A mer/Cam 5cwislf Periodical eater

CLIFTON AVINU8 • CINCINNATI 20, OHIO

PAGE FIVE

E117SH ( RPo0.YICIZ

THE

A Tidal Wave of Human Misery

Revea,ed in .1. D. C. Archives

Report of Refugee Relief is Dramatic Story of Martyrdom of
Hundreds of Thousands From All Of Europe
Which Has Baffled Social Agencies.

r -Joe

Raskin
Garage
E. Raskin
It. Brooks
II Stone
r..Inmerinan
. C,
21: Green.
J'i•l4 goals
1; M.
E. Raskin,
n, Foul
.nbi.re's, 0
r M. Ashen
Brooks, and
r, inimerman.
tes. Referee
Ter— Meyer
Stt.ffins,
Everybody's
u Shoppe
I. 14 , senthal
N. Raskin
14 Garvin
I. Schreiber
A. Schmier
:'s, 15; Mu.
ils -J. Roth-
', I , S. Paul,
Irvin, 2; A.
-Seholnick's,
'PPe, 5. Sub.
N. Raskin.
tes. Referee
corer—A.
Steffins.

Won Lost
3
0
3
0
1
1
2
3
3

Jews, C h r i st ans at

i
before the war could not prove their)
I
citizenship.
Good Will Meeting
Before 1921, refugees had shared ,
with other war sufferers in the gener-
immediate emergency relief provid• l
Meeting Took
E och - Making
al,
cod by the Joint Distribution Commit-lp
,
Place
at
Temple
Beth El
tat
yearwhen
, ee. In th
activities
po by
s-
i‘ ilile to differentiate itsit became
Last Saturday.
nite
reconstructive
functions,
the,
(de
fi

fixion must not be told to children in
the religious schools in such fashion
as to lay the onus of responsibility up-
on the Jews. That story must be told,
if at all, with a proper historical back-
ground, else it will lead as it has led in
the past to misunderstanding and in-
tolerance.
The sentiments expressed by Rabbi
Franklin in this keynote address were
very warmly applauded and heartily
seconded by the other speakers.
The meeting was perhaps unique
from the fact that no one group at-
tempted any flattery of the other, but
faced Nets and conditions frankly and

