquittal of Codrianu, the student
hooligan who assassinated the Chief of Police•of Jassy,
was followed recently by the acquittal of 'Lieutenant
Morarescu, who was charged with the murder of 200
Jewish refugees who were crossing the Roumanian.
Russian border. This callous indifference to elementary
human decency has called forth a protest from the
Council of the International Union for the Defense of
Human Rights. The protest indicates that not all of
Europe has become savage in its disregard for the rights
of minorities people.
Roumania may answer that its sovereignity gives
it immunity in matters of internal judicial administra-
tion. No one can deny this, but just the same she has
many minority groups within her borders. If Rouman-
ian courts act with that total disregard for minorities
which give rise to the impression that they are above
all responisbility then it is the proper function of the
League of Nati( ns to call Roumania to account. This
may be done by outsiders just as was done in the re-
cent case of Hungary and the numerus clausus. The
subtle censure of Hungary has already brought results,
for from recent advises genuine efforts are being made
to settle this vexatious problem.
The day of national self sufficiency is about past.
No dependent nation can swagger along, outraging in-
offensive minorities and then hide behind the claim of
sovereignty. International good will is an asset which
no nation can ignore without seriously damaging its
prestige and economic stability. And no nation today
is economically or culturally self-sufficient, even our
own country with its limitless natural resources finds
itself jeopardized by the rubber and oil controls of other
countries.
The League of Nations may not be able to function
as its proponents hail hoped in the event of hostilities
between major powers, but there is no reason why this
body which has at least limited influence cannot make
the Balkanized states of Europe act with some regard
for the elementary rights of human beings.
If the League of Nations can compel Hungary, Rou-
mania, Poland or any other artificial state of Europe to
respect the rights of minorities, so as to enable them to
act with some measure of good will toward each other,
the league will have justified its existence. We do not
expect impeccable conduct from these newly created
powers, but yet there is no good and sufficient reason
why they cannot act without crude barbarity.
We feel certain that were Roumania questioned
about this indefensible happening at the next meeting
of the league she would soon find a way of stopping
these practices which have disgraced her before that
portion of the world that has not abandoned all decent
human values.

MY SHAME IS MY GLORY

With all my heart, in truth, and with all my might.
Have I loved Thee. In open and in secret
Thy name is with me: how shall I go alone?
(Yea, Ile is my beloved : how shall I sit solitary?
And He is my lamp : how shall my light be quenched?
And how shall I halt, since He is a staff in my hand?)
Men have held me in contempt, knowing not
That my shame for Thy name's glory is my glory.-
0 Fount of my life! I will bless Thee while I live,
And sing Thee my song while being is mine.

1111, reR•ss 1 111, •4,C• lit.

JEHUDAH HALEVI,

(Jewish Publication Society.)

•

IZSAM

r A-

:NS

The Health of the Jewish Children of
Russia.

11-EDETROITJEWIS/161RMICIA

Published Weekly by The Jewlah Chronicle Publishing Co., Inc.

w.er.

DIGEST

Restorer of Shakespeare

By DR. HERMAN FRANK

Polish Relief and Palestine.

