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rek.liE EIGHT

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PROBLEMS CONFRONTING AMERICAN
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SEASON'S GREETINGS

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ROSH HASHONAH GREETINGS
A Happy and Prosperous New Year to the
Jewish Community of Detroit.

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THE SEASON'S GREETINGS

D.R. jarratt & Co.

You Know Us

President Hebrew Union College.

It will be platitudinous to say that the New Year just
beginning is momentous in the history of Judaism. Every
year is equally momentous in the history of any nation,
religion or movement of any kind. But each particular
year has its own problems and tasks and when that year
is ended and its story is told, there will be the record of
achievement or failure. Therefore at the beginning of I
each new year we may well ask, what are the particular
problems confronting us at this moment which the New
Year must solve for us or at least to the solution of which
the New Year must contribute.
The year 5686 has many general problems for Israel
throughout the world and many specific problems for Juda-
ism in America. There is the problem of Palestine and its
upbuilding. The work will not be finished this year nor in
many years, but if the achievement of this New Year be as
rich as that of the past year has been, we shall be happily
content and feel that the problem is at least one step
nearer its eventual solution.
There is likewise the problem of the colonization upon
the land of the impoverished Jews of Russia and the relief
of their economic distress. That problem will loom large
before us all during the coming year. The first steps in its
solution will have been taken at the Philadelphia confer-
ence this week. Knowing the loyalty, the generosity and
the depth of the Jewish spirit of our brethren in America,
we need not doubt that even though it may require extraor-
dinary effort, this problem too, will find its solution in the
course of a short time, and that the achievements of this
next year will contribute much toward its eventual solu-
tion.
But both of these are problems away from home and
the salvation of Judaism in America cannot lie only in serv-
ice to our fellow-Jews in distant lands, no matter how
worthwhile and constructive this service is. Our problem
here in America, most pressing and most urgent, is that of
building up a living American Judaism, of deepening and'
quickening our Jewish consciousness, of creative endeavor
and achievement along all the lines of Jewish activity, so
that the end of the year will find a more virile and more
creative Jewish spirit and Jewish life in our midst. The
closing of our doors to Jewish immigration, no matter how
sincerely we may appreciate this, has accentuated this
task more than ever before. We are no longer confronted
with problems of Jewish charity and social relief, nor with
those of the absorption of the immigrant into our Amer-
ican Jewish body as we were, or at least as we thought we
were, in previous years. We can now concentrate our ac-
tivities more than ever before upon our most compelling
problems of Jewish education and the upbuilding of the
Jewish spirit. What the New ear will bring forth in this
direction, of course we cannot foretell, but the outlook is
bright indeed that in this particular direction it will be a
year unparalleled in constructive and satisfying achieve-
' ment.

as Dependable

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---

HART OIL BURNER

DR. S. E. SOSKIN
World famous Jewish colonization

expert whose program of close farm

AUTOMATIC
H AT

settlements is to be launched in Pal.

eatine by the Keren H•yesod.

ment, not as a theory, but as a sys-
tem and practice, in every part of the
world, and I know that I have ar-
rived at a system which with many
other advantages combines this one:
it renders the transition from urban
life to agricultural life more easy than
any other system. That is a consider-
ation of prime importance in settling
Jews and I consider it feasible on a
large scale only in Palestine, and on
the lines that I have laid down."
"How would you describe your sys-
tem, briefly and simply?" I asked, in
my anxiety to avoid technicalities.
Palestine'. Principal Amt.
"Briefly and simply," Dr. Soskin
promptly replied, "is the right way to
describe it. Briefly and simply, my
methods are those of close settlement
or intensive cultivation, utilizing to
the maximum the marvellous sunlight
of Palestine, which I consider the
country's principal asset. Palestine is
destined for fruit growing and truck
farming, not for grain. Given the
necessary irrigation, only one-tenth
as much land is needed for the former
as for the latter. I look forward,
therefore, to ten times as great an
agricultural population for Palestine
as under a system of extensive culti-
vation. I want for Palestine the sys-
tem which exists in California, in the
south and east of Spain, in the Canary
Islands and in Mediterranean coun-
tries generally."
"On what do you base your claim
that this system is best adapted to
the Jew, as well as to Palestine?" the
interviewer broke in.
"On the fact that it represents the
most gradual transition between the
work of, say, the urban artisan and
that of the farmer," came the quick
answer. "It is too much to ask the
average Jew to drop his shears and
needle, his plane and his saw, or his
merchant's yardstick, and take up the
physically gruelling life of the grain-
raising farmer or extensive cultivator
anywhere in the world. Of course,
there has been many Jews who have
succeeded, but we are not told of those
who have failed. For intensive cul-
tivation, on the other hand, the essen-
tial requisite is skill, which the Jew
readily acquires if he does not pos-
sess it already and not mere brute
strength. Thus, the work is brought
to a level on which the Jew can com-
pete without difficulty with the
Arab."
"But the cost?" I mentioned.