A gripping Odyssey of hundreds of thousands of heroically enduring , restoration of refugees and repatriates
continent-wide perilous wandering became the separate task of a special ' What is regarded by many as the
te in a
of Refugees and Repatria- i most remarkable gathering of its kind
n, women and children, enacted
dtm
me search of hope and haven, is disclosed in a report just released from the ' de
turfman
lion.
From July, 1921, to April, 1923,
archives of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee describing , a total of close to 300,000 refugees-- that
in
has ever
place, was held
I Temple
Beth taken
El on Wednesday,
Dec. at
9.
the activities of its department on refugees and repatriation. It reveals in 135,000 in Poland alone—were assist- I ! O n this occasion representatives of the
its full historic sweep the poignant
physical
tragedy,
the grins
tornado-wake
which
the Jews
of Eastern
Europe,
by sheer cod by the department. its concern temple and the Men's Temple Club
ic rimal search for bread, are salvaging the , was no longer merely the emergency acted as hosts at a luncheon tendered
life out of
of broken huma n
ittee on G oo d will Between
and the p
relief aimed at keeping together body i the Comm
force of the will to live
spiritualstructure of their existence amid the changing social formations and soul, but to help these hapless 'Jews and Christians of the Federal
stru
onalities and the pressure of a new economic order.
wanderers to gain a foothold again in I Council of Churches of Christ in Am-
d eel,'
The nati
Joint Distribution Committee was created during the war as the s the normal occupations and walks of II erica.
ewish re li e
ap-
be
m
nationa l A merican
reconstruction aid. I life. The scope of this activity is in-1 Among the guests, nu bering
a m i-al disbursing aency of the great
ntire 11 years ' heated by the fact that an average of , proximately 75 who out at the table,
organizations. Its overseas activities in war relief and
e
given',
there
were
12
bishops.
six
college
pres-
42 countries, have extended through the
ra mify ing through
rest conflict began. Its operations have been carried through 13,000
persons
month
were
idents, and the dignitaries of many de
smne kind
of aid a by
the department.
since
nominational churches front scoe
at a total cost to date of over $60,000,-,
An Irresistible Wave of Misery.
The phase
effects reached
of this current
its post- For when the push-back was ac- countries, besides men who have won
000, the combined gift by voluntary war
to the of Western
contributions of Jewish citizens of ev- hemisphere in the impending mass of ,complished physically, after round- eminence and distinction in various
ection of the United States.
migration,
to
which
the
new
immigra. about year-long wanderings in fear fields of social and philanthropic work.
s
ery
The account shows the tremendous iton restrictions in all lands rose as and pursuit, the economic and social The luncheon was followed by a pro-
movements of people propelled from a defensive barrier. Conversely, the dislocation had been made complete by' grant of addresses, all of which pre-
the hub of war operations in Eastern closing of the portals everywhere has the fundamental political changes in rented in a virile and unambiguous
Europe like great tidal inundations been an added pressure for readjust- the countries to which the refugees! fashion the fact that the intolerance
into aJjacnt countris. It includes ment of these people in their old homes, returned. It Was thus a post-war re- 1 between Jews and Christians has in
surgence of the far-thrown flood, seek., recent years been fostered in this
a series of geographical maps which
show the successive incursions of the in Europe.
is conservatively estimated that ing a final outlet, that the department' country in various ways, and often-
found its activities centered. Russia 1 times by individuals prominent and
ocean waters upon the earth, fixing
It
was the chief starting-point of this powerful in the social and the busi-
their force for all time on the shapes the number of Jew torn from • their 'was
ness world. It was brought out that
t
of the continents. These chart in terms homes during the war and subjec
final migratory thrust. From there a . unless the intolerance thus created is
of place and distance a racial displace- repatriation in the countries from „ mighty and irrestible wave of mis- speedily overcome, the stability of
ment of overwhelming proportions which they had fled was from 400,- cry " swept forth in 1920-21, dragging American civilization is threatened.
never before graphically summed up 000 to 450,000. Of these perhaps 300,- . ln its wake numerous others less see- Religious bigotry, at was stressed, is a