dents who are wise enough to read
Many an immigrant boy in Eng-
land and America has undergone
their Shakespeare in the original.
eventful vicissitudes which, in the
Professor Kellner's emendations and
course of time, brought him to the
conjectures concerning the poet's text,
which the Vienna Academy of Scion.
fore among men of letters. It is, how-
ever something of a real stunt when
ces intended to publish, were a tow
Galician youth while keeping, with
months ago brought out in New York
brief interruptions to the land of his
by A. Knopf under the alluring title
of "Restoring Shakespeare." This
fathers and grandfathers, rises in
critical analysis of the misreading in
less than 10 years to brilliant leader-
Shakespeare's work will prove an un-
ship in the field of English philology
and literary history. Such is the re-
usually valuable addition to the star
markable achievement of Leon Kell-
growing Shakespeare literature.
ner of Vienna and Czernovitz, who is,
Tint distinguished personality of
throughout the English speaking
Leon Kellner, apart from his signal
world, regarded as one of the greatest
achievement as a "Restorer of Shakes-
authorities on Anglo-Saxon and mod-
peare," is reflected in his passionat,
ern English literature. But few of
devotion to the Jewish cause. He wil.
his following know that Professor
among the first intellectuals in tin
Leon Kellner is a son of old-fashioned
German-speaking countries to folios
Jewish-Austrian folks, a devout Jew
the lead of Dr. Ilerzl, the originator
himself and a life-long intimate friend
of political Zionism. At a great prop.
and admirer of Theodor Herzl.
aganda meeting, which was held in
London on the occasion of llerzl's visit
Leon Kellner, born at Tarnov, Ga-
there in 1898, Professor Kellner took
licia, in 1859, was early initiated into
part in the program and greatly im-
the Bible and Talmud in the custom-
pressed the audience by reciting a pis
ary way of Cheder instruction. He
on of his own devoted to the restora-
pursued these studies up to the age
tion of the Jewish glory in Zion. Al.
of 18. His worldly knowledge he ac-
though a staunch adherent of Dr.
quired at the gymnasium of Bielitz,
Ilerzl's program, Kellner may he
Galicia and the Jewish Theological
classed among the cultural Zionists of
Seminary of Breslau, Germany. Upon
the Ahad Ha'arn type. lie is highly
entering the University of Vienna,
appreciative of, and passionately (IL-
Kellner attended lectures on the class-
posed toward, the intrinsic values of
ics, but did not give up his keen in-
,Judaism embodied in the venerable
terest in Jewish history and literature.
traditions and customs of our people.
Comparative study of languages, of
His meditations on the Sabbath, I' ,
all the academic subjects, captivated
sach and Yom Kippur, together with
his mind most and he took courses in
essays on various other Jewish and,
Gothic, Old High-German and Anglo-
lems, form an interesting volume puts
Saxon. These preparatory steps led
is ed, in 1914, by Emunah, an aca-
to a journey, in 1888, to England
demic club of Czernovitz. All his writ-
where he spent a year in persistent
ings
on Jewish subjects are through-
and fruitful work. The early English
out promoted with the beauty of hi'
Text Society entrusted him with the
light-giving
personality. From year
publication of Caxton's "Blanchardyn
to year his labors on a non-Jewish
and Eglantine." This work attracted
field
have
grown
in recognition so as
the attention of scholars on account of
to make him famous in both hemi-
Kellner's profound introduction on the
spheres,
but
at
the
same time he was
syntactic peculiarities of the text. In
very far indeed from breaking up the
1890 he became Privat-Dozent of Eng-
ties that, since earliest years, hate
lish philology in the University of Vi-
connected with him his heritage.
enna, a position which he subsequent-
ly exchanged for the full professor-
Theodor lierzl in his will named
ship at Czernovitz, the capital of Bus
Professor Kellner an executor over all
kovina, formerly a part of the Aus-
the manuscripts and notes which re-
trian-Hungarian Empire and now a
mained unpublished. The vast mater-
district of Roumania. In the pre-war
ial was made use of by Professor
period, the University of Czernovitz