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II

96 WARREN AVENUE WEST, Near CASS

(Editor's Note:—The Soskin intensive colonization plan was one
of the chief questions discussed at the recent Fourteenth Zionist
Congress in Vienna, where it attracted widespread attention because
it calls for revolutionary changes in the colonization program of the
Keren Ilayesod in Palestine—close rural settlements specializing in
fruit growing and truck farming rather than in grain growing. In
this interview with the distinguished expert who devised the pro-
gram, secured by Mr. Goldberg at the close of the congress, Dr.
Soskin explains how his intensive colonization plan is best adapted
to the Jew and to Palestine and can be carried out at a minimum
cost. The Keren Ilayesod will embark upon this intensive coloniza-
tion program, the sum of $100,000 having been voted at the closing
session of the congress to launch it, following which it is expected
that increased expenditures will be made to extend the plan along
the lines advocated by its author.)

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TONNEAU SHIELDS

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We Wish You All a Happy and Prosperous New Year.

Detroit Elevator and
Electric Co.

More Jews on the soil of Palestine
as independent farmers and at less
cost per family to public funds than
anywhere else in the world--these
are the leading features of the new
colonization scheme to be tested in
Palestine by the Zionist Executive
with the assistance of the Keren Haye-
sod and on the lines laid down by the
eminent Jewish colonization expert,
Dr. S. E. Soskin.
I met Dr. Soskin in his shirt sleeves
sitting amid a pile of reports and
charts in his hotel room in Vienna
where he was stopping in connection
with the Fourteenth Zionist Congress.

T. J. O'REILLY, Prop.

1309 SHERMAN STREET

For Elevators or Elevator Repairing Call Cad. 0864

At this hard-headed congress Dr. Sos-
kin was one of the outstanding fig.
ures. There is nothing loose or vision.
ary about the man. He looks the
keen expert to his finger tips. In
America he would be described as a
"clean-cut live wire."
"You want to know something about
myself?" he queried. "The impor-
tant thing is not myself but my
work," he continued. "If you must
know it, however, I can tell you I was
born and brought up in the Crimea,
but I regard it as my mission in life
to settle Jews in Palestine. I have
studied the problem of land settle-

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WISHES HIS FRIENDS AND ALL
THE READERS OF THE CHRON-
ICLE A HAPPY AND PROSPER-
OUS NEW YEAR.

SKSSIC XX IM A NSIM AS tWaV ilaVtlal Ca

$2,500 to Settle Family.

"Ah, yes, the cost," Dr. Soskin re-
peated. "That if course is a very
important item to which Jews all over
the world who are interested in the
back-to-the-soil movement of their fel-
low-Jews are giving deserved atten-
tion. Well, I should like to empha-
size this: for the money per family
which this system of close-settlement
requires, namely, $2,500, we are giv-
ing as much, and probably more, than
could be given for an equal sum any-
where else in the world. And to
settle a family for less seems to me
to he hardly possible. The sum named
includes $1,250 for the settler's home
and other buildings; $750 for land and
irrigation; $250 for seeds and imple-
ments and $250 for the first year's
living expenses. We could not, of
course, compete with a system where
these things, which we regard as the
irreducible minima, are not provided,
where for example, the settler is
given a shack or a tent instead of a
house to live in with his family.
"But that is not the whole story in
connection with the cost. The impor-
tant question here is what the cost
will he to the public funds, in this case
to the Keren Ilayesod. Well, the an-
swer to this question is that intensive
sttlement will cost the Keren Ilaye-
sod no more than $500 per family, the
remanider to be provided by the set-
tler himself. In other words, the sys-
tem aims to settle the families of the
so-called middle class who make up
so large a proportion of the present
immigration into Palestine and who
come in with some mean sof their
own. Of course the Keren Hayesod
will provide not only the loan of $500
but expert organization and adminis-
tration as well, such organization and
direction being essential to the suc-
cess of the work, as has been demon-
strated by the experience of other
lands.
"Thus, the beginnings of the sys-
tem call for the settlement of 400
families for which the Keren Kaye-
sod will be asked to provide only $200,-
000. This, of course, is only a frac-
tion of the general colonization budget
of the Keren Ilayesod.
"I look forward to the most dis-
tant future," Dr. Soskin vontinued,
"when Palestine will be dotted with
large colonies on comparatively small
areas, colonies consisting of 500 fami-
lies on areas of from 750 to 800 acres
of Irrigated land. A country which
has a privileged climate, which enioys
a continual spring and summer, which
knows no winter or any temperature
below freezing point, should adopt
methods of cultivation which allow
full use of that valuable gift of na-
ture, the sun's rays, all the year
round. Palestine not only can and
should produce sufficient fruit, vege-
tables, eggs, poultry, cotton, tobacco,
silk and grain for its growing popula-
tion; it should also become an export-
ing country of prlmeurs—early pota-
toes, tomatoes, onions, grapes, ba-
nanas and other fruit, canned fruit
and vegetables, eggs and poultry.
"Finally," Dr. Soskin concluded,
"all our efforts must be directed to.
wards rendering the transition from
town life to farm life as easy as pos-
sible and at the smallest cost consist-

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We Wish All Our Friends and Patrons a Happy and
Prosperous New Year.

(INCORPORATED)

Ii

Joseph Hershey

Making Successful Palestine
Farmers Out of City-Bred

AN INTERVIEW BY ISRAEL GOLDBERG

"PHONE US FOR BIDS"

ROSH HASHONAH GREETINGS

By JULIAN MORGENSTERN,

Automobile Glass

1044 CASS AVENUE

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