000 to 350,000 returned to their homes.. iously affected, but imbued with the
challenge to the spirit of America.
in this way.
This army of exiles was made up of same restlessness, dejection, and mor- Among the speakers were Dr. Leo M.
Shifting of Jewish Life.
the
people
who
during
the
movements
bid
hope—all
seeking
a
permanent
es-
Franklin and Milford Stern, repre-
The historical significance of this
migratory movement, says the report of the armies had fled or been event- cape from political oppression, or eco- senting Temple Beth F.I. Other speak-
which has been made public by David ated from localities occupied or threat- nontic stagnation, or religious persecu- ers, were Dr. Alfred Wms. Anthony,
ened by an enemy. Among them were lion, or pogrom or famine, or a chance chairman of the Committee on Good
A. Brown, chairman of the 315,000,000
United Jewish Campaign, "is still to- also prisoners of war who at the con- of reunion with families or relatives Will; Rev. John W. Herring, secretary
from whom they had been separated of the committee; Rt. Rev. Herman D.
day not readily apparent. The world elusion of hostilities found themselves ,
in alien lands, and also the Eastern during the seven years of war. It Page, Episcopal Bishop of the Diocese
has never before seen such a vast
European Jews who had been drafted spread in every westerly direction, in- of Michigan; and Rev. Reinhold Nie-
shifting of Jewish life as has followed
.
the events of the past 40 years, and into "compulsory labor" in Germany to Poland, Roumania, Latvia, Lithuan- r u ne or orator•
during the war, and in the final col- is and the Black Sea border of Turk-
The keynote address was made by
received such sharp renewed impetus
lapse were thrown on their own re- CI', and mainly in the direction of sea-
ports, such as Riga, Danzig, Constanti- I Rabbi Franklin who pointed out that
as a result of the war.
' if a mutual respect is to be established
"The care of refugees and repatri sources.
'h
The refugee movement was a flight nople. To make sure o f
and maintained between Jews and
ates was a task that challenged She
from horrors to any place that might latter port, groups of emigres often Christians, at least three things are
skill and ability of every social body in
offer physical safety and means of ex- chose to make a 'long overland trek indispensable. In the first place, the
Europe and America. The League of
and front the Pale district through s uth- philosophy of the Ku Klux Klan and
Nations, the American Red Cross, the istence for the moment. Hounded
driven about in a vast never-resting ern Russia to Tiflis and thence back to so-called 100 per cent Americanism,
acrossa ust be attacked in no uncertain fash-
Y. M. C. A., the Friends, were among
army of misery, when the chance of Ratoum and the longest y
the larger organizations operating de-
uose
only
group
whose ord up-
repatriation came they suffered equal- the Black Sea. By a conservative es-
o
partments for the care of the fugitive
amely
ly in the journey back, and from the tirnate, 145,000 Jewish refugees en- ion by the Protestane effecti ve, namely
masses. The fact that the League of rigors and actual dangers of getting' tered these countries from 1920 to I on the subjectt can b
t Church o Am-
Nations, representing over 40 coun-
From these main estuaries fur-Ithe
di scussing this subje ct,
across
the
frontiers,
especially
where,1923.
In
sa
tries, appointed a special commission- their re-entry was legally premature, Cher smaller currents seeped into Hun- erica.
id that the Klan is not D.
klin
er, Dr. Fridjof Nansen, for refugee
and finally reached their former &mi. gory, Czecho-Slovakia and Germany. Fran
and only to find themselves homeless., stream 0
and repatriate activities, is an indi- riles
4,000 m
ade up a separte ave.;
, challenge
to
the
nor
to it the
olio, nor to the Jew,
Negro,
but
is a Cath-
chal-
cation of the gravity with which the
er these western a
Those who had been evacuated knew ream mov ing ov
situation was regarded.
nothing until their return—sometimes! tiues from the Near East, especially since
lenge it to
the
spirit
of
America.
And
is a challenge to the White
,
"Practically every European land after years—of the havoc wrought Anatolia and Persia. In all, it em.
advance braced between 190,000 and 235,000, Protestant Church, it is that church
share
of
the
prob-
was faced with its
which must give answer. In the sec-
e, Belgium, Hol- upon their dwellings in each
lem. To Italy , F ran c
and place, he held, that all attempts
and retreat. They found the sites of persons.
land, Germany and Danzig an arm of
Absolute Demoralisation.
: at proselyting among Jews by Chris-
their old dwellings devastated, shell-
the wandering stream stretched out
i
holed, and overgrown with weeds.