Kellner for a lierzl biography, "Theo-
was considered the only among the
dor Ilerzl'a Lehrjahre," which throws
interesting light upon the development
universities of the world where Jews
of the founder of modern Zionism
formed a clear majority of the stu-
dent body.
prior to his accession to political lead-
ership. The late David Wolfsohn,
While engaged in lecturing on early
who as one of llerzl's closest friends
English philology to eager students
and colleagues held the exalted posi-
in an obscure corner of the dual em-
tion of head of the Zionist Organiza-
pire, Professor Kellner was asked by
tion after the death of its founder,
Macmillan and Company, the well-
had occasion to look into the Kellner
known publishers, to furnish a history
manuscript and thought the portrait
of the English syntax. His "Histori-
of the leader appeared altogether so-
cal Outlines of English Syntax" has
ber and drawn in a a rather cool-head-
passed through many editions and is
ed way. Professor Kellner reported
still used as text-book on moth sides
with a phrase heard by him, many
of the Atlantic. In England he came
years before, from Herz! himself:
into contact with the members of the
"The Bible did nothing to embellish
Fabian Society, more particularly
Moses."
with William Archer, the scholar and
The work of Leon Kellner is a fine
humanist, and Graham Wallas, the
illustration to the established rule
profound sociologist. Through ac-
that slight internationalism of mind
quaintance with the modern tenden-
leads one away from his own camp,
cies of English life, Kellner's interest
whereas a really strong sense of in-
in English literature assumed a new
ternationalism is apt to bring one
direction.
back into the fold of his own people .
Leon Kellner revisited England
Professor Kellner, with his rare ca-
regularly (luring the following years,
pacity to penetrate the psyche of other
widening the circle of his British
nations, is an exponent of the inter-
friends and laying the foundation of
nationalism inherent in the Jewish
his standard work on English litera-
soul. His wonderful achievements, s ■
ture, which was published in 1909 in
highly prized by non-Jewish people
Leipzig under the title of "Die Eng-
have not conflicted however, with hi,
lische Literatur im Zeitalter der Koen-
Jewish
aspirations and cravings. Leo
igin Victoria." A new enlarged edi-
Kellner's peculiar inclination towns,
tion of this study was brought out re-
the precious inheritance of the Anglo -
cently: "Die Englische Literature der
Saxon nations, so far from suppress
Neuesten Zeit; von Dickens his Shaw."
ing his devotion to Judaism, seems I'
It is a book of permanent value pre-
be
rooted in the same soil from whist
senting as it does a deft and penetrat-
his Jewish feelings spring. It is tat
ing analysis of the principal intellec-
all-embracing
ideal of internationa
tual movements that gave the Victor-
and inter-racial fraternity that ha
ian age its peculiar significance. The
prompted
this
Jewish
scholar to hi.
chapters on George Eliot, Ruskin and
arduous, fruitful and noble work.
Carlyle, written in a style of great
animation, as well as his account on
a great many minor writers bear tes-
THE JEW IN THE U. S.
timony to Kellner's intimate know-
ledge of his subject. Occasional refer-
The Jews have been inextricab ,
ences to F:merson, Holmes, Poe, etc.,
identified with the discovery of on
disclose the author's keen interest in
country, and only prejudiced or is
the letters of both nations, English
norant minds would rob Israel of an
and American. Two small volumes of
of the glory attached . to this discos
the popular "Sammlung Goeschen,"
cry. It was a Jew, Santangrl, woo
published under the title of "Die Am-
furnished the means wherewith C. ■
erikanische Literatur," in 1913, were
lumbus was able to set out upon is
the result of Kellner's profound in-
hazardous journey. It was a Jew
terest in American literature. An
Sanchez, who supervised the emir
English version of this work was pub-
expedition. The first white man
lished in America in 1915 with a pre-
land on this continent was a . let.
face by the late Gustav Pollak, dis-
Lewis de Torres.
tinguished journalist and literary
And what is true of the discover
critic.