This was the human chaos with bans must be stopped.
from the east, carrying with it the
Whole towns and villages had been which the refugee department was I
thousands for whom the ocean cross-
those who
call themselves
Christians
called upon to deal. In the words of church
has succeeded
in persuading
wiped out.
ing meant deliverance."
I to lead a Christian life, it is nothing
When at last the turmoil of the war the report, its task was "to combat the
demoralization
of
the
social,
short
of
impertinence
for
them
to send
bsolute
land the subsequent conflicts in Easter
• •
e
!economic and physical life of its
their missionaries to
F;u rope subsided, and repatriation ef-1
the face of the ma , pecially do Jews resent t e a
forts began under reciprocal treaties , charges, in
so-called ex-rabbis who have not been
among the various gocernments con- i conditions in the countries in which it
able to maintain themselves in Juda-
e e .,
I cerned, the conditions resulting f rom I wo K a and the difficulties interposed ism, either because of their ignorance
'this grim pilgrimage of peril, a --i ' °!.- by none too friendly governments. or because of their lack of moral char-
r.ffort was centered energetically on
I n ' si
I ganization, and suffering made 1) -!"
acter, are frequently given recognition
the imperative necessity to incoming 1 making its work count toward the re-
as leaders and teachers by the Chris-
' refugees and repatriates, and especial- turn and rehabilitation of these wan-
tian church. And in the third place, )
. . p
them.
derers
in
their
former
homes
said the Rabbi, Inc story of the cruel
ly to the Jews among
"The tasks that faced the various ising a more fundamental solution
y I ,
*
i
w h ic h meant situp
governments " the report says, "were, th an emi • gra t on,
a
transfer of the problem to other
manifold. }lousing
quarters had to
be provided, medical attention was ur- ' lands. This was accomplished to such
gently necessary, occupations had to an extent that within three years the
be found. All this depended on a rap-, refugee problem had been reduced to
id return to normalcy within the coon- !the bounds of a normal peace-time
•
•
e
repato
n problem and the
tries, and this was retarded, in Poland, ea
d tnthe
by the fact that additional ! ' m . gratin
- derers had been restore
wan
mainly, by
,
hundreds of thousands of homeless and level of their settled neighborhors
helpless individuals in transit were I where their further permanent rehab-
thrown upon the shoulders of the gov- , , ilitation became the charge of the re-
ernment as a class demanding special
e"al I construction department of the Joint
treatment. It is not difficult to an-, Distribution Committee.
From 1921 to October, 1924, accord-
derstand, therefore, that the native ,
to the report of a commission of
populations were not overcordial to the
minority
elements
who
composed
the
,
ing
,
survey
sent to Europe under the chair-
Strenuous days—the height of
manship of Dr. Lee K. Frankel, to re-
greater part of thus returning."
the social season—are just be-
Deported from Poland.
view the work of the Joint Distribu-
It is officially
estimated
over lion Committee, approximately $1,600,-
tore us! And between the last
3,000,000
persons
had been that
deported
!000 was expended in various forms of
"party" and the next one—let
o f w h om
from Poland into Russia, f rom t h e ,, relief and reconstruction aid to refu-
us suggest that you entertain
200,000 were Jews, mainly
, gees and repatriates in 17 counties—
the lady delightfully at
districts of Brest-Litovsk and Vilna. 1 Austria. Bulgaria. Canada, Cuba,
Few were able to secure an economic Czech o-Slorakia, France, Hungary,
I
foothold in Russia, and in all of them Germany, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Lith-
the natural desire to return to old I uania, Persia, Poland, Roumania, Rus-
and the Ukraine and Turkey. In
scenes and occupations was strong.I
Before
the signing
of began
the Treaty
of I i Poland alone, between July, 1921 and
Riga,
numbers
of Jews
to trick-
April, 1923, over $729,000 was spent.
le back to their home towns in Poland, To carry the extensive task of recon-
crossing the borders secretly. This struction still called for in many of
backflow was abruptly stopped by thel these countries through to its final
outbreak of the Russo-Polish war, and liquidation in terms of restored human
Every Evening, except Sunday.
,
resumed its swing when hostilities Ilife—to carry to completion the inter-
ceased. Thousands of Jewish refugees
from Poland had flocked into Galicia related
tasks of continuing
economic
reconstruction,
medico-sanitary
aid,
during 1917, after theBrest-Litovsk ' child care, and the beginnings made in
-
Treaty
and
during
the
German
occu
pation, and again into Poland and agricultural re-settlement, a $15,000,-
000 overseas chest is now being raised
NO COVER CHARGE
Roumania in 1920, fleeing before the I in this country through the United
,
bolshevist advance into Poland. Most Jewish Campaign, under the chair•
and
of these people returned homeless
hi of David A. Brown.
penniless. Because of the numbers in- mansP
rouble.
voiced, and the conditions of their ex-Anti-Semitism Adds T
co nfidently
s
"It had been hoped, even
ile and repatriation, the center of the
believed, that the solution of the refu-
Jewish refugee problem Was in Poland.
gee
repatriation
problem
would
be ac -
Presents
A number of towns in Galicia had
b
a cons iderable d
been evacuated into more westerly ce
d
countries
'
been
he
affecte
s in t
parts of Austria—about 40,000 Jew- progresed in
ish refugees at the close of the war port of the commission of su
rvey, writ-1
ten by David M. Bressler of New
were found in Hungary—and when the
and His
many toward a gradual social and economic
Russians retreated from Galicia,
a recent re-
thousands of Jewish inhabitants were recovery," it is declared in
York, who went as a member of this
forced to go with the retreating ar-
body to Eastern Europe. "But by the
mien into Russia. From Latvia and
had' become pr-
e
of 1924
gi
Lithuania large sections of the pope- b enning
the iteconomic recovery
For Reservations Phone
lation had been evacuated—into Rus- fec tly cl ear that
'at'
of
the
Central
and
Eastern
European
sia. Most of the fugitives from [
via returned there at the time of the nations was a long way from being
and realized. Particularly was this true of
German occupation of Kurland
where there are more than
Livland. In Kurland there remained Poland,
3,000,000 Jews. To complicate the sit-
of the pre-war Jewish population of
recu rred a resurgence 0f
anti-n,
there
uatio
only about 12,000. The 50,000
60,000
Semitic outbreaks, which t00 k
or more who were still in Russia when
Latvia became autonomous suffered form in organized boycotts against the
Jews, and in a system of government
severely, while the retreat of the Ger-
taxation which resulted in the almost
man army, and the post-war difficul-
ruin of their economic life. At
• and Latvia, utter
ties between
this moment hundreds of thousands, ,
made their immediate return impos-
particularly of the newly returned ref-j
sible. Finally, return W115 made su-
ogees in Poland—virtually refugees in
lffirult by the fact that in
prune y
their own country—hoe reac
Latvia after the war the old Russian
point of utter helplessness and hope-
laws still prevailed, so that Jews who
lessness. Nor is the situation much
had come thither since 1881 had no
era other countries, not-i
legal right of residence, and thus peas better in
rev
ably R oumania."l
The final seal has been put on the
dilemma by the latest restrictions on
immigration to the United States, as
consequence of which something like
60,000 immigrant refugees, many of
them holding American visas, are now
8916 TWELFTH STREET, (Bet. Taylor and Hazelwood)
stranded in all the ports of Europe
and in Cuba and Mexico, because of
-- OFFER
the exhaustion or further reduction of
the quotas *Noted to their native lands
before they could embark. Relief of
the desperate plight of these people is
another of the objects to which a very!
considerable part of the new fund is
ledividual Orders for Party, Wedding, Birthday
we Specialise In
to be devoted.
Calm., Etc.

attracting numerous au di ences corn-
fearlessly. As a result of the meeting,
read
certain definite steps have already posed of those who enther have
been taken toward organizing in var- Booth Tarkington's delightful novel,

"Seventeen," or seen the play of the
same title from which the musical com-
edy by Dorothy Donnelly was made in-
to its present form. The Messrs. Shu-
bert have staged "Hello Lola" sumpt-
uously in decorative scenes and sup-
plied a cast of splendid artists and
chorus. Among the princip
Edyth Baker in the role of Lola Pratt,
Dick Keene as Willie Baxter; Jay C.
Flippen, Marjorie White, Nanette
"Hello Lola"
Flack, lien Ilendricks, Ben Franklin
"Hello Lola" has registered emphat-
and
Georgia Stone.
ically at the Shubert-Lafayette and is

ious communities throughout the land,
permanent Committees on Good Will.
In writing of the meeting, Dr. John
W. Herring, secretary of the commis-
sion, expresses the belief that it will
be more effective in a national way of
creating a spirit of understanding and
amid will, than any similar meeting
that has yet taken place.

at Schubert."

JOIN NOW!

Before the 1925 candle burns itself
active
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plan which will result in an even hap-
pier Christmas next year.

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