of America is also true of the loyall
As it appears from his American
evidenced in the birth of these Units
Literature, Leon Kellner has been
States. In Revolutionary days wIs
particularly drawn, across the re-
the finances of our government wer
moteness of space and time, to Holmes
at low ebb, it was a Jew, Chap ,
and Emerson. The attention which
Solomon, who loaned the governmt
he bestows on them is, as Pollak re-
the sum of $300,000, considered
marks, the fruitage of a deeply root-
those days a colossal amount. In th
ed interest in New England life. He
Revolutionary War, the War of lal:
understands every intellectual and
in the Civil War, Jews furnish , -
emotional phase of the New England
large numbers of soldiers and sailor
literature, widely as his temperament
Shoulder to shoulder, the Jew slot ,
differs from that of the Puritan. In
with members of other denomin ,
one of his letters to Gustav Pollak,
tions, offering his best for the d.
Leon Kellner dwelt upon this feature
velopment of the natural and mor
of his work in a few illuminating sen-
resources of the country.
tences of great auto-biographical sig-
And yet the argument is oft,
nificance.
made that the Jew is not a prodis
"The strongest impression of my
tive laborer. Was not the electio
youth" writes Professor Kellner, "was
and re-election of a Jew as presider
an almost ascetic simplicity of life
of the American Federation of I.:
practiced by my parents and all my
bor, over a score of years, proof sal
relatives. And this way of living was
ficient that the Jess' does represer
not forced upon us by necessity, but
Jewish labor? "But the Jew is n
was the result of conviction. From
agriculturist," our detractors Distil ,
childhood I had acquired, through pre-
aver. Jewish farmers in Connecticu
cept and example. puritanic habits of
in the Dakotas, in Pennsylvania, be::
thought and puritanic conduct. This
ample testimony that Jews do till th
made me sympathize with the Scotch
soil, and thousands more would do
and New England nature."
were it not for the physical hand
Within the last few years, Professor
caps brought on by the perseeutio
Kellner has returned to a favorite sub-
of the ages. David Lubin, founder
ject of his early years—the textual
the International Chamber of Agr
study of Shakespeare in both the
culture, was a Jew. The charg
quartoa and folios. By his close scrut-
therefore, is a baseless one.
iny of Elizabethan manuscripts in the
Ilowever, we Jews have our mi
SUSPICIOUS
London Record Office and research in
giving., and our failings. Among tF
the British Museum, he has acquired
ancient
patrimonies dying in Jul.
a
rare
paleographic
knowledge
of
When a politician suddenly be-
ism, the Jewish home heads the li-
Shakespeare's time. His "Shakes-
comes interested and active in a re-
And so while we love to ling ,
peare"
in
German,
which
appeared
a
ligious organization I suspect both
reminiscently over our achievemen
quarter of a century ago, is a profuse-
his piety and his politics. lie should
and contributions to American lif
ly illustrated and stimulating study
have gone to some cutlery factory.
we must introspectively set our ON
on "the Sweet Swan of Avon" who is
Ile is likely to have an axe to grind.
house in order. This 270th ann
still,
as
at
the
end
of
the
Eighteenth
When a political Jew suddenly be-
versary of the settlement of the Joy
century, regarded by the German
comes conspicuous in a desire to save
in these United States should inspn
speaking
people
as
much
German
as
the Jewish people with whom for a
us to study the story of our pow!
he is English. Professor Kellner, who
long time he has conspicuously had
to
the end that we might live tF,
about
two
decades
ago
has
reissued
nothing to do, I suspect that he is
story. May this occasion with all
the
respectable
"Thieme's
Englisches
really concerned with saving him-
joy, revivify in us the desire ft
Woerterbuch,"
recently
supplemented
self.—Dr. Alexander Lyons.
knowledge of this Jewish—the bu
his lexicographical accomplishments
by a "Shakespeare-Woerterbuch," an
wark of Israel's defense in ages pa
lie that always thinks it is too soon
admiiable dictionary designed for
s the h ope A f. the Israel of tomo
and
is sure to come late.
these of the German-speaking kit-
. °re
m o

In the Jewish Daily News, J. L.
Dalidansky analyzes the critical sit-
uation of the Polish Jews at this mo-
ment and says their lives are now in
the hands of the Jews of America
who alone can save theirs "Those of
the American Jews who would now
send money to their Polish relatives
would thereby also help Polish Jews
in general, as their remittances would
increase the circulation of American
money in that country." The writer
warns in conclusion against launch-
ing separate drives, instead of help-
ing the drive of the J. I). C., which
will hardly be successful if the forces
of American Jews will be split and no
united effort will be made.
In an editorial in the Forward, at-
tention is called to the fact that it is
the Jewish workers in Poland who suf-
fer most as a result of the present
crisis. A special bureau has been es-
tablished by Jewish labor in Poland
to maintain the right of the Jewish
workers there to employment and to a
livelihood. This was done in view of
the fact that it is the present policy
of the Labor Department of the Po-
lish government to allow only a small
percentage of Jewish workmen to ob-
tain employment in the Polish indus-
tries. One Warsaw official even de-
clared to a Jewish delegation that only
five percent of Jewish workingmen
will be suffered to obtain work. In re-
ality, however, not even five per cent
are admitted. The bureau is fighting
this policy of discrimination, but it
has no funds, and it therefore applied
to Dr, Bernard Kahn, European direc-
tor of the J. D. C. to grant it a month-
ly subvention of $500 to enable it to
carry on its work. This bureau also
places Jewish workers and Jewish
professionals wherever it can get em-
ployment for them. "This bureau de-
serves our sympathy"—says the For-
ward, "and the J. D. C. should unre-
servedly grant its request."
That the Jewish press throughout
the country ought now to start a re-
lief propaganda, waiving all party
differences and particular aims, how-
ever important these be, is the opin-
ion of S. Niger, who, in an article in
the Day calls upon all Jewish organi-
aztions and the various Landsmann-
schaften to help the campaign of the
.1. D. C.
The Jewish journalist of Lemberg,
M. Frostig, in a letter published in
the Jewish Morning Journal describes
the present situation in Poland and
the impatience with which the Polish
Jews are awaiting the promised
"Joint" relief, about which the most
fantastic rumors are current in the
press. On the strength of these ex-
aggerated rumors of forthcoming
millions from America, Jews are de-
nied credit in Polish banks. "The
Jews of Poland do not want alms in
the shape of soup-kitchens, as was
practiced by the J. D. C. during the
war. What we want is credit which
should enable our small traders and
artisans to earn their livelihood. The
$200,000 allotted for this purpose in
the last J. D. C. budget is an insig-
thficant amount which, if distributed
among the 200 existing co-operative
credit societies, would give an aver-
age credit of $5 to each member of
such a co-operative. The .1. D. C.
most allow an adequate sum for credit
to Polish Jews in their present plight.
The J. 1). C. must also conduct this
action in conjunction with the local
Jewish representatives who know
conditions best."
J. Fishman, in another issue of the
Morning Journal sees no reason why
the "Joint" should be ashamed of its
philanthropic nature, as seems to be
indicated by the apologetic words in
Dr. Kahn's telegram to Felix M. War-
burg on the Polish situation, "al-
though I am opposed to philanthropy"
.... The "Joint" should openly pro-
fess to be what it really is—philan-
thropic. A few years ago, under cer-
tain pressure from without, the
"Joint" started upon a new course,
that of reconstructive relief. The J.
D. C. then, as well as the Inas, liqui-
dated its activities in Poland. How-
ever, all those reconstructive enter-
prises in Poland came to naught, as
the .lews there are but a plaything
for the various political and econom-
ic factors operating there. "No re-
construction is secure in Goluth—the
writer points out. Relief, however,
should not be delayed, and it is just
in this simple old philanthropic relief
that the J. D. C. had been so effective
and achieved so much."
In his leading article in the Zukunft
of February, the editor of this month-
ly, A. Liessin, gives a brief historical
res iew of what the Jews had done for
the development of Poland, how the
unhampered activity of the Polish
Jew in industry and commerce had
given prosperity and importance to
that country, and how the present
ruin of Polish Jewry spells also the
ruin of that state There is no rad-
ical remedy in sight, however, there
is no place whither the Polish Jews
might emigrate. For "the gates of
America are tightly closed, and Eretz
Yisrorl, the land of our dreams, of
our Prophets and our ruins, cannot
take in a large Jewish immigration."
The Day in its issue of Feb. 5, din-
cusses the plssibility of Palestine be-
coming the center of all Jewish activi-
ties in the near future. The decision
of the executive committee of the
World Zionist Organization to trans-
fer the headquarters of the Keren
Ilayesod from London to Jerusalem
has strengthened the position of the
Jewish National Homeland, thinks the
paper. It now remains to transfer the
Zionist Congress to Palestine, and this
will surely be done. The tendency is
to concentrate all Jewish National ac-
tivities in Palestine, and thin tendency
must win in the end.

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